All-wheel drive Mercedes-Benz. Four-wheel drive Mercedes-Benz What is 4 matic

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What is 4MATIC in Mercedes-Benz vehicles?

You can often come across the opinion that with all-wheel drive, a car can automatically be considered an SUV. This, of course, is not entirely true, but nevertheless, the load distributed to all wheels undoubtedly improves the final cross-country ability by several times.

If we literally decipher the abbreviation 4matic, we get the definition of 4 Wheel Drive and Automatic. Speaking in Russian, it means that the car has four-wheel drive. Almost always there is a joint installation with automatic transmission. On our machines, the 4X4 marking means about the same.

It is a rather complex system that affects most of the vehicle components (both axles, transfer case, differentials, axle shafts, drive shaft joints). This whole structure is combined with automatic transmission(mechanics simply can not cope).

Thanks to long-term testing, the necessary parameters for transferring the load to the wheels for different classes of vehicles were clarified.

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The modern 4matic system provides the most optimal options:

Cars. For this class, the main load (65%) goes to the rear pair of wheels, and the remaining 35% is distributed to the front;
SUV or SUV. In these categories, it is distributed absolutely evenly (50% each);
luxury models. Here, the spread between the front and rear wheels is minimal (55% goes to the rear, and 45% to the front).

At the moment, the development of the Mercedes-Benz concern has undergone a number of improvements and upgrades:

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I continue to talk about incomprehensible abbreviations on various car models, and it just so happened that this detailed article will be about Mercedes (in the first they talked about the compressor). However, today we will talk about such a concept as 4 MATIC. Such an inscription can be found on some modifications of the concern, for example GL, ML, and even on the C-class. So does this mean and why is it applied to the body? Read more…

Let's start with a little definition.

4 MATIC (Firmatic) is the designation of all-wheel drive on Mercedes cars. If you decipher this inscription, it turns out - 4 Wheel Drive and Automatic - 4-wheel drive and automatic transmission.

As you can see, this is almost the designation 4 X 4 on our domestic cars, with the only difference being that an automatic transmission is used, while for Mercedes it can be a torque converter automatic or a robot.

Three generations of 4 MATIC

AT the dawn of the appearance of this system, and it was in 1986, the joint engineers of Mercedes-Benz and Steyr-Daimler-Puch, the first generation of this drive was invented.

First generation

It was first installed on the W124 model (modern E-class), it was here that all-wheel drive and automatic were first used. It should be noted that there was no permanent all-wheel drive, but there was a so-called "plug-in". All 4 wheels were switched on by locking the center and rear axle differentials. But the electronics of the first generation 4 MATIC controlled two hydraulic clutches. Immediately revealed the first pluses and minuses of the device.

When there was no need for all-wheel drive, only rear axle which saves fuel.
Accordingly, the resource of the structure increased.
The couplings were made of high-strength materials, which practically did not erase them when the wheels slipped.

The plug-in drive was not as efficient as the permanent one.
Off-road abilities were, to put it mildly, not impressive.
The design turned out to be complex and very expensive; in case of a breakdown, it was necessary to fork out well.

Therefore, Mercedes engineers worked on the second generation, which in the end was very different from the first.

Second generation

Later in 1997, the second generation 4 MATIC was presented on the W210 model. This system turned out to be more durable and productive, there were a lot of differences.

This is permanent four-wheel drive, not automatically connected.
Differentials (interaxle and interwheel) were no longer equipped with mechanical locks. Here, for the first time, the 4ETS (Electronic Traction System) traction control system was installed, which practically eliminates blocking altogether.

What benefits did it provide?

The design was simplified, and therefore the repair was cheaper.
permanent drive did its job, regardless of wheel slip, that is, I felt confident both on dry roads and off-road.
Off-road performance is much improved (again, if you do not take cars, here all 4 wheels gave confidence on the track when overtaking, turning, etc.)
Great job with automatic transmission.

In general, the design was a success, it was a kind of "work on the bugs", and now henceforth 4MATIC will only be "permanent drive".

Disadvantages - there are not many of them, if only we take into account that fuel consumption has increased compared to the first generation, and now the whole structure is wearing out, that is, it always works constantly. However, as Mercedes engineers assure, the resource here is really big.

third generation

Appears in 2002, immediately on a large number of C, E, and S class cars. The developers did not abandon the successful second version, but made it “smarter”, forced 4ETS to work together with a system such as ESP.

The bottom line is very simple - now the so-called free differentials are beginning to be used in the design, which work in conjunction with the electronic ESP system. Control over the road and off-road is now almost complete:

When one wheel slips, the system begins to “stop” it, transferring increased torque to other wheels that are in better gear.

The advantages of such a system are obvious - the permeability has increased by about 30 - 40%. Also increased control over the road in conditions of high speeds (drifts, sharp turns, etc.). It should be noted that 4 MATIC has received many awards.

Torque distribution

It is important to note that this drive can automatically adjust and transfer unequal torque to the wheels.

For example, passenger cars (except for the luxury S-class) have a ratio of approximately 35/65. 35% goes to the front wheels, but 65% to the rear.

SUVs (SUVs) GL, ML and R class have an equal ratio of 50% to 50%.

Luxury cars (S-classe) - adjusted to a ratio of 45% (front) and 55% (rear).

This ratio of torque is verified by many tests, as well as the structure and features of the body. It is these indicators that make cars more stable, safer and more comfortable to drive.

Now let's watch a short video.

VIDEO

That's what 4 MATIC means, I hope I helped you with your question, read our AUTOBLOG.

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4 matic mercedes What does it mean How does it work Generations

MB4matic

4 matic mercedes additional option driving. Without which you can not do on the road in winter and in conditions of unstable road surface. Mercedes equipped with all-wheel drive will help you get from point A to point B on time, and without resorting to the services of a tow truck in case the car got into a snowfall.

History(I)

4matic works on the principle of distributing the torque of the motor separately to each axis of the machine. The 4matic technology was designed by Mercedes together with Steyr Daimler Pasch, a company that assembled Gelendvagens in Austria. Four-wheel steering immediately works in tandem with the automatic transmission. The option is available for sedans, hatchbacks, off-road and commercial vehicles (Vito and Viano).

At the end of 2016 Mercedes Benz launched the 4matic plus system for mass sale. Here it became possible to turn off the 4-wheel drive and connect it only to the 2 rear ones.

History 4 matic consists of 5 successive series. The first prototypes of the 4matic system appeared in 1904 and were tested by Paul Daimler. The first light truck was produced in 1907. The large-scale production of vehicles equipped with 4-wheel steering began in 1951 with the Unimog farm truck.

Officially, 4 matic was introduced by Mercedes in Germany in 1985. This system was installed on Mercedes *boar* and 300E in 124 bodies. The locking center differential sends 30% of the torque to the front axle of the car and 70% to the rear axle of the car. The force of the power unit is divided by 2 rear wheels but equally. The front differential was left unoccupied to increase stability and enhance the vehicle's safety features.

Clutches block differential, they engage hydraulic drive. The system is controlled by the on-board computer and takes readings from speed sensors, ABS and steering wheel movements.

In the 80s the system worked in three modes

2 differentials disabled
center differential is locked
all differentials are locked

When the brake pedal is pressed on both differentials, the lock is removed. The engine torque transmitted to the axles in a ratio of 30/70 was focused on fast and confident acceleration of the car. Drifting when both pairs of wheels are connected is impossible.

History(II)

In the late 80s, all-wheel drive was available as an option for all B124s with diesel and gasoline engines of 2.6 and 3 liters. The second 4matic series has been used on Mercedes in the back of the B210 since the late 90s. The 4matic mode was complete with an unoccupied differential, the traction control function simulated a locking center differential. The ETS system controlled traction control. Only left-hand drive vehicles were equipped with the ETC function.

The third variation of the 4matic mode appeared in 2002, and was introduced for the B203, B211 and B220 bodies. The on-board computer controlled directional stability and controlled traction. The fourth version of the 4 matic system has been installed on S class cars since 2006.

In 2014 last generation all-wheel drive was first used on models

The drive is not permanent, but connected as needed, which significantly reduces fuel consumption by almost 18%. The 4matic plus system installed in the body of the B213 AMG, consists of a clutch with several discs, controlled by an electric drive, turns off the power pressure on the front wheel pair when necessary .

How 4matic works

4matic mode is designed for uncompromising driving on snow, sand, ice and gravel. When used, roll is reduced when cornering. Acceleration picks up faster and there is enough engine power to tow a trailer or other car. The ESP system and the powertrain traction control function work as auxiliary elements of the all-wheel drive.

Torque distribution by the ETC program is guided by sensor data:

ABS (traction control system)
functions to maintain a constant speed when descending a mountain

It then distributes the force to each wheel separately in unstable road conditions.

Episode 3

The 3-series all-wheel drive distributes torque for sedans and light SUVs at a ratio of 40 to the front wheelset and 60% of the torque to the rear. For SUVs 50 to 50. For business class and commercial vehicles 45 to 55. For AMG sedans 33 to 67.

The 4matic 3 series system works in tandem with: automatic transmission, driveshaft that distributes its force to the front of the car, transfer case, power transmission cardan shaft on the rear wheelset, first gear, front and rear between the wheel differential, axle shafts of the rear two wheels.

The transfer box performs main function in the Mercedes-Benz all-wheel drive system, it distributes the necessary torque force of the vehicle's power unit. It controls the gearbox, which acts as an asymmetric center differential, gears in the form of cylinders, and drive shafts. The gearbox works in tandem with the drive shaft. The rear shaft is driven by a sun gear. The front shaft is empty inside. It works in tandem with a smaller sun gear and is connected to the driveshaft of the front axle.

Episode 4

4 series 4 matic functions together with a cylindrical differential, it is blocked by a friction clutch with two discs. The distribution of engine torque is 45% to the front axle and 55% to the rear. When picking up speed with a car passing through an icy road. The locking of the center differential is carried out by a friction clutch, which aligns and stabilizes the body of the Mercedes.

The clutch can slip in turns if the difference in the differentials of the front and rear axles of the machine exceeds 45 Nm / metres. Tires do not grind the road surface. Such control during this period performs the 4ETC function by means of pressure on the brake discs.

Stabilization functions:

in the management of the Mercedes body in critical situations, they add torque power unit. The 4th generation of all-wheel drive was first installed on the Mercedes B204 body.

Episode 5

5 series all-wheel drive is paired with a motor mounted in the hood across. 4 matic of the fifth series is connected only when necessary (which significantly saves fuel). If a front axle drive is enough for a Mercedes to pass a certain section, then there is no rationality in using the entire drive. When the wheels slip, the control system for all 4 wheels is immediately connected at the same time. As soon as the car has stabilized, the electric drive cuts off the transmission of torque to the rear wheels. All-wheel drive stabilizes the body roll of the car before the ESP and 4ETS auxiliary systems intervene.

The PTU control unit adds power to the rear wheelset. It is part of the automatic transmission 7-G tronic with dual wet clutch. This block is small in size, due to this, the total weight of the car has decreased. In the absence of critical and emergency situations, the torque is distributed along the axes in half.

When picking up speed 60/40
winding road 50/50
loss of grip with the road surface of the front wheelset 10/90
during emergency braking 100/0

So what exactly is 4matic?

This all-wheel drive system improves driving stability under all driving conditions and road conditions, even in the event of an accident. But you need to remember all the time that even the smartest additional option to control the sporty character of the car with unloading the driver in daily and critical situations. With big pluses in the safety of the car. With extra traction and driving stability on unstable pavement. 4 the matic cannot go beyond the physical boundaries.

YouTube video:

promercedes.ru

How Mercedes-Benz's 4Matic all-wheel drive system works

The 4Matic all-wheel drive system is used in the design of both cars with cross-country ability, and cars. In today's article we will talk about the history of the emergence of this system and its varieties.

Story

Most motorists know that all-wheel drive systems appeared a relatively long time ago, and were initially installed along with a manual transmission. However, the 4Matic transmission system, developed by Mercedes-Benz, only cooperates with automatic transmissions.

4Matic 1 was first introduced in early 1986. It was installed on a Mercedes E-class W124 car, where it worked automatically.

The principle of operation of the system is as follows: its design is based on a mechanical differential lock. The control is carried out with the help of two hydraulic clutches. The main advantage of the system is that when the ABS system is activated, 4Matic automatically turns off.

1997 was marked by the debut of the second generation all-wheel drive, which was first used on the Mercedes W210. Now all-wheel drive has become permanent. This was achieved by installing free-type differentials, which are blocked by activating the traction system.

The debut of the third modification took place in 2002. The novelty, unlike its predecessors, has become more in demand, and they began to install it in other models of the company. As for the drive system, it is, as in the previous version, constant. As for the differentials, they are also free. The regulation of the system is carried out by the system exchange rate stability, which controls the traction force, and the on / off moment.

The fourth modification system was first demonstrated to the public in 2006. It was tested on a Mercedes S550 car. Despite the fact that the system had the maximum similarity with its predecessor, it was regulated exclusively by the on-board computer.

At the moment, the fifth generation system is considered the most modern. The new system began to be used in even more models. For example, in 2013, 4Matic 5 was installed on the CLA 45 AMG and GL550. It should be noted that this system is fully robotic, and in automatic mode distributes the axial load.

It is worth noting that the company's engineers have already begun work on the next version, and they promise that now it will be possible to control the PP system using buttons.

Features of the 4Matic system

At the moment, the 3rd generation is the most popular. The main reason for this lies in the relatively low cost and excellent quality of the system.

The 4Matic PP system kit includes:

automatic transmission;
front and rear axle with cardan gears;
transfer case;
front and rear differential;
axle shafts of the rear wheels;
multi-speed angular joints.

If we analyze this kit, we can conclude that 4Matic is a really complex mechanism, which, due to its features, cannot work with “mechanics”. The main element is the transfer case, due to which the torque is distributed. Plus, with its help, the gearbox, drive shaft and spur gears are combined.

So how does the 4Matic all-wheel drive system work? To begin with, the drive shaft is connected to a gearbox, the rear axle of which receives rotational power from a large gear, or, as some people call it, a sun gear. The front axle is connected on one side to a smaller gear, and on the other side to a cardan drive, also due to gears.

Principle of operation

Now we are talking in more detail about the Mercedes 4Matic software system. It should be noted right away that proportionally, the axial load is distributed as follows: 40% to 60%, with an advantage on the rear. Do not forget that the function of an asymmetric center differential is taken over by a planetary gearbox. On some models, you can find slightly different distribution rates: 45% to 55%.

It is worth noting that in cars that are equipped with a PP and automatic transmission system, there is no inter-axle and inter-axle differential blocker. Due to the vehicle's stability control system, traction control system, anti-lock braking system and traction control system, on-board computer automatically adjusts torque distribution.

However, the developers immediately stated that cars equipped with the 4Matic all-wheel drive system consume more fuel than similar models with conventional equipment. More precisely, the level of fuel consumption increases by 0.4 liters for every 100 kilometers. At first glance, not so much, but if you look at it on a larger scale, it turns out to be a serious figure.

The differential lock is carried out by activating the ETS system. Here is the same principle of operation as in the electronic blocker. The system automatically triggers the required moment, and the slipping wheel is braked, and instead of it, the wheel is additionally loaded, which has normal grip with the road surface.

Due to these innovations, a car with a PP system boasts a good starting speed, stable movement on poor-quality road surfaces and excellent handling.

Conclusion

The 4Matic all-wheel drive system is one of the most popular. At the moment, the developers have already released as many as five versions that do not feel serious competition.

Initially, the system was developed for a limited number of models, but over time their number has grown.

The 3rd generation system is in the greatest demand. This is primarily due to the fact that it was at the beginning of the 2000s that a sharp rise in the German concern Mercedes began. In order to meet the needs of the market, the company has dramatically increased productivity and reduced the cost of cars.

As a result, we can say that the system is not particularly complicated, nevertheless it is very good and performs well on SUVs, for example, such as the Mercedes-Benz GL or Mercedes-Benz M.

Video

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What does 4Matic stand for?

This is just a marketing designation for an all-wheel drive system developed by engineers. Mercedes-Benz and Steyr-Daimler-Puch in 1986. It appeared as a result of abbreviations, where "4" is all the drive wheels, and "matic" is from automatic transmission. A feature of this transmission, among other things, was that almost all models of the German brand were equipped with it in tandem with an automatic transmission. The first car on which such a four-wheel drive was installed was the W124 model (the modern E-Class). It was characterized by the fact that it was connected automatically and had mechanical locks for the center and rear axle differentials. The system electronics controlled the first generation 4Matic with two hydraulic clutches. The second generation of this system, first presented on the W210 model in 1997, differed significantly from the previous generation both in efficiency and in principle of operation. Firstly, it was a permanent all-wheel drive, and not automatically connected, as in the first generation, and secondly, the differentials (interaxle and interwheel) did not have mechanical locks, but nevertheless, a similar effect was achieved due to the traction control system. efforts. Finally, the third and last generation of 4Matic debuted in 2002 on three models at once: C-Class, E-Class and S-Class. It, in turn, differed from the second generation, but not so radically: it was the same permanent four-wheel drive with free-type differentials. But control over the movement of the car and its stability on the track is achieved using the ESP system, which also includes a traction control system. The latter performs a function similar to an electronic differential lock, slowing down, when necessary, stalled wheels and transmitting increased torque to wheels with better grip on the roadway.

autoexperts.ru

Mercedes 4. What does 4 matic mean. On Mercedes cars? Let's analyze the pros and cons

Mercedes-AMG GT 4-Door Coupe 2018-2019 photo video, price of a complete set of Mercedes AMG GT coupe

Sports car Mercedes-AMG GT 4-Door Coupe (Mercedes-AMG GT 4) is presented publicly as part of the Geneva International Motor Show 2018. From now on, the German company's model line includes three models of Mercedes-AMG GT (Mercedes-AMG GT) - a two-seater sports car with a closed body Mercedes-AMG GT coupe, a convertible with a soft folding roof Mercedes-AMG GT Roadster and a 5-door hatchback, which received the official name of Mercedes -AMG GT 4-Door Coupe. In our review, the new 2018-2019 Mercedes-AMG GT 4-Door Coupe - photos and videos, price and equipment, technical specifications of a sports 5-door hatchback, declared by the manufacturer as a 4-door coupe. Sales of the 5-door Mercedes-AMG GT will start in the summer of 2018 at a price of 120-125 thousand euros for a 435-horsepower all-wheel drive Mercedes-AMG GT 53 4Matic+.

photo Mercedes-AMG GT 4-Door Coupe 2018-2019

If the two-door Mercedes-AMG GT and Mercedes-AMG GT Roadster are called into the ranks of Mercedes to compete with the Porsche 911 coupe and Porsche 911 Cabriolet, then the Mercedes-AMG GT 4-Door Coupe will try to knock down the Porsche Panamera. And take my word for it, the new Mercedes will make it easy.

It should be noted right away that a large 5-door hatchback with a comfortable 4-5-seat interior and luggage compartment, capable of accepting 395-1324 liters depending on the position of the rear seatbacks, is not a platform brother of the AMG GT coupe and roadster models (the original platform with two lever suspensions of the front and rear wheels, as well as the Getrag “robot” located at the rear axle (transaxle scheme )). At the heart of the Mercedes-AMG GT 4 is the MRA modular bogie with a two-lever front and a multi-lever rear suspension, as well as an automatic transmission located just behind the engine at the front of the car. So the siblings of the novelty are the new generations of Mercedes-Benz CLS and mercedes-benz e-class.

The question immediately arises, why does Mercedes-Benz need two Mercedes-Benz CLS and Mercedes-AMG GT 4-Door Coupe cars in the niche of sports “four-door coupes”?

First, machines with different types bodies: CLS - 4-door sedan stylized as a coupe, and GT 4 - 5-door hatchback also stylized as a coupe.
Secondly, the 5-door GT looks more aggressive and brutal than the sedan's platform brother.
Thirdly, the Mercedes-AMG GT 4-Door Coupe will not have modest versions with diesel engines, rear wheel drive and a price tag in the region of 70,000 euros, but only the most powerful gasoline engines, four-wheel drive and a price starting from a mark of at least 120-125 thousand euros.

As confirmation, we invite you to get acquainted with technical specifications new Mercedes-AMG GT 4-Door Coupe 2018-2019, offered from the start of sales in three versions with powerful petrol turbo engines.

Mercedes-AMG GT 53 4Matic + with a 3.0-liter six-cylinder engine (435 hp 520 Nm), supplemented by an EQ Boost system starter-alternator (22 hp 250 Nm), which helps the car with intensive acceleration. The gearbox is automatic 9-speed (AMG Speedshift TCT 9G), 4Matic + all-wheel drive transmission (by default, the drive wheels are rear, and if necessary, the multi-plate clutch connects the front wheels, thus providing the car with all-wheel drive). Such a technical arsenal provides a 5-door curb weight of 1970 kg with acceleration dynamics from 0 to 100 km / h in 4.5 seconds and a maximum speed of 285 km, declared fuel consumption of 9.1-9.4 liters. Spring suspension, disc brakes on all wheels.

Mercedes-AMG GT 63 4Matic + with 4.0-liter V8 Biturbo (585 hp 800 hp), equipped with new two-line turbochargers, liquid intercooler and half-cylinder deactivation system. AMG Speedshift MCT 9G gearbox with a wet clutch disc instead of a traditional torque converter, of course, the proprietary 4Matic + all-wheel drive system, as well as air suspension and rear steering wheels in corners with a pair of electric actuators (at speeds up to 100 km / h they turn in the opposite direction of turning the front wheels , and at a higher speed turning in the same direction as the front ones). A car with a curb weight of 2025 kg shoots up to 100 km / h in 3.4 seconds, a maximum speed of 310 km / h, an average fuel consumption of 11.0-11.2 liters.

Mercedes-AMG GT 63 S 4Matic + with a 4.0-liter V8 Biturbo petrol (639 hp 800 Nm), AMG Speedshift MCT 9G “automatic”, 4Matic + all-wheel drive system, supplemented by an electronically controlled rear differential. The transmission additionally received a drift mode with full disabling ESP and a multi-plate clutch mounted at the front. In drift mode, the 5-door sports car is exclusively rear-wheel drive. Suspension, of course, pneumatic with thrusters rear wheels. The most powerful engine accelerates a car with a curb weight of 2045 kg to the first "hundred" in 3.2 seconds, a top speed of 315 mph, an average fuel consumption of at least 11.2 liters.

As standard equipment for all modifications of the 5-door Mercedes-AMG GT, the AMG Track Pace system is offered, which helps to choose the optimal mode for driving on the race track (Slippery, Comfort, Sport, Sport +, Race and Individual), supplemented by an insurance system with several prescribed levels of driving skill (Basic , Advanced, Pro and Master). The higher the level, the less the electronics interfere with driving, tracking and reading as many as 80 parameters.

photo salon Mercedes-AMG GT 4-Door Coupe 2018-2019

I would like to note that the new 5-door Mercedes sports car has surpassed everything in terms of dynamic and speed characteristics. Porsche modifications Panamera. For example, the 550-horsepower Porsche Panamera Turbo picks up the first “hundred” in 3.6-3.8 seconds and accelerates to a maximum of 306 mph, and the hybrid and most powerful in the Panamera Turbo S E-Hybrid line with 680-horsepower power plant able to accelerate from 0 to 100 mph in 3.4 seconds and gain top speed at 310 km / h, but ... this is only enough to compete with the Mercedes-AMG GT 63 4Matic +, but not with the Mercedes-AMG GT 63 S 4Matic +. It's hard to imagine what a full-fledged Mercedes-AMG GT 4 hybrid with an 800-horsepower power plant will be capable of.

We figured out the technique, and let's return to the exterior and interior of the chic 5-door hatchback, positioned by Daimler as a 4-door coupe. The exterior design of the body, as mentioned above in our review, is aggressively brutal, stylish, bright and charismatic, as befits an expensive sports car. In the presence of LED matrix headlights, a powerful body complemented by a mass of aerodynamic chips - splitters, spoilers, active blinds ( rear spoiler adjustable, and for a surcharge even made of carbon fiber), huge wheels - 255/45 R19 on the front axle and 285/40 R19 on the rear axle for the Mercedes-AMG GT 53 4Matic + and Mercedes-AMG GT 63 4Matic + versions and larger 265/40 R20 and 295/35 R20 in the powerful modification of the Mercedes-AMG GT 63 S 4Matic+. If desired, 21-inch forged aluminum wheels with 275/35 R21 tires at the front and 315/30 R21 at the rear can be installed on any version of the 5-door for an extra charge.

The interior of the Mercedes-AMG GT hatchback, at the request of the customer, can be either a 5-seater with a rear sofa designed for three, or a 4-seater with two separate seats for rear passengers. At the same time, all the seats in the cabin are sports with powerful lateral support and anatomical backrest profile. The driver and front passenger seats are like a GT3 racing car. The design of the front of the Mercedes-AMG GT 4-Door Coupe is a combination of the front panel from the platform Mercedes-Benz CLS and the tunnel of the two-door Mercedes-AMG GT.

photo trunk Mercedes-AMG GT 4-Door Coupe 2018-2019

Available analog (for Mercedes-AMG GT 53) or digital instrument panel (versions of Mercedes-AMG GT 63 and Mercedes-AMG GT 63 S) with a screen diagonal of 12.3 inches, an advanced multimedia system with a similar dashboard display size, sports steering wheel with touchpads, background Neon lights interior (64 colors to choose from), driver and front passenger seats with electric adjustment, ventilation and heating, rear seats with heating and ventilation, three or four zone climate control and a host of electronic security systems, assistants and assistants from the automatic braking system and adaptive cruise control, working with radar, to the Drive Pilot complex, capable of independently driving a car on the highway.

The 4Matic all-wheel drive system is used in the design of both off-road vehicles and passenger cars. In today's article we will talk about the history of the emergence of this system and its varieties.

Story

4Matic 1 was first introduced in early 1986. It was installed on a Mercedes E-class W124 car, where it worked automatically.

The debut of the third modification took place in 2002. The novelty, unlike its predecessors, has become more in demand, and they began to install it in other models of the company. As for the drive system, it is, as in the previous version, constant. As for the differentials, they are also free. The regulation of the system is carried out by the system of exchange rate stability, which controls the traction force, and the moment of on / off.

It is worth noting that the company's engineers have already begun work on the next version, and they promise that now it will be possible to control the PP system using buttons.

Features of the 4Matic system

At the moment, the 3rd generation is the most popular. The main reason for this lies in the relatively low cost and excellent quality of the system.

The 4Matic PP system kit includes:

automatic transmission;
front and rear axle with cardan gears;
transfer case;
front and rear differential;
axle shafts of the rear wheels;
multi-speed angular joints.

Principle of operation

It is worth noting that in cars that are equipped with a PP and automatic transmission system, there is no inter-axle and inter-axle differential blocker. Due to the vehicle's stability control system, traction control system, anti-lock braking system and traction control system, the on-board computer automatically adjusts the distribution of torque.

Due to these innovations, a car with a PP system boasts a good starting speed, stable movement on poor-quality road surfaces and excellent handling.

Conclusion

The 4Matic all-wheel drive system is one of the most popular. At the moment, the developers have already released as many as five versions that do not feel serious competition.

Initially, the system was developed for a limited number of models, but over time their number has grown.

As a result, we can say that the system is not particularly complicated, nevertheless it is very good and shows itself perfectly on SUVs, for example, such as or.

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In this article we will tell you in detail about the 4Matic all-wheel drive system from the German company Mercedes-Benz.

Modern vehicles have a high power threshold, therefore, for high-quality grip with the road surface, one wheel pair is often no longer enough. Slip occurs very often. In order to increase the acceleration of the car when starting off, and to negate the likelihood of slipping, a system of correct distribution of torque between all wheels is used. The presence of an all-wheel drive transmission allows you to stabilize the movement and increase the controllability of the car. This has a positive effect on the safety of driving in ice and when overcoming sharp turns.

Features of early all-wheel drive systems

It is known that for maximum productivity of all-wheel drive, several additional components must be included in the design of the transmission. But the machine from this only becomes heavier, the vibration level increases and the noise level increases. Since the all-wheel drive system has a complex structure, therefore, the price of a vehicle equipped with it increases. In this regard, the cost of maintenance and repair of cars is increasing. Also, the additional mass of an all-wheel drive vehicle is the cause of increased fuel consumption.

Since all this makes certain difficulties and costs, until the end of the 80s, the all-wheel drive transmission system was used only on vehicles with increased cross-country ability. Its use on cars was considered inappropriate and unjustified. However, the situation changed dramatically after the advent of the 4matic system.

Design features of the system

The 4matic transmission is an automatic all-wheel drive system that was designed by the designers of Mercedes-Benz. It is worth noting that the system is branded by the concern and is installed exclusively with automatic transmission on most models.

The system works according to the following principle: normal conditions movement, leading the car is the rear axle. As soon as the wheels begin to slip (for example, when driving in ice), the front wheel drive, and thus the car becomes all-wheel drive. The distribution of force is carried out between all wheels, however, its value is different for each of them.

The control system for connecting all-wheel drive, reads readings from the following sensors:

speed;

Turning angle definitions;

Brake sensor.

The basis of the design of the 4matic system is a modernized transfer case, which allows you to instantly redistribute all the torque between the axles vehicle. Also, the device of the system is supplemented with the following nodes:

automatic transmission;

System of the main transfer of effort;

Rear and front drive cardan gears;

Drive levers equipped with CV joints;

Front axle differential.

A little history in conclusion

The 4matic system has been developed and improved by Mercedes specialists for five generations. For the first time 4Matic system first generation was installed on the W124 car in the second half of the 80s (1986) of the last century, it was switched on automatically and had a mechanical differential lock assembly. All-wheel drive was controlled by two hydraulic clutches. The drive was turned off after the ABS was activated.

The main plus can be identified - fuel economy in monodrive mode. The disadvantages include - the complexity of the design and low efficiency in the all-wheel drive mode.

Second generation Mercedes began installing 4Matic systems as an additional option in 1997 on the E-class W210 models. By default, they were also installed on MLs in the W163 body and on the R-class since 2005. The second generation 4matic was already a permanent 4WD with three open differentials and imitation of their blocking using the traction control system (4 Wheel Electronic Traction System). Through a planetary gear, 35% of the thrust is distributed to the front axle, 65% to the rear. The second generation of the system can be credited with the simplicity of design and, unlike the first generation, good cross-country performance. As a minus - increased fuel consumption, because. All 4 wheels are working all the time.

In 2002 there was third generation 4Matic on cars C, E and S-classes in the bodies of W203, W211 and W220, respectively. In fact, it was all the same second generation, but brought to mind by adding electronic assistants that affect the simulation of locks. These are ESP stabilization systems, ASR anti-slip control, DSR descent control, 4ETS traction control and ABS. Depending on the car model, the distribution of traction between the axles varied:

1. Cars, except for the S-class, and for light crossovers - 40% front axle / 60% rear axle;

2. 50% to 50% for ML, GL and R-classes;

3. 45% to 50% for S- and V-classes;

4. For Mercedes AMG - 33% to 67%.

What is the design feature third-generation 4Matic all-wheel drive systems? The main structural element of the system is the transfer case, which continuously distributes the torque along the axes of the car. In addition, the transfer case is the interface between the dual planetary gear, spur gears and drive shafts. The drive shaft is connected to the planetary gear carrier. The rear axle drive shaft is driven by a larger diameter sun gear. The front axle drive shaft is hollow, connected to a small-diameter sun gear, on the other hand, with the help of cylindrical gears, it is connected to the cardan drive of the front axle.

fourth generation appeared in 2006 on the S550 and W204 cars. This generation is a further development of the last two. A cylindrical differential is used, "blocked" by an uncontrolled two-plate clutch, which distributes the input torque between the axles in the proportion of 45% front axle and 55% rear axle. When accelerating on a uniform slippery surface, the clutch blocks the center differential, adding stability to the car. In the event that the difference in torque between the front and rear axles exceeds 50 Nm, the clutch slips. Traction control is provided by the 4ETS system with the help of service brakes. Electronic assistants ESP, ASR and 4ETS in new system are calibrated to operate as late as possible, thus maximizing engine power.

Fifth generation The 4Matic system appeared in 2013 on CLA 45 AMG and Mercedes-Benz GL 500 cars and is a 4WD on-demand (not permanent, but plug-in p / p) on a front-wheel drive architecture with a transversely mounted engine in front. The front and rear differentials are open, there is no center differential. The set of electronic systems is the same, imitation of blocking is also provided by 4ETS. Power take-off to the rear axle is handled by a PTU (power take-off unit) built into robotic box 7G-DCT transmissions with double clutch. The PTU turned out to be very compact, and it has a common lubrication system with the box, due to which up to 25% of the weight was saved. Under normal conditions, the torque is distributed between the front and rear axles in proportions from 100/0 to 50/50. So, when accelerating a car with a full load at a speed of 50 km / h, the ratio changes to 60/40, with fast cornering it becomes 50/50, with a loss of traction of the front wheels - 10/90, in the case of hard braking with ABS - 100 /0. The redistribution of the moment is achieved due to the variable degree of compression of the center clutch.

How the 4Matic system works:

Comparative test of 4Matic, xDrive and Quttro all-wheel drive systems:

The Mercedes-Benz all-wheel drive system is called 4Matic. According to the latest data, the name of the 4Matic all-wheel drive system may be changed in the near future, so our friends decided to trace the entire history of the creation and development of this Mercedes-Benz all-wheel drive system, namely, before some models of the German company forever move away from this already familiar all the term (name).

Initially, the design of the four-wheel drive system was created in 1903 by Paul Daimler himself, the son of a German engineer, designer and industrialist.

The first all-wheel drive production car appeared four years later and was named Daimler Dernberg-Wagen. This creation, in addition to all-wheel drive, also had all-wheel drive, thus marking an important milestone in development.

Let's rewind time a few decades ahead from the creation of the first mass-produced car. The company "Mercedes-Benz" released and launched into the series the first, exactly the same model that subsequently went through a long path of its development, but did not lose its main feature, the incredible ability to pass the most difficult off-road sections.

In the early 1970s, Mercedes-Benz began to develop a car, the great-grandfather of the modern G-Class cars.

After seven years, i.e. In 1979, the first Gelandwagen or G-Class rolls off the assembly line in the Austrian city of Gratz. An interesting fact is that to this day this company has not changed the place of production of Gelendvagen cars.

First 4Matic

The first mention of 4Matic took place and happened in 1985, when the German brand introduced an all-wheel drive system with this name. At that time, the company "Mercedes-Benz" for the first time showed this new and unknown system to the entire world public, subsequently announcing the latter in production, thereby declaring the following that it would be used on passenger cars. Two years later, a 4Matic all-wheel drive model rolled off the assembly line for the first time. The passenger car had an electronically locking differential.

The first M-Class crossover car from Mercedes rolled off the assembly line ten years later. The M-Class, later renamed ML, became the first premium crossover and began to be equipped with a system electronic control traction with 4Matic all-wheel drive technology. Subsequently, the 4ETS electronic traction distribution system appeared on the E-Class 4Matic models.

Mercedes has continuously improved and developed its proprietary all-wheel drive system, resulting in the launch of its next new generation in 2008, the weight of such a system has dropped to 90 kilograms. The first model on which this system was installed was the CL 550 Coupe, of course, the Mercedes brand.

Mercedes-Benz currently installs the 4Matic system on almost 50 models of its cars and offers them for different markets, namely, from passenger cars to the same minivans and SUVs. The automaker combines this all-wheel drive with both gasoline and diesel, and even.

Mercedes-Benz 4Matic - for road cars

Daimler's premium brand creates various extras. options for all-wheel drive systems of cars, which it produces depending on their goals and their operational requirements. Passenger cars that are road-only, such as the C, E, S, CL and CLS-Class, are now available with all-wheel drive systems geared towards high power and high speeds.

The German automaker uses compact 4Matic devices specifically for such vehicles, which transfer mainly the maximum torque and engine power directly to the rear wheels and until they lose traction, which will force this system to proportionally transfer torque to the front axle cars.

Due to the low weight of the system, its presence has practically no effect on fuel consumption, and its compact dimensions, in turn, do not reduce the capacity of the passenger compartment by a single gram, when compared with the classic rear-wheel drive layout of the car.

The 4Matic system of auto-models C, E, S, CL, and has and carries a mechanical basis that distributes torque in the ratio: - 45% to the front axle and 55% to the rear. It works by locking the multi-plate clutch in center differential, with a force of 50 Nm.

Mercedes-Benz engineers claim that this system can distribute force and power in a ratio of 30/70 in any direction (to the rear or front axle), depending on the data received from the electronic control systems ESP, 4ETS and ASR and on the condition surfaces. Electronic systems are set up to give the all-wheel drive system a specific opportunity to initially make the necessary adjustments, and then take control of the situation if it (the situation) requires it.

At the same time, Mercedes-Benz car models with transverse installed engines come with a different version of 4Matic. On the A-Class cars and other derivatives of it based on the MFA platform, such as the CLA model, this system mainly works with an offset to the front axle, with the rear wheels connected if necessary.

Mercedes-Benz claims that up to 100% of the entire engine power can be delivered to the rear wheels on this platform, but this can only happen in one case if the front wheels of the car have completely lost traction. The automaker also claims that the response time of the 4Matic system is currently literally milliseconds.

Mercedes-Benz 4Matic system - for SUVs

Although the GLK is a car, its all-wheel drive system is also similar to the same system used on Mercedes-Benz sedans, coupes and minivans. Although it does have a rather peculiar set of electronics for specific off-road driving. Otherwise, its entire main part of the system works exactly the same as in conventional all-wheel drive cars of this auto brand.

Meanwhile, this 4Matic system on cars and the GL-Class differs from the examples we mentioned earlier, it distributes and shares power between the axles in equal proportions, 50/50.

Both of these models use ABS sensors to measure individual wheel speeds, and then the ESP and 4ETS systems themselves come into operation, which is done imperceptibly by the driver himself by briefly braking the slipping wheels at the right time.

Mercedes-Benz has already released four generations of 4Matic systems, the automaker passed the two millionth milestone of their creation in February 2012.

G-Class 4Matic- extreme version

Even without knowing the history of this German car brand, only one appearance G-Class, you can immediately and unmistakably determine that this model has military roots. The "Real Warrior" quickly became a very popular passenger vehicle, naturally with other modern improvements over time.

Compared to the four-wheel drive car models we have previously described, the main know-how of cars Mercedes-Benz G-Class are as follows:

In the first version of the Mercedes-Benz G-Class cars, it was fully used mechanical system drive to all four wheels. It was a so-called discrete system and it did not include any electronics. The internal designation of this G-Class is "Series 461" .

In 1990, 11 years after the launch of the first series of the G-Class, the German automaker introduced permanent all-wheel drive in this vehicle range as standard. These models, respectively, belonged to the "Series 463" and they were equipped with: -ABS system, self-locking on the front and rear axles and center 100% lockable differential.

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