7 March 2018
What is tuning and what is it for / Auto 24
What is tuning and what it is for, ten years ago it was not necessary to explain to anyone. So, the boom for improvements has subsided, but this does not mean that we no longer need tuning.
What is tuning? This car customization for a specific owner, which is performed in non-factory conditions. What is it for? To make the car more tailored to the needs of a particular owner. Forcing the engine and replacing the “iron” wheels with light alloy ones, tinting the glass and increasing the clearance, Chinese xenon, “fly swatters” on the hood and leather upholstery of the seats - all this is nothing more than tuning.
Creating a harmonious appearance for a tuned car is not easy, so it makes sense to turn to branded body kits.
Of course, any alterations to the factory design can threaten traffic safety, therefore, in civilized countries, even wheels custom sizes subject to certification. However, if you treat this matter thoughtfully, any ordinary motorist can benefit from tuning.
In the conditions of our country, when not everyone has the opportunity to purchase exactly the kind of car that he needs, tuning will help to adjust the existing car to individual requirements. Let's give some examples.
Engine
Chip tuning - flashing programs electronic control injection engine and common rail diesel help reduce fuel consumption or increase power and torque. For those who do not want to interfere with the factory software (for example, during the warranty period), there are additional blocks that connect to standard ECUs in order to also change the ignition and fuel injection settings.
The “correct” engine, according to the apologists of the tuning movement, should not only be boosted, but also beautiful in appearance.
Forcing an engine by changing the compression ratio, intake and exhaust parameters is now a rare case. Fans of various kinds of speed competitions and professional athletes resort to it.
Engine replacement. One relatively common way to make your car more powerful is to install an engine from a different, more expensive version of the same model. It requires a considerable amount of work, but the car turns out to be no less reliable than with a standard engine - in contrast to the option with forcing the “native” power unit.
Chassis
Wheels. Switching to tires with a smaller or larger profile respectively improves the handling of the car at speed or makes it more resistant to bad roads. High-profile tires, “shod” on relatively small diameter rims, provide a more comfortable ride over bumps. Another plus of 13-14-inch wheels is that tires of this size are noticeably cheaper than large ones.
Large rims and low-profile tires in most cases are not a real need, but only a tribute to fashion.
Clearance
Change ground clearance car is actually not so difficult: you can cut the springs or insert rubber spacers under them in your own garage. Excessively economic owners, in order to increase the cross-country ability and carrying capacity of the car, put high springs from other models, which, by the way, violate the handling characteristics. For a more scientific approach, there are branded kits and specialized workshops.
Suspension modernization technologies are well known, for some car models there are kits with modified characteristics.
Rigidity. A car with a soft suspension during high-speed maneuvers is controlled worse than with a hard one. Some “racers” even prefer to drive their “daily” machines without comfort, but with the ability to quickly enter the turn - well, stiffer springs and appropriate shock absorbers are also available for them.
Salon
Upholstery. Seats, dashboards and door cards are still fashionable to decorate with leather. In appearance - expensive and soundly, to the touch - cold in winter and hot in summer. It is necessary to perform such work in a specialized studio, because it is actually not easy to select and sew leather for a car.
Boring plastic interiors of mass models can be refreshed with new materials.
Multimedia. Only the latest car models (and even then not in every configuration) have a factory multimedia system with a 7-8 inch touchscreen monitor, a navigator and a multi-system player. Those who do not have such happiness can install a standard (usually 2DIN format) device - the so-called multimedia station with a full range of all the benefits: an audio and video player, 3G Internet, a GPS navigator, an on-board computer, etc. For models where there is no standard 2DIN shaft in the dashboard; you can purchase the so-called “head unit”. This is a 6 - 7 inch Android tablet computer, made with a dash-style cladding of a certain car model - with the same handles, plastic panels, etc.
It is possible to hide speakers in almost any door with appropriate acoustic design, but some people prefer to have the speakers in plain sight.
Acoustics. Not everyone also likes regular speakers - reliable, but with an inexpressive sound. Modern car audio masters can install high-quality audio systems with both expressive external design, and stealth - a hidden location.
So, what is tuning and why is it needed, we basically found out. It remains to be learned that any modifications to the car must comply with common sense and safety requirements. Ukrainian rules traffic prohibit intervention in some vehicle systems, however, in the absence of technical inspection, these provisions of the traffic rules practically do not work - xenon mercilessly blinding everyone and “fly swatters” flying off on the go are an example of this. Therefore, in matters of security, one has to rely on the responsibility of those who carry out these alterations.
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Tuning a car is its refinement in order to improve factory performance. Many understand this as an exclusively reworking of the appearance, but any more or less serious tuning always concerns the technical part. This is an engine upgrade. exhaust system, control box and so on. Let's take a closer look at what car tuning is and why it is needed.
Why do they do it?
Many motorists are not satisfied with the factory characteristics of the car. There are several ways to fix this. Buy a car that fully meets expectations or take care of your car and significantly rework it. It is worth noting that serious tuning will be very expensive. That is why not everyone can afford it.
When the car is completely satisfied in technical terms, many are engaged in its appearance. They install the so-called "body kits", spoilers, repaint the body, etc. Naturally, many do not touch technical side, but perform the visual design of the body vehicle. If you approach this issue thoroughly, then such work also takes a lot of time, effort and money. But this does not stop the majority, so millions of drivers do tuning. What is a technical and external improvement, we will now examine in more detail and take a look at the examples of several popular brands auto.
The difference between a tuned car and a factory car
It must be understood that rash tuning of the transmission, engine or chassis can only worsen factory performance. Therefore, a competent approach is needed everywhere. Having no idea about the structure of the car, you should not even try to get into the engine, because this can end in failure.
But still, you can independently recycle the interior of the car without resorting to the help of specialists. Many drivers even install dashboards from other car brands, however, it is rarely possible to do without serious revisions. In the end, the salon becomes unrecognizable. This also applies appearance car: when carbon fiber is on the body, a body kit is installed, a spoiler and gills are added, then find out factory model will not be so easy, if only by the emblem. This also applies to the underhood space.
Serious tuning involves the refinement of the ignition system, injection, gas distribution mechanism and much more. It comes to the complete replacement of wires and hoses with stronger ones. If everything is global, then under the hood the same 1.6 engine will look like a 3-liter monster, and an inconspicuous budget Kia, the tuning of which was done correctly, will surprise with its characteristics.
More about engine tuning
Many drivers who seriously decide to deal with this issue start with the engine. The fact is that with the right approach, power can be increased by 2-2.5 times, and sometimes even more. Install the filter first zero resistance. Of course, one can hardly expect a significant increase in dynamics here, but even this adds a few horses.
If you take the issue seriously, then you can’t do without block boring. To increase power, it is necessary to increase the volume of the engine, put a turbine on it, lightweight pistons and a crankshaft. A system such as a catalyst is removed, which significantly affects the dynamics of the car. After that, they put the so-called spider (silencer). Yes, and technology does not stand still, at present, a valve system has already appeared in which there are no springs. With this approach, the tuning of a Kia or another car will be noticeable, because the number of horses will double. And the difference between 120 and 240 is just huge.
Chip tuning
This item can be skipped by owners of cars with carburetor injection. This is due to the fact that the so-called "brains", or the injection control unit and the ignition system, are not there. Let's take BMW X6 electronic tuning as an example. It's quite costly german SUV. But many drivers expected more from him. If the car is no longer under warranty, then you can do whatever you want with it, even chip tuning.
This is a flashing or setting of the electronic control unit. In fact, this is a change in parameters such as the amount of fuel supplied, air, etc. The software is configured on special equipment with certain software. In the absence of knowledge on this issue, it is better not to try to do it yourself, but to entrust it to specialists. Ultimately, such a BMW X6 tuning can bring an additional 10-30 Horse power.
Suspension change
In this direction, there is also where to roam. Usually regular suspension processed into:
- off-road;
- sports.
Moreover, both of these types are incompatible with each other. The fact is that for the organization of an off-road suspension, the clearance increases, heavy massive chassis parts, various reinforcements and mud wheels are installed. Here they do not take into account such an indicator as speed, the main thing is that the chassis cope with bumps and dirt.
Quite another thing is the sports suspension. Look at least at such a domestic car as Priora. Tuning such a car is almost always the processing of its running gear. Most often, the car is underestimated and allegedly given to it sportiness. But if you just cut off the coil of the shock absorber spring - it will not change anything. Sports suspension should be stiff and collected. Valkost in the corners here is simply unacceptable.
Rigid springs and struts are installed, silent blocks are changed to polyurethane ones. But that's not all, Mazda tuning, for example, very often involves the installation of lightweight chassis parts to reduce weight, which is fully justified.
Car interior recycling
Most often this is done by the owners. domestic cars. After all, the level of comfort initially here is not at a too high level, so the driver has to somehow change the situation on his own. Tuning "Priors" in the cabin most often begins with the soundproofing of the car. This helps to slightly reduce the noise level in the cabin and make the ride more comfortable. Although much depends on design features car. Next comes the processing of the door cards trim, the installation of seats from other car brands. The torpedo with control devices is also being finalized. Mounted additional devices, say, for multimedia, etc.
Of course, there will be no technical changes here, rather it is done for yourself and your own comfort. Quite rarely, such improvements concern new BMW and Mercedes. Interior tuning in these cars is not really needed, because the build quality and sound insulation are already at a high level here.
Changing the car body
As in the case of the chassis, there are several directions:
- change in appearance;
- improvement of technical characteristics.
Many drivers touch on two aspects at once, because here they are not mutually exclusive. Many foreign cars are subject to changes, such as Hyundai, Honda, Mazda, Opel. Tuning for beauty is the installation of xenon in standard headlights or complete replacement optics, tinting, lighting and much more. All this usually changes the appearance for the better, but everywhere you need to know when to stop.
As for the changes in the technical part, then usually we are talking about an increase in aerodynamic performance. They install a spoiler, change the shape of the bumpers, and also put lightweight body parts made of carbon fiber and other materials. If you correctly perform the tuning of the "Opel" of the 90s, then it will look great even now.
Brake system
Well, now let's imagine that we have completely completed the technical tuning of the Hyundai and forgot about the brakes. A car, say, with a 106 hp engine. with. switched to 200, and a sports suspension and an advanced exhaust system were also installed. And the brakes remained regular, which are simply not designed for such a load. In this case, they are unlikely to work effectively, providing an optimal braking distance.
That is why it is necessary to deal with the issue thoroughly. The first step is to change the drum type of brakes to disc. It concerns rear axle. Wider brake discs are installed further, for best cooling preferably perforated. The pads and calipers need to be replaced as well. In some cases, the GTZ is also changed. At the last stage, a new one is poured brake fluid and the system is pumped. Now tuning "Hyundai" can be considered complete.
About the benefits
We still need to say a few words about what are the advantages of such global processing. Firstly, this is an increase in the power characteristics of the motor. This directly affects the dynamics of the car. Suspension rework gives cross-country ability or composure and rigidity, depending on the purpose. In general, you can make a real masterpiece out of an ordinary inconspicuous car, these are the results quality tuning. You have a Mazda or a VAZ, it doesn't matter: both one car and the other will attract the eyes of passers-by.
A little about the cons
Of course, it is impossible not to say about the shortcomings that are still there. Let's start from the very beginning. For example, you decided to perform tuning "Nissan-Almera" and started with the engine. Completely replaced pistons, crankshaft and more. In this case, any malfunction will cost a lot of money.
If the overhaul of a regular motor will cost 30-50 thousand rubles, then a tuned one can be repaired for 100,000 rubles. It is clear that this is quite expensive. This applies to almost all recycled components and assemblies. Usually more expensive components are installed, so their repair or replacement costs a pretty penny.
Well, another rather important detail - violation of the law. "Collective farm" xenon, dull tinting or forward flow - all this is a violation of the law, and each traffic police officer will issue you a fine, which is nothing good.
Is tuning worth it?
If you do not cross the permissible limits, then definitely yes. True, here you need to stop in time, and sometimes you don’t need to start. For example, there is no point in dressing up a rotten car body, putting spoilers on it, etc. The first thing you need to do here is welding and straightening, as well as painting. After that, you can talk about the body kit.
Another thing is that the lack of knowledge in a particular area can lead to serious consequences or even death on the road. After all, many people do not increase the amount of horsepower in order to drive along the highway at a speed of 80 kilometers per hour. And any "jamb" in the engine can lead to a serious accident. Therefore, if you do not know, it is better to entrust the matter to professionals. It makes no difference to them whether they are tuning a Nissan or a Mazda - the specialists know their job and will do everything right. But you will have to pay well for this. For an ordinary motorist, minimal processing is enough, which practically do not concern the technical component.
Summing up
So we figured out what tuning is and what its essence is. As you can see, there are advantages and disadvantages. If the owner really loves his car, then he will deal with it anyway, because a well-groomed car still looks great. Although it is possible to perform minimal tuning. A sedan, for example, unlike a hatchback, does not bring noise into the cabin from the trunk. Therefore, every hatchback owner almost always starts soundproofing from the trunk.
For some drivers, it’s better not to know what tuning is at all, because there are already enough reckless drivers on the road. If we talk about the limits of reason, then a slight processing of the car interior, installation high-quality sound insulation and appearance will do their job: the car will become more comfortable, attractive externally and internally. And sometimes that's all you need. And if expensive Mercedes tuning can cost hundreds of thousands of rubles, then domestic VAZ can be changed relatively inexpensively.
The word "tuning" in the title of this page is translated from English as "tuning", "adjustment". The concept of "car tuning" has become familiar to us, although often this means only the presence of plastic lining on the body and tinted windows. In reality, tuning can include quite serious changes in the design of the engine, suspension and other vehicle systems.
Tuning ... when an inveterate motorist hears this word, his heart begins to beat faster. The art of giving one of the tens and hundreds of thousands of "twin" cars descending from the conveyors its face. The art of giving the feeling that your car is exactly YOURS, that it embodies your most secret aspirations. Tuning masters are confident in their actions, distrustful and jealous of the "works" and technologies of their colleagues. Some areas of tuning are akin to scientific research, some are art, some are shamanism. But they are all based on one thing - the desire of a person to feel different from everyone else. “There are no comrades for taste and color,” in principle, many of their cars suit them, but they really want it to be somehow different from thousands of its fellows. This desire may appear both in the owner of the 9 and the owner of the 600th Mercedes. There is a demand - there is a supply. "Fine tuning" to the desire of the owner - and there is the basis of tuning. And it can happen in a variety of ways.
The simplest is the exterior. From banal stickers, moldings, tinting to plastic hinges, chrome plating. Rarely is anyone at this level engaged in calculations and research. These actions do not carry practical load, thank God, if they do not harm, although there are exceptions. Spoilers are really useful for a high-speed car, which increase the pressure on the road and additional air intakes for cooling the brakes. But for production cars, the meaning of the wing is, at best, to add individuality. Not all samples are made according to calculations, often - it was possible "out of fright" - and that's okay.
The next level is changes affecting the units and components of the machine. Here it is not worth experimenting "on the knee", many works require scientific calculations, or at least practical experience. The most popular option for tuning cars in the direction of, as it were, "ring" sports. Perhaps this is the first thing they do with new model, vending tuning firms. The springs are made shorter, the shock absorbers are stiffer. It seems nothing complicated, but at the factories, the designer also receives salaries for a reason. Bumps on the bottom of the bumps - the most harmless of what can be with a makeshift approach. Suspension geometry changes, handling changes. Only specialists can carry out work in such a way that these important characteristics do not deteriorate or become dangerous. So similar tuning reputable firms are already engaged, as a rule, the same ones that develop suspension elements for a production car. As a result of testing, as a rule, a set of springs and dampers, designed for each other, appears. To make the suspension higher, which would be relevant for Russia, by the way, is even more difficult - here it is already necessary to take into account the shift in the center of gravity.
At the same level go - gearboxes with modified gear ratios, replacement of gearboxes. Such changes (of course, not counting the "extremes") do not require a major restructuring of the entire car. After all, machines are mainly created for the average consumer and allow a shift in individual parameters in a certain corridor. But not everyone. For example, the installation of "wide-phase" camshafts often requires changes in the geometry of the channels of the block head, and if the maximum speed increases at the same time, changes in the characteristics of the valve springs. Often, an increase in engine power requires enhanced clutch, gearbox, wheel drives (CV joints), more efficient brakes. What a handicraft! For such work, complex combinations are calculated that go into series only after testing.
There are ateliers with a narrow specialization, They do their work or prepare kits for installation by others. Sometimes standing orders are bought up by larger firms and sold further under other names. Many manufacturers of shock absorbers, optics, brake systems have in their program products with "special" characteristics for different models of machines. They fall into the catalogs of tuning studios, are recommended to customers. The next step is typical for "techies" firms. As they develop, they increase their investment in research. The result is real technical marvels - super-powerful and ultra-light engines, gearboxes with amazing performance. Among the epithets "super", there is also a super price. In addition to exclusivity, it is also determined by materials - light, strong alloys, composites, carbon fiber. And some very pleasant technical details can be quite inexpensive, but bring tangible convenience and benefits.
You can talk for a long time about the alluring world of tuning. By and large, "Hi-End" audio in the car is also "the owner's dream come true." which he and his faithful "horse" need. There is a tuning of a specific car for a specific person, his desires and capabilities - that is, tuning.
Hello dear blog readers. In the article we will talk about what types of car tuning are. Since the appearance of the first cars, the topic of changing their external and internal appearance has not lost its relevance.
The desire of man to highlight the car is rooted in the ancient past. The first people used improvised objects and products to individualize themselves. This desire spread to other objects and products used by man.
Changing the external and internal appearance of the machine is a creative and costly activity. Personalizing a car costs up to half of its market value.
Many drivers cannot afford big expenses and are looking for ways to tune their car on their own. At the end of the article you can see video about the types of car tuning. It will be an excellent addition to the material.
The concept of tuning and the history of its appearance
Motorists mistakenly believe that tuning has appeared recently. The first cars that just left the conveyor began to tune. The body design was clumsy, and the drivers tried to fix it by making changes.
Tuning if literally translated from in English stands for adjustment and refinement. Its concept includes refinement and changes in parameters without their deterioration. There is professional and amateur tuning. They are like heaven and earth. The cost of professional car modification is higher than amateur work.
The first timid attempts at tuning cars were noted in the 19th century. They tried to increase the speed of the car. Then motorsport or car racing was born. The competition required a change in almost all parameters and mechanisms.
Modern tuning is complex and requires special education. Many begin to change the car for "little things" and cannot stop. Like a drug, he lures with new "chips" and developments. There are sophisticated ways to refine the machine. Enthusiasts tend to implement them faster.
The formation and development of tuning began with the improvement and development of the speed characteristics of the car. Today, a lot of developments have appeared affecting all elements and nodes. This allows you to radically change the appearance. Types of tuning allow you to "sculpt" any image from a regular production car.
The use of tuning improves a number of characteristics of the car. Makes comfortable and convenient to use. Tuning squeezes all the “juices” out of the car and a modified “product” is obtained. Don't be afraid to get creative and experiment.
Technical
A type of tuning that changes the design of the car. Suspension, engine and body elements are subject to change. Requires the use of special equipment. Includes the following subspecies:
changes in engine power;
The engine is improved frequently. Some operations take a little time. For example, setting air filter zero resistance increases motor power without making structural changes.
Other improvements: crankshaft, connecting rods, cylinders, fuel supply systems require the use of special equipment. Otherwise, instead of improving, you can get repaired or “screw up” the motor. This type of tuning requires serious material investments.
chip tuning of the motor;
Modern cars are equipped with on-board computers with a mass of sensors that monitor the current state of their systems. Makes life easier for the driver.
The fuel supply and individual parameters of the engine are regulated by the control unit. Can fit in the palm of your hand. Software is used to link individual electronic components. The operation algorithm required by the car manufacturer is set.
Chip tuning updates or changes the standard software of the machine to an upgraded one. It is possible to achieve the connection of inactive power reserves. Proper use of electronic programs increase the speed and power of the engine.
Chip tuning can be done by specialists using special software and equipment. Independent attempts to make changes turned into a complete fiasco. The control unit of the car was out of order and expensive repairs were required.
gearbox changes;
The modernization of the gearbox of the machine is associated with the strengthening of the elements of the clutch mechanism. Motorists are changing four-speed gearboxes to five-speed mechanisms. All motor resources are used.
The dynamics and efficiency of acceleration increase after modernization and improvement of individual elements of the gearbox. Specialists have to install gearboxes from third-party manufacturers on cars.
car suspension tuning;
Popular direction of tuning. The standard suspension elements are changed to reinforced ones. Driving performance cars are changing for the better.
Special understated sports suspensions are popular. Aimed at aggressive and high-speed driving. Reduced ground clearance. Upgrading the suspension requires the installation of a different model of shock absorbers and springs. The main thing is not to overdo it.
Interior
A type of car tuning that changes individual elements of the interior. If desired, perform independently without outside help.
The main task and purpose of internal tuning is to improve the comfort and safety of the cabin. Outside, it is not visible to others and is designed for the driver with passengers.
Change the following interior elements:
♦ replacing the standard steering wheel with sports or multimedia devices. Differ in ease and smoothness of the course. Allows you to control the car audio system through the push-button control on the steering wheel. You can replace the standard steering wheel model yourself.
♦ dashboard The car is subject to modernization and changes. Change the color of the backlight and its brightness. The changes are cosmetic and do not affect driving performance.
♦ replacement of gas, brake and clutch pedals is carried out by specialists. You can install pedals of various sizes and sizes. Customization for specific anthropological parameters of a person is possible.
♦ upholstery of the salon seats, a popular and demanded type of tuning. Active use of the machine leads to wear of the material of the seats. Replacement is able to "revive" the interior.
♦ sound system installation, refers to the type of internal tuning. There are not enough standard systems, and the driver decides to replace them or significantly upgrade them.
External
The meaning of the word tuning comes from the English word tuning, which means adjustment, tuning. Moreover, this can apply not only to cars, but also to other mechanisms, equipment, etc. We'll talk about what car tuning is, we'll analyze general concepts, which "includes" this term, in relation to this type of technology.
Modern production cars have average technical, aesthetic and performance characteristics designed for the average driver. For those who simply need a unique car that has a unique exterior and interior, dynamic, running and a number of other characteristics, its tuning is performed. In general, any creative changes to the car, even such as installing a car radio, navigator or additional headlights, can fit this concept.
Classifying the types of autotuning is not very easy. The fact is that often, by improving the design of the machine, we improve its technical qualities, and vice versa. For example, most drivers replace stamped steel wheels with cast ones to improve the appearance of the car. Thanks to beautiful disks, the appearance of the car noticeably improves, but at the same time, the weight of the wheels is reduced (if steel stamping was previously used), and this is some contribution to improving the dynamic qualities of the car (the effect on the suspension, stability, handling, acceleration, braking, etc.). d.). Conversely, those for whom it is important to improve these dynamic qualities by reducing the mass of the wheels will buy more expensive, but perhaps less beautiful (but still beautiful) forged wheels. Those who thoroughly “collect bit by bit” “insignificant factors” to get a “significant plus” out of them will buy forged magnesium wheels. And all of them will benefit both in beauty and in technical qualities.
There are other examples as well. By purchasing additional headlights, we improve the illumination of the road at night and, at the same time, the appearance of the car. When installing new bumpers and spoilers for beauty, in many cases, aerodynamic qualities will improve.
However, car tuning is usually divided into 3 types - external, internal and technical. Due to good accessibility for work, the easiest is to change the exterior, or its exterior finish. Let's consider each type in more detail:
External tuning.
Conducted with the aim of:
- Changes in the aerodynamic and technical characteristics of the vehicle;
- Improvements in the aesthetic appearance of the machine.
Aerodynamic body kits are used to improve aerodynamic characteristics, give the car the correct weight, improve engine cooling and ventilated front and rear brakes while driving, which also make the car's exterior more attractive and catchy.
A set of aerodynamic body kits, which is also called a "body kit", may consist of the following elements:
- Rear adjustable wings mounted either on the rear roof (hatchbacks, station wagons) or on the rear trunk lid (sedans);
- Front spoiler - skirt, allows you to increase downforce and exchange rate stability car on the track at high speeds and entering corners;
- Air intake - used to force air into the turbocharger and cool it through intercoolers, providing passive inflation;
- moldings;
- Bumpers (rear and front).
Let's focus on this kind external tuning how to install alloy wheels, which allow not only to improve the appearance of the car, but also:
- Reduce imbalance at high and maximum speeds rotation;
- Facilitate the operation of the engine and transmission.
This allows you to optimize dynamic characteristics vehicle and ultimately reduce fuel consumption and undercarriage wear.
To improve the appearance of the car, tuning is used that increases its decorative characteristics, including:
- A change in light optics, involving the use of lower neon illumination of the body and bottom, xenon headlights (improve visibility at night, but if the traffic police did not allow the installation, this could lead to deprivation driving license up to a year);
- Tinting - consists in sticking a tint film on the glass. Covering the body with carbon-leather or vinyl film;
- Airbrushing - drawing a picture on the car body using an airbrush and car paint followed by varnishing and polishing. Note that cars with a unique pattern are less likely to be stolen, they stand out too brightly in the general stream.
This type also includes the installation of a kenguryatnik, additional windows, a hatch (they can be folding, sliding, lifting and combined with a manual or electric drive), replacing mirrors and a number of other changes.
Internal tuning.
Internal tuning (styling) of the car is a change in the interior of the vehicle.
This type can include:
- Modified gear knobs, often the knob is shortened;
- Various types of original pedals;
- Installation and hauling of the steering wheel. Sports and other types of steering wheels are installed, including those with modified control buttons and reduced sizes. Often, steering wheels are covered with covers or painted in body color;
- Tuning dashboards (multi-colored and with a pattern);
- Change of seats - either new seats are installed and / or covers made of wear-resistant materials are put on;
- Decorative interior lighting, including instrument panel lighting;
- Interior upholstery using teflon, leather, leatherette, the use of wooden, plastic, metal inserts;
- Installation of acoustics, musical equipment - involves the installation of music centers, including radio tape recorders, speakers, subwoofer, amplifiers and even plasma panels;
- Additional sound insulation (noiseless) - involves pasting the body, rear shelf, hood, doors, bottom and luggage compartment special materials;
- Installation of anti-theft means, including mechanical ones.
Technical tuning.
This type involves making changes to the design of the car. The main structural elements that are subject to change are:
- Engine;
- Brake system;
- Transmission (selected optimal gear ratio, changes mechanical box gears to automatic and vice versa);
- A number of others.
The main direction of this improvement is to change the technical and operational parameters of the engine, for this purpose, the engine is being finalized, which may include the installation of:
- Forged pistons;
- Air filter with zero resistance;
- Cylinder block boring;
- Chip tuning, which we will discuss below;
- A number of other ways.
The nature of the changes depends on the design features of a particular engine.
Among other types technical tuning note the tuning of the exhaust system, in particular, the replacement of the muffler (for example, to provide a louder roar of the engine, like sports cars), suspension tuning (the suspension can be raised or lowered using different springs or coilovers (springs combined with shock absorbers)), body tuning, which is changed and enhanced.
Separately, we note chip tuning, which involves:
- Installation on-board computer in case of its absence on the production model;
- Replacing the installed on-board computer with a more modern one;
- Firmware (replacement of software) of the on-board computer or microcontroller in the absence of a computer;
- A number of other structural changes.
Rational and thoughtful use various kinds tuning allows you to improve the dynamic, aesthetic and specifications any car, make it unique and inimitable.