Kogyo is with you, and today I will tell and show the very first Anime of the times.
The very first anime appeared in 1917. It was called The New Sketchbook. The film was directed by Shimokawa Dekoten. He also became the creator of Momotaro, an anime that came out in 1918. One of the founders of the genre is also called Kitayama Seitaro, the director of the film "The Battle of the Monkey and the Crab."
The very first anime in the world did not last long, about five minutes. At that time, there were no large companies creating anime films, they were drawn by singles. The artists were based on the experience of animators from Europe and the USA. This gave birth to a new genre that is still popular today.
By the 20s of the 20th century, anime became longer - about 15 minutes. The very first anime copied the plots of foreign cartoons. One of these repetitions was the series "Felix the Cat". Plots from folk tales of China and Japan were also often used. One such film was Japan's Greatest Hero Momotaro.
Among the animators who created the very first anime in the world are Shimokawa Dekoten, Yamamoto Sanae, Murata Yasuji and some others.
Anime of that time was created in modest conditions. These were usually small home studios. Film companies were responsible for the cost of making films. In return, the animators sold them the rights to rent their creation. The Japanese companies "Takamasa Eiga" or "Asahi Kinema" have been actively involved in the development of the anime genre in Japan.
The studio, which would have dealt exclusively with the release of anime films, was created only in 1932. She owes her appearance to Masaoka Kenzo. The studio took the name from his name - "Masaoka Film Production". The first full-fledged film at this studio was released a year after its opening. It was called "The Power and the Women of the World".
Those who are familiar with the history of Japan know about the mood of this country in the 30s of the XX century. At that time, the country experienced a powerful military influence. This could not but affect the cultural level. Humorous stories of an army orientation began to displace folk tales. For example, in 1934 the film "Corporal Norakuro" was released. Murata Yasuji became its animator. In total, the anime lasted 11 minutes. The plot was about a dog who joined the army. The adventures of the dog received wide public recognition. The film was based on the manga by Tagawa Suiho. Political events often appeared in the anime. The propaganda orientation of the films was caused by the situation in the country.
The history of anime dates back to the beginning of the 20th century, when the Japanese began to show a noticeable interest in foreign techniques for creating animated films.
During the 1970s, anime changed rapidly, breaking ties with its foreign ancestors and giving rise to new genres such as mecha. There were such works, for example, as "Lupin III" or "Mazinger Z". Many famous directors, including Hayao Miyazaki, Osamu Dezaki, Yoshiyuki Tomino, Mamoru Oshii, and Yoshiaki Kawajiri, started their careers during these years.
By the 1980s, anime and manga had become widespread in Japan, and were experiencing their so-called "Golden Age". The first series from the Gundam series were released, Rumiko Takahashi began her journey to the top. In 1988, the feature film Akira set the budget record for an anime film in 1988 and created a whole new style of animation.
The number of both anime fans and viewers who watch it from time to time has increased many times over. At the same time, technologies for creating and rendering anime continued to improve in Japan: studios switched to computer graphics, actively using three-dimensional animation. From children's cartoons of the early 20th century, Japanese animation has evolved into a culture that creates diverse, serious and funny, emotional and naive, works intended for teenagers, children and adults.
The oldest known anime, found in 2005, was created about a century ago - around 1907. A short cartoon titled "Katsudo Shashin" consisted of fifty frames drawn on celluloid tape. The boy depicted on them draws the hieroglyphs 活動写真, meaning "moving photographs" and used at that time to denote the word "cinema", then turns to the viewer, takes off his hat and bows. The artist and author of this animation is unknown. In Japan, the first animated films began to appear. Their duration ranged from one to five minutes. The first Japanese cartoons include Dekoboko shingate (New Sketchbook) by Dekoten Shimokawa, Saru kani kassen (Battle of a crab and a monkey), Dumb Sword, etc. The works of the first quarter of the 20th century were mainly created by enthusiasts who were inspired by the creations of their foreign colleagues. Sometimes the plots and characters of such anime were borrowed from Western culture, but more often they were adaptations of old Japanese fairy tales. The duration of individual cartoons from the period of the 1920s could reach 15 minutes.
It is difficult to determine at what point the anime won the sympathy of the Russians or when the first otaku appeared in the expanses of the state, only one thing can be said relatively definitely - the history of anime in Russia has more than 40 years. And it originates back in the USSR, where the animation and cinema of the capitalist countries were strictly selected according to ideological, economic and aesthetic criteria, and only a few films were released for distribution. This exception was also made for some Japanese animated films.
Russia is called "Little China". Not in terms of geography: if you look at the map, there will be many questions about who else is small here. It's just that in Russia they are also successfully (well, or not very) engaged in the production of everything and everything: from Abibas sneakers and Naik bags to anime.
The plot flashes back to 1942, when the USSR was the only country capable of resisting the Nazis. This is a film about the Second World War, but there is no talk of any "based on real events". The Russians still fight against the Germans, but they do it with the help of magic. One of the most talented Soviet magicians, the girl Nadia, calls for help in this colossal war in terms of losses of her dead comrades - pioneers executed by the Nazis at the beginning of the war.
Origin of anime
The very first anime series was released by the Otogi studio, which is a black and white historical cartoons. In 1963, Osamu Tezuka, nicknamed the "God of Manga", founded Mushi Productions and released his first anime series, Tetsuwan Atom. This was the start of the anime boom.
The first experiments with animation in Japan began as early as 1913, and the first animated films appeared in 1917. These were small films, ranging in length from one to five minutes, and they were made by lone artists who tried to reproduce the early experiences of American and European animators.
The oldest known anime, found in 2005, was created about a century ago - in 1907. The short cartoon consisted of fifty frames drawn on celluloid tape. The boy depicted on them draws hieroglyphs, then turns to the viewer, takes off his hat and bows.
Anime, as an independent direction in animation, arose in 1958 and was officially recognized as an art at the end of the 20th century. The history of anime goes back to the beginning of the 20th century, when the Japanese began to show some interest in the animation of Western countries.
In the second half of the 1980s, sex came to anime. This was done very weightily - in 1987, the first OAV of the series "The Legend of the Superman - Tramp Guy" by Hideki Takayama was released. It combined an intricate and unusual plot with colorfully drawn scenes of human sexual relations. In fact, this series began the tradition of "hentai" as a genre in its own right and once again opened a controversy about the possibility of the artistic value of pornography.
In 1987, the first yaoi-OAV was released - "Song of the Wind and Trees" based on the manga by Takemiya Keiko. It became clear that sex came to anime well and for a long time. Just like in the case of regular anime, most hentai anime are based on manga (in this case, hentai manga). The pornographic scenes played out in hentai can be of different content and nature. The variations of directions are quite extensive from standard sex to various kinds of perversions, such as yaoi, yuri, shotakon, lolicon. Particularly cruel types can be attributed to a separate group, for example, guro or tentacles - these are peculiar horrors and horror stories of hentai. But it would be a mistake to classify hentai only by the content of erotic scenes, because just like in any other anime, comedy, mysticism, science fiction, fantasy, romance can be distinguished in hentai
Subculture "otaku"
Subcultures of anime fans began to appear: the so-called "Otaku". Over time, the otaku subculture began to have a noticeable influence on the creation of anime. Some of the first otaku became directors and animators themselves, which could not but affect the products they produced.
In the same years, one of the most famous, classic anime films, Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind (1984), was filmed. In the wake of its success and the increasing popularity of anime, many other non-standard and ambitious films were also released, some of which still do not lose their significance today.
Development of anime genres
In the early 90s, the anime world was dominated by cyberpunk. Its canons were laid down by the 1987-1991 series Bubblegum Crisis, directed by Akiyama Katsuhito and character designer Kenichi Sonoda. A remake of the cult film appeared in the late 90s under the name "Bubblegum Crisis Tokyo 2040" - an anime even more perfect graphically and storywise, a real masterpiece. But th years did not become the time of the reign of one genre, and the number of amazing films of the late twentieth century is simply amazing. The anime treasury includes films from a wide variety of genres and studios, from the series "about girls for girls" and ending with the fantasy "Lodoss Wars" and "Bastard".
After the surge in popularity of previous years, by the early 1990s, anime was going through a funding crisis. Budgets were underestimated and promising projects were curtailed due to lack of funds.
Distribution routes
The ways in which anime is distributed have also evolved. In addition to the traditional display of series on television, a separate sales area has appeared, called OVA (Original Video Animation, “animation for sale on video”). As the name suggests, OVAs were not shown on television, but were sold directly on videocassettes. The first known such creation is considered to be "Moon Base Dallos" (1983-1984) created under the direction of Mamoru Oshii. Many well-known TV series, "Patlabor", for example, started out as OVAs, but subsequently received television or film sequels. The emergence of OVAs is also associated with the emergence of the first complete pornographic anime, hentai, such as "Cream Lemon" (1984) - before that, their authors were constrained by the censorship of television and cinemas.
Computerization of anime
With the development of computer technology in anime, computer graphics are increasingly used. Recently, 3D animation inserts appear even in not too large-scale projects. There is an anime entirely created using these techniques. For example, "Gantz" (2004) combines 2D foreground characters with fully 3D environments, inheriting from the manga of the same name created in the same way.
After the incredible success of Evangelion in the 90s, many studios tried their hand at creating series that could become "classics" for fans of Japanese animation.
Fanservice
Another direction of development that has been actively used recently is fan service. Frames of erotic content are embedded in the video sequence of such an anime, or even the entire series is devoted to erotica, while maintaining a certain plot. This is done to attract various target audiences, i.e. to support the popularity of the series. Perhaps the director wants to show anime characters from the other side and somehow defuse or just diversify the situation. Quite often fanservice episodes are made as specials and released separately on DVD.
Sometimes anime is based on popular Japanese erotic video games in the dating sim genre, but such adaptations can also be quite serious works, such as "Kanon" 
The division of "animes"
All "animes" can be divided into several categories. Usually, the intervals between development from one stage to another take from one to several years. But usually ardent "animes" one way or another reach the last step. So try to evaluate yourself and decide for yourself at what stage of development you are:
1. When they ask for cartoons "like that ...", "something like that ...", i.e. they saw something, liked it and now they are looking for something similar. They don't even suspect that there are anime without Russian voice acting. Anime is usually stored on CDs or on a screw.
2. They begin to name themselves what to write down. they begin to read reviews, they listen to the advice of outsiders very much. If they advise the wrong thing (they said that it was a complete fly away, but in the end it was not worth watching), they may be disappointed in the anime. The vast majority of "attackers" are just in this category. they start watching anime with Russian subtitles and understand that there is a very bad voice acting, which is better to prefer subs. Anime on the screw does not fit.
3. Few people are listened to (advice like "Samurai Rules" is ignored), reviews are read, but not everyone is taken for granted. Distinguish between the concepts of genre and target audience, follow the latest. Can clearly express their own preferences. They start writing reviews or somehow try to contribute to the activities of the anime community (mostly only a few people decide on this). From Russian dubbing they twitch, many begin to learn Japanese (at least a couple of hundred words). Anime on a screw does not fit for a long time, on a shelf with disks too.
4. Reviews are practically not read. understand who writes them. They only listen to the opinion of a few people whose tastes are close to their own or whose tastes they at least understand. The "attackers" are treated condescendingly, they themselves do not forcibly shove anime to anyone. They can talk about directors, directions, successful seasons and not so much, and so on. Learn (already know) Japanese. despise not only the Russian voice acting, but also the majority of Russian subs. The list of watched anime exceeds all reasonable limits.
5. Complete psychos.
(This division is only approximate and does not attempt to infringe on anyone's rights)
Anime genres 
Like any creativity, anime has different facets and shades, which we will now consider.
Shounen anime.
By 1964, there was a canon of the so-called "anime for boys" - "shonen anime". Anime is designed for young people aged 12 to 16-18 years old. If you describe the plot very briefly, it will look like this: "another boy on the next big robot, saving another world." Speaking in more detail, such series show the story of growing up, and not an ordinary teenager (as the authors of the works like to emphasize in the annotations), but a very unusual one - as a rule, a young man / boy has obvious or hidden (but, of course, manifested) ) superpowers, which he uses .. for his intended purpose - to fight an alien invader, to protect his girlfriend / friends from vampire hooligans in a dark alley, etc. Moreover, as a rule, he saves mostly friends or the world as a whole - relationships with girls in shonen anime are shown very superficially, girls / girls are present in the series only as a friend. If we look ahead (regarding the chronology), then the most prominent representative of this category of anime can be called the epic about Gundams - large humanoid combat robots. Which, of course, is controlled by the same boy who saves another world. Irony aside, since 1979 (ie, almost 30 years), Sunrise has been telling the same story with new colors, and interest in this universe has not waned. Personally, MS Gundam SEED sunk into my soul, probably because it was released relatively recently, the rendering of the series is at a decent level, and the characters, of course, did not let us down either. By the way, it is Gundams that belong to the subspecies of shonen anime, even subspecies. The first subspecies is the genre of "fur" (from the English mechanism), in which the action takes place around those same "large humanoid robots", the second subspecies is "sentai" (lit., team / group), in which, as a rule, we are talking about a small , but a permanent team of characters fighting someone/something.
Shoujo anime.
It is logical to argue that where there is anime for boys, there should be anime for girls (age gradations are exactly the same as in boy anime). And in 1966, the Toei Animation studio released the first and incredibly successful anime series for girls (shojo anime) - "Mahou Tsukai Sally" ("Mahou Tsukai Sally", 1966-1968), based on the manga "Sled Witch" by Yokoyama Mitsuteru , which in turn was based on the American TV series Bewitched. And the name of the main character was changed due to discrepancies with the copyright of the company "Sony" ("Sony") to the trademark "Sunny". The shoujo anime shows the same coming-of-age story, but with a girl in the title role. As anime culture has evolved, complex romantic relationships between main and (not so) characters have become the norm in this subspecies of anime. "Witch Sally" is also a subspecies of shojo anime - "maho-shojo", from Japanese. mahou - magical, magical. The plot of such anime revolves around girls with some kind of magical abilities. As a rule, the girl / girl is either a hereditary sorceress (as in the case of Sally), or the circumstances are such that the girl / girl receives a magical artifact with which she can do good deeds, especially "in the name of the moon." I think that many of our compatriots, at least briefly, but saw an example of maho-shojo, which originally passed through the already deceased 2 * 2 TV channel - “Sailor Moon - Moon in a sailor suit”. The original series was called "Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon" and was released on TV in 1992, had many sequels, among which was even the so-called live-action movie (that is, a film in which live actors were filmed). Let's get back to shojo. However, despite the abundance of magical gadgets, the girls in such series continue to go to school, help their parents with the housework, and do their best to defend ordinary life from the villains, they want to be "simple schoolgirls." This is a very important educational moment, "education" is manifested in the fact that adolescents learn to see the unusual in the ordinary, to appreciate the merits of their everyday life. There is also an influence of traditional Japanese views on the role of a woman in the family and society, “from a young age” girls are instilled with the ideas of “a good wife, a caring mother”.
Spokon.
The stories of this anime tell about the adventures of young athletes, their friends and opponents. Actually, the very name of the genre consists of two words: “sport” and “willpower” (konjo).
Kodomo anime.
Anime intended for children. For example, we know v "Candy-Candy", "Maya the Bee", "Lulu - Angel of Flowers", "Grendiser", "Speed Racer". All these titles were transcribed by our translators, and in the original series the titles were as follows: Candy Candy, Mitsubachi Maaya no Boken, Moon Moon Flower Girl, UFO Robo Grandizer, Mach Go Go Go. As you can see, the names were very often adjusted to our consumer, this is especially noticeable in the translation of the same "Sailor Moon", which already got it from American censorship (namely, this version was played at one time on our channels).
Dobutsu.
Translated from Japanese as "fluffy". Anime of this genre tells about humanoid "fluffy" creatures. A sign of the genre is “whiskers, paws and tail” :) Ie. characters, in principle, looking like people, have the above advantages.
Hentai.
Just because of this genre, anime is not exclusively cartoons for kids. The name of the genre is very telling and is translated from Japanese as "perverted / deviation". If on the fingers and for everyone to understand, then this is drawn pornography. However, after all, every rule has its exceptions, and so they also exist in hentai. As a rule, this refers to anime that is at the junction between hentai and other genres. For example, the infamous “Kite the Killer Girl” is not only a bed-violent scene, but also a social drama. In some cases, the drama (I'm not just talking about Kite) is far-fetched and the main characters could choose a different way to solve their problems than giving themselves to anyone, but on the other hand, the mentality of the Japanese and the twistedness of their thinking has not yet been canceled. In the case of purely hentai, the following points/extremes should be noted. The first extreme: only still emerging schoolgirls, with whom various bad personalities do whatever they can. As you know, in Japan there is a kind of perversion as an addiction of adult men to very young girls / girls (however, this, in principle, is observed everywhere, but it has turned to the other extreme in Japan), so more mature women try to “rejuvenate” through putting on your old school uniform. Brrrr, I hope that this "transformation" occurs only alone with a partner. The other extreme is hypertrophied secondary female sexual characteristics. Hypertrophy in men is also present, but less. In a sane person, at the sight of this “beauty”, other than nervous laughter, there is no other reaction. It should be noted that the seiyuu in this case “pulls out” the work, because the only "real" here is the voice of the actor/actress, which is the only one able to evoke certain emotions and reactions. In fact, it's not a two-dimensional picture that will inflame the imagination of teenagers and adults?;) Hentai is followed by subspecies of shojo and shonen anime - yuri and yaoi. The first, yuri, talks about women's homosexual relationships, and yaoi, respectively, about men's. Moreover, as a rule, yaoi fans are girls, and yuri are young people. Similarly, there is a different "color". I can’t give examples of terry yaoi and yuri, but something of an average level is very even. One example for both categories would be the same Sailor Moon. Yes Yes! It is she. For those who have watched the epic, especially without American censorship (which further misled our translators), Zoisite's relationship with Kunzite clearly goes beyond a boss-subordinate relationship, and Haruka and Michiru clearly mean more to each other than just classmates and girlfriends. . Another well-known yuri anime is Revolutionary Girl Utena (Shoujo Kakumei Utena), and in Gravitation, it smells a little like yaoi.
Of course, anime also touches on such more familiar genres as fantasy and space opera, cyberpunk (including steampunk) and mysticism. Their features are widely known from films and literary works of the same categories, so we will not dwell on them further. 
Since then, year after year, more and more works have appeared, new genres and new varieties of fan service have emerged. And as a result, after 108 years, we got what we have.
But what anime of the last century can rightfully be considered the most influential? What works became the founders of genres, trendsetters, pioneers of clichés and pioneers of clichés? Which animated films and series have had the greatest impact on creators and viewers during the development of Japanese cinema? You will find the answers to these questions in our today's top. But, before we start, let's, as always, talk about the formalities.
First: it is impossible to determine which anime is the most significant to a greater extent than the others presented here. Therefore, the top positions are distributed not by rating, but by by year of publication.
Second: since this top is called “ 12 most important anime in history”, then creations are presented here, quite ancient, which came out in the interval from 1907 on 1999 of the year.
Now we are ready to start our top 12 historical anime.
Kitayama Seitaro - one of the creators of the first professional Japanese animation
This short film, lasting only 5 minutes, is considered the very first professional Japanese animation. Its creators, pioneers of Japanese cinema art - artist Kitayama Seitaro and mangaka Oten Shimokawa. To date, the tape has been lost, so no one can say for sure what the first professional anime in the world was about.
What contribution did this short film make to the development of Japanese animation? Well, after it, many aspiring authors believed in themselves and wanted to "do something like that." So, we can say that this work is the starting point for the development of anime.
This anime has a lot to offer. It is the first color animated film in Japan. This is the first Japanese animated film shown in the US. It is the first anime to win foreign awards at the Venice Children's Film Festival in Italy in 1959. But the main thing is not even that. The biggest merit of the film is that it had a huge impact on the graduating student Hayao Miyazaki. Yes, yes, to that very eminent Japanese director whose works reconcile fans of Japanese animation with its haters. Do not go out at the right time The Legend of the White Snake for rent - and we will not see today either " Spirited Away', nor ' Totoro', nor ' moving castle", nor other creations of the studio ghibli.
The merit of this work over other anime cannot be overestimated. In fact, it was after Astroboy that the TV series.
Although Astro Boy was not the first anime series in history (this honor was given to " Otogi Studio Picture Calendar"), it became the first commercially successful work of Japanese creators. This anime made it to the top 100 animated series list. IGN as the first popular television anime series. Looking at its success, other animators decided that the creation of series is a much more rewarding business than feature films. And they weren't wrong.
The importance of this anime will be appreciated by those who watched in childhood Sailor Moon and enjoyed the show.
The fact is that Witch Sally- the first in the history of the anime genre maho-shoujo. It is it, along with the later series " Akko-chan's secret"("Himitsu no Akko-chan", 1969-1970) laid the foundation for the characteristic features of the genre:
- The heroine must keep her magical abilities a secret. If she reveals the secret, she will be punished.
- When the heroine uses magic, she needs her magic phrase and an enchanted item, such as a wand. (Sally's magic phrase: " Mahariku Maharita Yanparayan” has been used more than once in many parody and comedy anime).
- A magical servant accompanies the heroine in the ordinary world. Quite often, this is an ordinary animal (for example, a cat).
- Two characters - one feminine, and the other looking like a girl - act as close friends of the main character.
This anime is significant not so much for the Japanese history of animation (although this is the first serious work, in the creation of which he took part Hayao Miyazaki), how much for Russian (or rather, Soviet) anime fans, because this is the first anime shown in the USSR. Immediately after the release of the Ghost Ship, the first fans of Japanese animation began to appear in the Soviet Union.
If the word " hentai"- not an empty sound for you, then you are able to appreciate the contribution of this anime to the development of Japanese animation. The fact is that Tales of 1001 Nights- the first ever erotic anime. Of course, before this work, there were other attempts to depict sexual intercourse in the form of animation. Creation was supposed to be the first hentai Hakusana Kimura « Refreshing ship", which was filmed in 1932 year. However, at that time, the Japanese government (and most viewers, too) was not yet ready for the emergence of erotic cartoons. That is why the Refreshing Ship was never completed, due to the fact that the police raided its creators and confiscated the hentai.
And so, 37
years later, the first animated erotica was presented to the public, and the public accepted it gratefully. The audience was not embarrassed by either the immorality or frankness of the first hentai, although it depicted not just sexual intercourse between a man and a woman, but also between a woman and a woman, and a man and a crocodile. 
We couldn't help mentioning this anime, not only because it's the longest-running animated series in the world (it currently has a little less 7 thousand episodes), which is still ongoing, but also because it is the first work created by woman. original manga author Machiko Hasegawa, proved to everyone that anime and manga are not only for men.
If you know what is transformers"... although, what am I talking about ... you know what "Transformers" is. But do you know the history behind the creation of this sensational franchise? Transformers owe their appearance to the genre fur, which in turn owes its popularity to the anime series Mazinger Z, released in 1972 year.
Again, this was not the first work of its kind, but it was it that attracted the attention of fans and laid the foundations of the genre. Mazinger Z is now considered the golden classic of giant humanoid anime, and many old-school fans are nostalgic for it to this day.
I don't think much needs to be said here. If you have been watching anime for more than a year, then you know about this series and evaluate its contribution to history quite realistically.
Manga Akira Toriyama and the anime based on it really did a lot for the development of Japanese animation and comics. In particular, they significantly influenced the genre " shonen».
In the 80s and 90s of the last century, anime became quite common outside of Japan. However, the Western audience was still wary of the products of the Land of the Rising Sun. But everything changed with the release of 1988 th year of full-length anime " Akira". This is the creation of a little-known director at that time. Otomo Katsuhimo, made a splash among Western viewers. Fans appreciated the complex and captivating storyline, as well as the advanced art and computer-generated special effects. So, Akira became the first anime popular in the West more than in Japan.
You may have met the names of some of the works from our today's top for the first time, but about War Beauty Sailor Moon you've probably heard. This popular series to this day has played an important role not only in the development of anime, but also animation in general.
It is his stunning triumph that owes its appearance to such famous non-Japanese franchises as Enchantress And Winx. After all, it was this anime that opened the universal formula for success among teenagers. It is enough just to take a small group of schoolgirls, give them some kind of cosmic superpower, give the main character a handsome guy and voila - your girl audience. Add to this a slightly sexy scene of their reincarnation, revealing outfits and really good battle scenes - and you will draw the attention of the guys to the product.
This formula is still popular today, as is the anime that discovered it.
Speaking about the merits of this anime over animation, you often do not know where to start. This is the first series in which the Japanese deeply touched on the religious themes of other countries. This is the first series that has torn to shreds all the templates of the genre and created new ones. This is the first series for which people are advised to prepare mentally and gather their courage (read the bible, for example). This is the first series, the ending of which was not understood by anyone (it is possible that the author himself too).
All this and much more reduces the merits of anime to the fact that after it the fashion began to bury the possible meaning of the work deeper. The authors realized that in some places it is possible to sacrifice the logic and adequacy of what is happening, the main thing is not to forget about symbolism. In this way, you can create a successful and profitable anime that will receive the status of "controversial" and will be discussed by fans many decades later. And whether the meaning of such an anime will really exist is a philosophical question.
Well, that's the end of our Top 12 most important anime in history. Perhaps he was initially slightly unfair, because any creation (no matter if it was successful or failed), one way or another influenced the development of Japanese animation and made anime the way we see it now. However, these 12 creations were definitely turning points in the history of anime.
Rising popularity, on the other hand, has given rise to the phenomenon of anime aimed solely at the otaku audience. After the incredible success of Evangelion in the 90s, many studios tried their hand at creating series that could become "classics" for fans of Japanese animation. Another direction of development that has been actively used recently is fan service. Frames of erotic content are embedded in the video sequence of such an anime, or even the entire series is devoted to erotica, while maintaining a certain plot. Examples of anime with a pronounced fan service of this kind are "Hot Summer" (2003) and "Hand Maid May" (2003). Sometimes anime is based on popular Japanese erotic video games in the "" genre, however, such adaptations can also be quite serious works, such as "" (2002).
Another variant of fan service is the mention of otaku culture in the series, in some cases, a demonstration of their "unusualness" and "detachment from the rest of the world." Originating back in the 1980s with Gainax's "Otaku no Video", the trend has been replenished in recent years with several worthy works, sometimes exploring otaku on a quite serious level. For example, "Genshiken" (2004) is entirely dedicated to the subculture of fans of Japanese entertainment products.
Another unusual phenomenon in recent years has been the Japanese animator Makoto Shinkai, who created his first short anime films She and Her Cat (1999, 5 min.) and "" (2002, 30 min.) alone or with the help of his friend. Having thus received public attention and funding, in 2004 he released a full-length one and a half hour film "" ("Beyond the Clouds, the Promised Place").
First anime
It is officially accepted that the very first anime in the world dates back to 1917. This animation was directed by Shimokawa Dekoten and the title of the tape was Suketchi no nyūarubamu (New Sketchbook). A year later, in 1918, his animation "Momotaro" was released. A little later, the animated film "Battles of the monkey and the crab" (Sarutokani notatakai) by Kitayama Seitaro appears. These two directors are considered to be the founders of the Japanese animation genre.
The first animated cartoons lasted no more than 5-6 minutes. They showed simple scenes from Japanese life, fairy tales or mythology. The tapes were created by lone animators who worked from their homes. The artists took into account the experience of animators from Europe and the States and eventually got the genre that can be seen today.
To date, the very first anime of the early twentieth century has been irretrievably lost. Only some information remains that these works were shown to the public and in cinemas, while collecting money. The very first animators worked from home, their work was simple and straightforward. Perhaps that is why they quickly won the favor of the public.
First studios
The very first anime was created by single enthusiasts, and the animators covered their costs by selling the rights to show in theaters. When they began to talk about anime as an independent genre, the companies Takamasa Eiga and Asagi Kinema joined in its formation, starting to actively engage in the development of this industry. The first studios, whose work was based on the creation and release of animated films, appeared in 1932 at the initiative of Masaoka Kenzo. The first studio was named after its founder, Masaoka Film Production. In 1933, this studio released its first work entitled "The Power and the Women of the World".
Formation of the genre
In 1958, animated films were an independent direction of Japanese animation. And at the end of the twentieth century they were officially recognized as an art form. At this time, such tapes as:
- "The Legend of the White Winter" by Taiji Yabusita. The film was released in 1958 with the support of the animation studio "Toei", the total duration of the tape was 1 hour and 19 minutes.
- Otogi Studio Calendar was recognized as the first anime documentary series. Its release lasted from 1961 to 1962. The director of the tape is the founder of the Otogi studio, Ryuichi Yokoyama.
The beginning of the anime boom in Japan dates back to 1963, when Oamu Tezuka, known as the "genius of manga", founded his own studio "Mushi Production" and presented the first series called "The Mighty Atom", or "Astro Fight".
The very first love
Anime in the 70s of the last century began to develop at an unprecedented rate. Everything changed - from drawing to genre. In the features of the images, more attention was paid to the eyes of the characters - they were made more and more expressive. If in the 60s they tried to make images natural, similar to a living person, then a decade later, animators improved the drawing of the eyes. This made it possible to more easily reveal the amplitude of the feelings and experiences of the main characters.
Not remained without attention and genre rasshuska. The works were intended not only for children, but also for adults. The first anime series touched on the themes of the daily life of studio workers. For children, the animation was not particularly interesting, but among teenagers and part of the adult population, she found her admirers. Even among older people, anime has become a second first love.
Over time, some studios began to form groups of authors who worked in a particular genre. For example, after the release of "Pure Romance" by Dean Studio, most of its creators were seen in the development of the anime "The Best First Love in the World." After the release of two seasons of this series, a feature film and an ovie, some creators began to work only with projects in the shonen-ai genre. This is explained by the long work on the anime "The Best First Love" or personal preferences - it is not known.
Outcome
When the very first anime in history was created remains a mystery. Someone believes that it was 1907, someone is sure that it happened in 1917. But no one excludes that the very first anime in the world could have appeared several years or decades earlier. To date, anime is confidently spreading around the world. You can find films of any genre, footage and age limit. For more than 100 years of anime existence, the drawing has noticeably changed, but in general it has remained the same as before - simple and understandable to everyone.