Oil level in razdatka field. Changing the oil in the transfer case is a simple but important procedure.

All-wheel drive vehicles are gradually gaining more and more love among car owners. This trend is associated with the best driving performance compared to conventional machines. 4-wheel drive often helps out in difficult situations on the road, especially in winter. Anyone knows that it is much easier to get out of a snowy section of the road, to drive through mud outside the city or into ice when the car has all the wheels spinning. And even better when all-wheel drive is combined with manual transmission. Cars with 2WD and 4WD have one significant difference in design - this is the transfer case.

1 What is a transfer box?

In front-wheel drive vehicles, the torque on the axle shaft is transmitted directly by the gearbox, in rear-wheel drive vehicles, cardan shaft and reducer. For all-wheel drive you have to use an additional unit - transfer case. It is designed not only to force the front and rear axles rotate, but also to distribute the torque between them depending on the current driving conditions.

The designs of handouts in different car models can be radically different, but the purpose, principle of operation and the main elements are the same for everyone. The main components of this unit are:

• drive shaft;
• center differential and locking mechanism;
• axle drive shafts;
• chain or gear drive.

During the operation of the transfer case, the parts in it experience friction. Over time, they inevitably wear out and become unusable. To reduce the negative effect of friction in the transfer case, transmission fluid is used. It also tends to age and lose its properties. Therefore, in order to extend the life of the unit for as long as possible, the lubricant in it should be changed regularly.

2 When to change the oil in the transfer case?

The frequency of changing the fluid in the transfer case depends on the model of the car. The automaker in the instruction manual always gives recommendations on the mileage, upon reaching which the transmission should be replaced. But not only these recommendations should be relied upon. It is necessary to take into account the actual operating conditions of the car. If it is often subjected to increased loads, then the lubricant experiences overheating and impact at the molecular level. As a result, it wears out faster and must be replaced ahead of time.

You should immediately think about premature replacement if there is a suspicion of water getting into the dispenser. This can be determined by simply inspecting the lubricant. To do this, you will need to merge it a little. If the liquid is foamy or inhomogeneous, then water ingress has occurred.

3 Transmission fluid selection

What kind of lubricant to fill in the transfer case? The answer to this question should first be sought in the instructions. But such information is not always there. Therefore, car owners have to turn to specialized forums or blindly trust the masters at the service station. The latter is not worth doing, you should always know what is poured into the units of your car.

To independently decide on the choice of transmission fluid, you need to understand a little about their types. All transmissions are divided into classes according to their operational and viscosity properties.

The API classification divides transmission fluids into the following types: GL1, GL2, GL3, GL4 and GL5. Relevant to cars are liquids of the last two classes. API GL4 greases are designed for heavy duty applications, while API GL5 greases are designed for severe shock and variable load applications.

According to the viscosity properties, lubricants are classified according to SAE and are designated by the corresponding indices. Summer indices 80, 85, 90, 140, 250 and winter - 70W, 75W, 80W and 85W. Most often, all-weather lubricants are used, marked with two indices at once.

Below is information about filling oil in transfer cases of some popular models:

4 The process of changing the oil in the dispenser

When the lubricant to be used is determined, you can proceed to the replacement itself. It is not difficult to do this with your own hands on any car, since the processes are fundamentally no different. To change the lubricant in the dispenser, you need to prepare:

• transmission fluid in the volume that is filled into the transfer case;
• keys set;
• container for draining liquid;
• large syringe with a flexible tube.

Before starting the replacement process, the dispenser must be warmed up. It is usually filled with a high-viscosity grease, which at ambient temperature has poor fluidity. When heated, it will drain faster, which will make it possible to get rid of it to the maximum. To do this, it is enough to drive a couple of kilometers.

The car must be driven into the pit and installed strictly horizontally. This is very important, since only in this position will it be possible to completely drain the old grease and fill in new grease to the desired level.

There are two plugs on the transfer case. One for draining the oil, the other for filling. The fill plug is always removed first. This sequence should be observed because often this cork sticks. If it cannot be unscrewed, and the lubricant has already been drained, then it will be very difficult to fill it.

Now you can unscrew the drain plug by first substituting a container under it. While the old fluid drains, you can start cleaning the cork. It has a magnet that collects the resulting chips. Cleaning should be done with a rag so as not to damage your hands.

When the grease is completely drained, you need to screw the drain plug into place. New transmission fluid is drawn into a syringe and poured into a dispenser through an open hole. This is done until the liquid begins to flow back.

To complete the replacement process filler plug should be screwed back into place.

Changing the oil in the dispenser is quite simple. Even a beginner can do this job. The whole process takes a little time, so it is advisable to change the lubricants in the front and rear axles at a time.

For any vehicle, the importance of timely replacement of lubricants cannot be overestimated. The oils used in units and assemblies subjected to friction at high speeds significantly reduce their overheating and wear, helping to extend their service life. Among such nodes, it is impossible not to note the transfer case, which is equipped with all-wheel drive vehicles. Both old Niva cars and Chevrolet models produced since 2002 need no introduction - these are one of the most massive all-wheel drive Vehicle in our country, who have earned the love of motorists for their unpretentiousness, ease of maintenance and low cost. It is especially pleasing that the vast majority of maintenance operations for a domestic SUV can be performed independently, without resorting to the help of specialists and a car service. In particular, this also applies to changing the oil in the Niva dispenser - a procedure that does not require special professional skills or special tools.

An oil check in the Niva transfer case should be performed every 10 thousand km.

Replacement frequency

According to the recommendations given in the service book, the first oil change in the transfer case of a Niva car should be done during the fourth maintenance, that is, after hitting 45 thousand kilometers. Then the procedure should be repeated at the same frequency. It should be especially noted that on the new Niva, the transmission oil is replaced after a break-in (2000 km. Run). Check level lubricating fluid in the transfer case is recommended every 10 thousand kilometers. However, experts advise focusing not so much on the recommended indicators, but on the condition of this important unit, as well as on factors related to the operating conditions of the car.

It's one thing when the car drives mainly on good roads(urban, on country roads), and quite another - when its owner lives in the countryside or is an avid hunter, fisherman or just a big fan of outdoor activities. In such cases, the level and quality of the oil in the dispenser should be checked more often, and if signs of fluid contamination appear, it should be replaced without waiting for the scheduled deadlines. So you decide when to change the oil in the Niva dispenser, taking into account all the above factors.

Checking the oil level

The procedure for checking the oil level in the Niva dispenser is quite simple, in any case, it does not require any special skills. The only difficult moment is that it is necessary to provide access to the bottom of the car, for which you will need to drive it into a pit, overpass or securely install it on the blocks. The second point is that the check should be carried out on a cold car, so if you drove somewhere before, wait until the car cools down.

The procedure itself is simple - just unscrew the filler plug with a 12 hexagon, having previously carefully cleaned the seat of dirt, and with a suitable object (wooden stick or piece of wire) measure how much lower the liquid level is at the lower edge of the hole. If this distance exceeds 10 mm, topping up should be done, which is done using a special syringe. You need to top up until the grease starts to flow out of the hole, then wipe the box dry and tighten the plug.

Choosing the Right Oil

The issue of choosing a lubricant for the transfer case and Niva axles should be taken responsibly, because the reliable functioning of these transmission elements ensures that you will never find yourself in a situation requiring outside help. The recommended ones have characteristics that ensure the optimal mode of operation of the vehicle unit for which they are intended. If you know exactly which oil is poured into the transfer case, the choice is simplified: it is enough to purchase a lubricant with the same viscosity. If this information is not available, it doesn’t matter either: you just need to drain all the old transmission fluid, that is, do not limit yourself to topping up if, say, the level is too low, and the lubricant itself is not yet heavily contaminated.

It should be noted that if you do not know which oil to pour into the Niva transfer case, which one into the box, which one into the bridges, then the manufacturer claims that the same transmission fluid can be used in all of these units. If we talk about, then oils 78W90, 80W85, 80W90 are acceptable, the main condition is. The manufacturer is not so important if it is a well-known foreign or domestic brand.

The automaker pours mineral water into the dispenser, but when replacing the liquid, it is more preferable lubricant there will be semi-synthetics with the best operational characteristics more suitable for the climate of our country.

How much to pour

According to the data given in the instruction manual, the volume of oil poured into the Niva-2121 dispenser and more modern modifications (21213, 21214, 21310) is 0.75 liters. Some reference books give the figure of 0.79 liters, which is not important - you still need to purchase liquid packaged in a 1 liter container.

The procedure for self-changing oil in the Niva dispenser

If, as a result of the next level check or in the transfer case, it turned out that it was time to replace it (symptoms indicating the need to perform such a procedure can be not only a very dark color of the oil with the inclusion of solid particles, but also the appearance of noise when the transfer case is turned on or during its work), you can perform such a replacement on your own.

This will require a 19 and 12 hex wrench, a liter container for used grease and some rags. It will also be necessary to provide access to the car from the bottom, for which you can use both a lift and a flyover or viewing hole.

Immediately before replacing, you should warm up the car (drive about 10 kilometers on it). The procedure for performing Niva:

Note that draining and pouring fresh oil is technically the same procedure for all Niva modifications.

Hello. The topic of today's entry is how to check the oil level in rear axle. It's no secret that maintaining the correct oil level and its timely routine replacement helps to extend the life of the axle and has a positive effect on fuel consumption.

It is very important to monitor the oil level in the bridges, since at a lower level their wear increases significantly, and at an increased level, oil leaks through the seals.

So - how to check the oil level in the bridge or gearbox?

Everything is very simple. 99 percent of axles (and gearboxes) have two oil plugs - at the bottom and in the middle.

An example of the rear axle of a UAZ vehicle and the location of traffic jams:

The bottom plug serves to drain the oil during its scheduled replacement.

The top plug is used to fill the oil and determine its level.

To check the oil level in the rear axle, place the car on a pit or lift so that the axle is horizontal (check that nothing gets under the wheels and that the wheels are evenly inflated). Set the vehicle to the parking brake or "speed" or P mode if checking the oil level on an automatic vehicle.

Turn off the filler, i.e. top stopper. If the oil is hot, a slight oil leak from the filler plug is allowed.

If the oil does not flow, you can stick your finger into the filler plug and feel the oil level (if you get it). If you can’t get the oil with your finger, the level is too low. If there are no signs of a leak on the bridge - it is permissible to add oil similar to that filled in the bridge.

If there are traces of oil leakage, you must first eliminate them (replace the seals and clean the breather), and then add oil.

What if, when checking the level, it turned out that there is a lot of oil in the bridge?

It happens that when unscrewing the filler plug, oil starts to flow from the bridge. Do not rush to rejoice, the car does not produce oil, and the design of the bridge itself is made in such a way that it will not physically come out to fill in oil, much more than necessary. If the car overcame a ford and / or deep puddles, water could get into the bridge.

The fact is that there is a breather in the upper part of the bridge (picture above), and seals do not always provide tightness and when overcoming a ford, or deep puddles, water gets into the oil.

Naturally, the operation of the bridge on a mixture of water and oil significantly reduces the service life of the latter.

If, when checking the oil level, you see that the oil in the bridge is much higher than the level, you should drain all the oil from the bridge and replace it with a new one recommended by the manufacturer.

Locations of filler and drain plugs on the most common domestic cars:

VAZ 2101-07, 2121

Volga GAZ 24

Volga GAZ 3110

All-wheel drive vehicles are gradually gaining more and more love among car owners. This trend is associated with better driving performance compared to conventional cars. 4-wheel drive often helps out in difficult situations on the road, especially in winter. Anyone knows that it is much easier to get out of a snowy section of the road, to drive through mud outside the city or into ice when the car has all the wheels spinning. And even better when all-wheel drive is combined with a manual transmission. Cars with 2WD and 4WD have one significant difference in design - this is the transfer case.

A way to find out why CHECK is on!

1 What is a transfer case?

In front-wheel drive vehicles, the torque on the axle shaft is transmitted directly by the gearbox, in rear-wheel drive vehicles a cardan shaft and gearbox are added. For all-wheel drive, you have to use an additional unit - a transfer case. It is designed not only to make the front and rear axles rotate, but also to distribute torque between them depending on the current driving conditions.

The designs of handouts in different car models can be radically different, but the purpose, principle of operation and the main elements are the same for everyone. The main components of this unit are:

• drive shaft;
• center differential and locking mechanism;
• axle drive shafts;
• chain or gear drive.

During the operation of the transfer case, the parts in it experience friction. Over time, they inevitably wear out and become unusable. To reduce the negative effect of friction in the transfer case, transmission fluid is used. It also tends to age and lose its properties. Therefore, in order to extend the life of the unit for as long as possible, the lubricant in it should be changed regularly.

2 When to change the oil in the transfer case?

The frequency of changing the fluid in the transfer case depends on the model of the car. The automaker in the instruction manual always gives recommendations on the mileage, upon reaching which the transmission should be replaced. But not only these recommendations should be relied upon. It is necessary to take into account the actual operating conditions of the car. If it is often subjected to increased loads, then the lubricant experiences overheating and impact at the molecular level. As a result, it wears out faster and must be replaced ahead of time.

You should immediately think about premature replacement if there is a suspicion of water getting into the dispenser. This can be determined by simply inspecting the lubricant. To do this, you will need to merge it a little. If the liquid is foamy or inhomogeneous, then water ingress has occurred.

3 Transmission fluid selection

What kind of lubricant to fill in the transfer case? The answer to this question should first be sought in the instructions. But such information is not always there. Therefore, car owners have to turn to specialized forums or blindly trust the masters at the service station. The latter is not worth doing, you should always know what is poured into the units of your car.

To independently decide on the choice of transmission fluid, you need to understand a little about their types. All transmissions are divided into classes according to their operational and viscosity properties.

The API classification divides transmission fluids into the following types: GL1, GL2, GL3, GL4 and GL5. Relevant for cars are liquids of the last two classes. API GL4 greases are designed for heavy duty applications, while API GL5 greases are designed for severe shock and variable load applications.

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According to the viscosity properties, lubricants are classified according to SAE and are designated by the corresponding indices. Summer indices are 80, 85, 90, 140, 250 and winter - 70W, 75W, 80W and 85W. Most often, all-weather lubricants are used, marked with two indices at once.

Below is information about filling oil in transfer cases of some popular models:

4 The process of changing the oil in the dispenser

When the lubricant to be used is determined, you can proceed to the replacement itself. It is not difficult to do this with your own hands on any car, since the processes are fundamentally no different. To change the lubricant in the dispenser, you need to prepare:

• transmission fluid in the volume that is filled into the transfer case;
• keys set;
• container for draining liquid;
• large syringe with a flexible tube.

Before starting the replacement process, the dispenser must be warmed up. It is usually filled with a high-viscosity grease, which at ambient temperature has poor fluidity. When heated, it will drain faster, which will make it possible to get rid of it to the maximum. To do this, it is enough to drive a couple of kilometers.

The car must be driven into the pit and installed strictly horizontally. This is very important, since only in this position will it be possible to completely drain the old grease and fill in new grease to the desired level.

There are two plugs on the transfer case. One for draining the oil, the other for filling. The fill plug is always removed first. This sequence should be observed because often this cork sticks. If it cannot be unscrewed, and the lubricant has already been drained, then it will be very difficult to fill it.

Now you can unscrew the drain plug by first substituting a container under it. While the old fluid drains, you can start cleaning the cork. It has a magnet that collects the resulting chips. Cleaning should be done with a rag so as not to damage your hands.

When the grease is completely drained, you need to screw the drain plug into place. New transmission fluid is drawn into the syringe and poured into the dispenser through the open hole. This is done until the liquid begins to flow back.

To complete the replacement process, the filler plug must be screwed back into place.

Changing the oil in the dispenser is quite simple. Even a beginner can do this job. The whole process takes a little time, so it is advisable to change the lubricants in the front and rear axles at a time.

Since the razdatka contains rubbing elements, wear products inevitably appear in it over time. If you do not change the oil in the transfer case in a timely manner, its resource is reduced. Oil loses performance and fine particles increase gear wear.

How often to change

There are several different types of transfer cases, and depending on the type of mechanism, the frequency of replacement in them can vary significantly. This information is usually found in technical documentation to the car and varies in the range from 50 to 100 thousand kilometers.

In addition, operating conditions affect the period. The razdatka of a car that drives on public roads experiences much less stress than that installed on a car that constantly moves off-road.

How to choose

Two types of fluid are poured into the transfer case: gear oil or ATF fluid. On cars with automatic transmission, ATF is usually poured into the transfer case, with manual transmission - transmission. In this case, often, the fluids must match, or be completely compatible.

This is due to the fact that usually the connection between the transfer case and the box is made by a single shaft, or one is attached to the body of the other. When mixing liquids, this will avoid the formation of an emulsion, foaming and other side effects.

For most modern cars having a dispenser, the manufacturer recommends using transmission oils class GL-5. They protect hypoid gears well, are designed to work in the most loaded mechanisms and contain extreme pressure additives.

Not the last role is played by the viscosity characteristics of oils. Let's analyze the meaning of the numbers using the example of 80W90 oil:

• 80 - viscosity at low temperatures
• W - all season
• 90 - viscosity at high temperatures

If ATF is used, it is better to fill in the original fluid recommended by the manufacturer, or an equivalent that has the appropriate approvals.

What and how much to fill

The table below will allow you to choose oil by car brand and find out how much it is required.

Check level

On most vehicles, inspection windows are not provided to check the oil level in the transfer case. Level control and replacement is carried out through the filler hole.

To check, it is necessary to install the car on a flat surface and unscrew the filler bolt, or the control one, if any. Usually they are made under a four or hexagon, or under a wrench.


A level just below the filler/check hole is considered normal.

The need for replacement is determined by the intake of a small amount of oil. This can be done with a syringe, with a flexible tube at the end. Black, cloudy, with traces of development to be replaced.

How to change

The replacement procedure itself is simple, but is often complicated by the fact that access to the filler hole is difficult. A lift, viewing hole or overpass is also required.

Some motorists make their own drain hole in the dispenser to make the procedure as easy as possible. complete replacement oils. To do this, a hole for the cork is drilled at the bottom point and a thread is cut.

You will need:

1. Special syringe for pumping out technical liquids(cost 500-800 rubles). You can use a medical one, but due to its small volume, the replacement process will be significantly delayed. What is more expensive - time or money, you decide.
2. Transfer case oil (gear/ATF) recommended by the manufacturer, or having an appropriate specification.
3. Gasket sealant, degreasing liquid.

To prevent dirt from getting inside the dispenser, clean the surfaces before unscrewing the plugs.

Has a drain hole

If your vehicle is equipped drain plug, it is necessary to unscrew the bolt and wait for the oil to drain completely. The magnet on the plug should be cleaned of wear products. Degrease the drain hole and plug, apply a layer of sealant and screw the plug into place.

Using a syringe, fill the dispenser with oil until it flows over the edge of the filler hole, then wrap the plug on the sealant.

No drain

In this case, all operations are performed through the filler hole. A syringe tube is inserted into it and the oil is pumped out to the maximum extent possible. The procedure for filling new oil is no different from that described above.