Starting this small study with the premium segment, you can ignore a few traditional exclamations on the topic “Is it possible that someone buying a car for 3-5 million will think about saving gasoline?”. Yes, it will be - many buyers value moderate consumption and an adequate cost of a monthly ration in their car. And therefore, to remember the unpretentious representatives of the "premium" is quite an urgent task.
However, they managed to remember very few of them - more precisely, only one. Of course, expect modern motors"German trio" or "Japanese deuce" of the possibility of consuming 92 gasoline would be overly optimistic. But even seemingly less demanding "Americans" like all Cadillac models and the vast majority of Jeeps want to see in their tank fuel with an octane rating of at least 91 according to the American standard - that is, the equivalent of Russian AI-95. Yes, yes, even "mammoths" like the Grand Cherokee, Escalade and Tahoe assume the presence of 95 in their huge tanks. The only exception is the Jeep Wrangler, which is ready to run on unleaded gasoline with a minimum research octane rating of 91.
Middle segment
In the middle segment of cars that allow you to save a couple of rubles per liter on gasoline, of course, more - here the class already allows you to have this characteristic among the competitive advantages. Nevertheless, no one particularly sticks out the ability of cars to digest 92nd gasoline - as a rule, you can find data on the type of fuel only in the operating instructions.
under the hood Ford Kuga"2016–present
For example, Ford has such data. The Fiesta, Kuga, EcoSport, Explorer and other manuals clearly state: use unleaded gasoline with an octane rating of at least 92. In the Mondeo manual available on the site, however, the American AKI standard with an octane rating of 87 is indicated - but it also corresponds exactly to "our » AI-92.
On the picture: Ford Fiesta "2017
At Honda, unlike many, the type of fuel used is registered directly on the site, among other technical characteristics. It seems that this was partly due to the fact that this fuel is AI-92. Regular gasoline is recommended for both Pilot and CR-V with both 2 and 2.4 liter engines.
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Pictured: Honda Pilot "2015–present and Honda CR-V"2016–present
Another Japanese manufacturer, Mitsubishi, also has "omnivorous" cars in its arsenal - however, only two. This is an age-old, but such and much more recent Outlander: they have the mark “AI-92” in the “Fuel type” column, while new Pajero Sport is no longer satisfied with this gasoline.
On the picture: Mitsubishi Pajero"2006–present Nissan has a similar situation: here, only in the description of the budget Almera, it is clearly stated that you need to fill in unleaded gasoline with an octane rating of 92. For everyone else petrol models“gasoline” is modestly indicated as the type of fuel, moreover, there are no operating manuals on the site, as well as clear recommendations in the brochures. A long search leads us to what logically follows from this uncertainty: all the rest Nissan models prefer 95th gasoline.
under the hood Nissan Almera"2012–present Toyota's situation is even more interesting. Here, the recommended type of fuel varies not only between models, but even within the same model equipped with several engines. So, Corolla with base engines of 1.4 and 1.6 liters can only be refueled with gasoline with an octane rating of 95 and higher, but the older 1.8-liter engine can also digest an octane rating of 91. This looks doubly interesting against the background of that the compression ratio in engines 1.6 and 1.8 is almost the same - 10.2 and 10, respectively. But the Camry has the opposite situation: younger engines of 2 and 2.5 liters digest the 92nd gasoline, while the V-shaped "six" requires the 95th. The situation is the same for Land Cruiser Prado: the 2.7-liter unit "eats" the 92nd, and the four-liter engine - the 95th. Well, off-road vehicles in the face of RAV 4 and Highlander, headed by the Land Cruiser 200, can consume "cheap" fuel in all gasoline versions. Concluding the conversation about Toyota, it is worth noting that it also saves money not only thanks to the hybrid transmission, but also due to the price of fuel.
With Hyundai, information on the recommended type of fuel is not so easy to find. Owner's manuals are not presented for all models, but even those that are, sometimes do not contain the necessary data. So, there is no information about the required fuel for Creta in the manual - but there is data, for example, for Elantra and i 30. Recommendations vary depending on the country of operation: in Europe, you need to refuel with 95th, and outside Europe, to achieve optimal performance, it is enough to use unleaded gasoline with an octane rating of RON (according to the research method) 91 / anti-knock index AKI 87 - in other words, our 92nd.
Compatriots from Kia are a little more open on the question of how to “feed” their cars: for Rio, the official website exhaustively lists “unleaded gasoline with an octane rating of at least 92”. For other models like cee 'd, Optima, Sportage, Venga and so on, you need to get to the owner's manual to see the same data as Hyundai.
On the picture: Kia Rio"2016–present Budget segment
We say " budget segment"- we mean" Lada»: domestic manufacturer confidently leads in terms of sales. Just as confidently, he points to technical specifications their vehicles fuel requirements. The only “disappointment”, perhaps, is that the most budget models do not use the most budget gasoline: Granta and Kalina, and at the same time 4x4, need at least 95th. But with Vesta and Xray, the situation is reversed: both new items from the Volga Automobile Plant are happy to accept a “cheap diet”. The situation with Largus is dual: with an eight-valve engine with 87 hp. he is content with AI-92, but a more powerful sixteen-valve unit with 102 hp. already requires AI-95. It is also curious that on Granta the same 87-horsepower engine, as we remember, consumes 95th gasoline, while in Largus it is reconfigured to 92nd.
On the picture: Lada XRAY"2015–present Another budget carmaker that is attentive to the issue of reducing the cost of ownership of its products is Ravon. There are no reservations here at all: any of the Uzbek cars of overseas origin from R2 to Gentra is ready to eat AI-92 all his life and not show any signs of discontent.
There are "exceptions to rule 95" and some Chinese manufacturers- for example, Lifan. So, the new Solano comrades drive on 95th gasoline, but the far from new Smily, coupled with Cebrium, is quite satisfied with the 92nd.
In the photo: Lifan 720 "2013–present Well, the logical “final chord” of the list is products Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant. It would be very strange to see 95th gasoline in the requirements for the content of the "veteran" Hunter - and, of course, it is not there. It is not in the specifications for other SUVs either: all UAZ gasoline products work successfully on the AI-92.
In the photo: UAZ Patriot "2016–present. Summing up
Looking at the list, it is easy to conclude that new cars capable of digesting 92nd gasoline are by no means the majority on the market. However, there is also plenty to choose from: if you drive a lot and are attentive to the issue of choosing a fuel, perhaps we have made it a little easier for you to find new car. In addition, it is worth remembering that forums dedicated to absolutely any brand are abundantly littered with topics like “92 or 95”, “Lew 92 and everything is fine”, “Lew 92, I regularly change candles / catalysts / pistons and I’m fine” and so on. . Heated discussions about the fact that “there is no 95th in Russia - it’s all 92nd with additives!” do not subside for a second, and therefore the final choice of the liquid poured into the tank, as always, remains with the owner.
The question of which gasoline is better for a car - 92 or 95, today is not only not rhetorical, but it can even be called inappropriate. Of course, the quality of fuel at Russian gas stations, as before, does not shine, this is especially felt in the outback, because control there is minimal, and anything is mixed into the fuel. However, the problem with quality refueling cars are not limited to this one at all. Some motorists drive an old car, while others drive a new one just bought at a car dealership.
It goes without saying that their engines prefer different fuels. If with new cars everything is more or less clear: refuel the fuel recommended by the automaker and drive calmly, then with used vehicles it's not all that clear cut.
Old cars may not have a book indicating technical recommendations, and secondly, the previous owner of the car could upgrade the power unit for a different type of gasoline or even convert it to gas.
How not to harm a high mileage engine
Which gasoline to choose for your car, 92 or 95, must be decided, of course, by the motorist himself. Someone tries to save money by refueling a car with 92, and someone manages to mix different types fuel or use additives. By the way, experts say that 80% of newfangled products are a marketing ploy and they can even harm the engine if used incorrectly. Therefore, with additives should be very careful. But still, it is important to know what is the difference between 92 and 95 gasoline, because ignorance of this can lead to unscheduled engine repairs.
These two are the most popular brands fuels, of course, have a significant difference. The first is the octane number. However, one should not think that the 92nd gasoline is bad, because there are such motorists who believe that the 95th quality is higher than the 92nd and it cannot harm power unit. However, in reality, the opposite is true, because higher fuel is usually based on the 92nd base by adding various kinds of additives to it to increase the isooctane number. It is for this reason that many experts consider 92nd gasoline to be much cleaner than its highest "brothers" 95th and 98th gasoline.
It is cleaner because it has fewer additives. The 95th is brought to the desired level by the tankers themselves, since it is cheaper for them to mix it than to buy the product directly from the refinery. Such a homemade product is very dangerous for the motor and can easily disable it.
Many, and not without reason, believe that it is necessary to strictly follow the recommendations of the manufacturers, which are reflected in the technical passport of the car. Why is it not recommended to break them? Let's try to find out.
If by technical passport the 95th gasoline is intended for the motor, then some, trying to save money, fill in the 92nd. Over time, this leads to a problem with the engine, and already, of course, through the fault of the car owner himself. According to the law of physics, the higher the octane, the lower the combustion temperature will be. combustible mixture. But when using low-octane fuel, the opposite happens.
This leads to the burnout of some parts and to a quick unscheduled partial or overhaul of the engine. So, if a car must be refueled only with 95th gasoline, then it is absolutely impossible to “feed” it with 92nd fuel, because this is fraught and one must be extremely careful.
And what can happen if the fuel is mixed?
This cannot be done, since neither the 92nd nor the 95th are completely mixed in the gas tank. A mixture of 95 + 92, as many believe, allows you to save money, but you should also remember that significant harm will be caused to the engine, especially if it is designed for 95th gasoline and higher. This will happen because this pair of gasoline types has different densities. The 92nd filled in a ratio of 50% to 50% will sink to the very bottom of the gas tank, and 95, on the contrary, will rise. So, until one type of fuel runs out, the second will remain in the tank. And again, we return to what has already been said above about the harmfulness of the 92nd fuel.
If the car is designed for 92-0th gasoline and higher, then the 95th can be refueled. The engine will not suffer from this.
Outcome
From the foregoing, it is clear that in such a question, what kind of fuel better car refuel, a huge role, as before, is played by subjective conditions. But to approach objectively, then it is better to pour "native" fuel into those units that are designed for 95th gasoline, and it is quite possible to fill in engines for 92nd fuel with a higher brand.
Many questions are often asked about what kind of fuel should be poured into cars.
As a rule, on inside the cap that closes the gas tank cap has a sticker that, in addition to the standard strict inscription Unleaded fuel only! (only unleaded gasoline!), also says that you should use Standard or Regular (depending on the country of sale) for conventional naturally aspirated engines and only Premium or Super for turbocharged models. The same inscriptions are also found in the instruction manuals attached to the cars.
But such terms in different countries denote different octane numbers of gasoline, and even the methodology for determining the octane numbers of gasoline fuels is different in different countries. There are two main methods for determining the octane number (OC) of gasoline: research (RON or ROI) and motor (MON or MOCH). However, for example, in the United States, an octane number is used, which is defined as the arithmetic mean between the octane number by the motor method and the research one. And in Russia - A-76 is standardized according to the motor method (OC is not standardized for it according to the research), and high-octane grades (AI-95 and AI-98) - according to the research! Thus, if, for example, we take the OC according to the motor method of the same 92nd and 95th, then you will get the number 85 in both cases (according to GOST 2084-77).
An even more confusing situation with verbal designations:
In the USA, for example, standard Regular gasoline has an octane rating of 87 (i.e. AI-90 in terms of Russian GOST), and Premium or Super - 92 or 93 (that is, not lower than Russian 98th in terms of). Moreover, the octane number in America is not written at all gas stations. There are also higher-octane Super gasolines - 94 and higher, but they are much less common.
In England, even standard gasoline (Standard or Premium) has an octane number of 95 RON (similar to our AI-95 - there the octane number is also determined by the research method). And Super in the same UK has an indicator of 98 RON (that is, close to our AI-98).
In Japan, regular regular gasoline is at least 89 RON (on average - 90.3 RON / 81.4 MON), and Premium or Super - at least 96 RON (on average - 99.8 RON / 88.1 MON), that is Super gasoline in Japan has an octane rating of 100!
According to the Japanese manual for non-turbo engines, it is recommended to use standard Regular gasoline, that is, an analogue of our AI-92, but for turbocharged models, only Premium is recommended (that is, closer to AI-98!).(link)
There is another interesting observation. If a car for the Japanese market is designed for Regular gasoline (in our opinion, AI-92), then a similar car for the European market (or bought from us through a dealer) is already designed for AI-95. For example, Nissan X-Trail or nissan bluebird Sylphi (Almera, Sunny). Another fact: Honda car Odyssey for Japanese market equipped with an F23A engine, which has a compression ratio of 9:1, and a similar car for the Singapore market (which focuses on European standards) is equipped with an F23Z4 engine with a compression ratio of 9.3:1. The higher compression ratio of the Singaporean indicates the use of higher octane gasoline.
The question of which gasoline is better to refuel with 92 or 95 does not look either rhetorical or inappropriate for the average domestic car owner. Of course, the quality of gasoline at Russian gas stations still leaves much to be desired, especially in the outback, where control is minimal, and as a result, anything can be mixed into the fuel (and then you clean my gas tank and clean the engine). But the problem with full and high-quality refueling of the car is not limited to this.
Some have rather old cars with mileage, others have brand new cars, just from the salon. Accordingly, the engines differ in nutritional preferences. And if everything is more or less clear with zero cars: fill in what is recommended by the manufacturer in the technical support, and the engine will live happily ever after, then with used cars, not everything is so simple.
Firstly, in older cars, the so-called books with technical recommendations may simply be absent, and secondly, the previous owner could have reconstructed the engine or adapted it for another type of fuel. No matter how much damage to the engine that has already passed more than tens of thousands of kilometers!
Which gasoline is better to refuel 92 or 95, of course, every motorist decides for himself. Some people try to save money by filling in the cheaper 92nd, and some even manage to mix different kinds fuel or add additives offered in a wide range by various manufacturers, promising almost the eighth wonder of the world that should happen to your engine when they are added.
By the way, according to real experts, 80 percent of newfangled products are advertising stunts and can even harm if used ineptly. So even an experienced motorist should be as careful as possible with this. And, besides, after all, it is necessary to know the main differences between 92 and 95, so that you do not have to unscheduledly repair the motor unit.
Main differences
These two most popular brands, of course, differ from each other. Well, first of all, the octane number. But don't think badly of '92, because some drivers think that '95 is of higher quality than '92 and won't be able to hit your engine on the sly. But it is not so. On the contrary, higher gasoline is usually made on the basis of a lower one by adding various additives to it that increase the octane number. That is why 92nd gasoline is considered by experts to be cleaner than its highest relatives (95th and 98th).
Roughly speaking, it's cleaner because there are fewer additives (although some gas stations do sell 92 made by additives). And bringing up to the level of the 95th tankers is cheaper than buying the corresponding product directly from the factory. So they mix it up, increasing the octane number. Moreover, this homemade product can be very dangerous for the engine and lead to its premature exit out of service.
If the 95th is intended for the engine according to the passport, then some strive to fill in the 92nd or a mixture of these two types in order to save money. In this case, over time, a problem arises for the motor, and already for purely physical reasons. According to the laws of this science of physics, the higher the octane number, the lower the temperature at which gasoline burns. And when using low-octane gasoline as fuel, the opposite happens. The temperature regime rises to indicators unplanned by the manufacturer.
This leads to the fact that some spare parts can simply burn out, because they are not designed for such executions (especially if refueling with reduced gasoline occurs more or less regularly). And then an unscheduled - partial or complete - repair of the engine is provided after a certain, not too long, time. So in cars that are clearly intended for the 95th and above, the use of the 92nd type of fuel is not categorically recommended. This is fraught, be careful and attentive.
What if you mix?
It is also impossible to interfere, according to experts, the 92nd and 95th, since they do not even completely mix in the tank. With a mix of 95 + 92, as many believe, there is a saving in price. But you can also cause some damage to your engine, designed for 95th and higher. This will happen because these two gasolines have different densities. If you fill them in a ratio of 50 to 50, then 92 will sink to the bottom of the tank, and 95 will rise up. That way you'll use one first, then the other - they almost won't mix! And again, we return to the above about the harm of the 92nd.
But if your car is designed for 92 and above, then, as experts say, you can pour 95 into the tank with peace of mind. This will not harm the engine, and perhaps even improve throttle response and speed. At least you will feel more confident when overtaking!
Only the one recommended by the factory that made your car. Its type is indicated in the booklet attached to the machine, as well as on reverse side fuel tank hatch. Experiments are not needed here: after all, each motor is calibrated for a certain grade of gasoline. And microprocessors and other electronic things are far from omnipotent: they will not force an engine designed for Premium to digest the low-octane Normal.
What will happen? With sharp accelerations and heavy loads, the knock sensor will constantly work out (whoever has it), and this leads to unstable engine operation - the car twitches and loses its dynamics. And if there is no knock sensor, then there may be problems with engine overheating and its premature wear, or even burnout of the cylinder block gasket, destruction of pistons and valves. In addition, fuel consumption will increase slightly.
Finally, the strongest argument is the guarantee! If you really started pouring the devil into the tank, and then came with complaints, then at the warranty service, if a dispute arises, they will take a sample of gasoline from the tank, after which, with a clear conscience, they will offer you paid repairs. And they will be right.
As a temporary measure, you can allow the use of the 92nd instead of the 95th - if there is no other at the gas station, but you have to go. But it's not worth the hassle. However, everything goes to the fact that the 92nd will not happen soon. And the talk about the fact that the 95th is always worse than the 92nd is fed up with me.
Should I use Ultimate type gasolines when regular ones are available?
I'm convinced it's worth it. I pour only Ultimate and other Ecto into my car. But not at all because someone's stupid advertising promised ten percent fuel savings - in practice this cannot be. It's just that gasolines with such prefixes in the name have an increased detergency and are constantly removed from fuel system all sorts of rubbish. We have repeatedly checked this in examinations - yes, it works! Therefore, if you take a dirty engine and start “washing” it with such fuel, then after a while it will really increase in power and become more economical. But in no case is it better than the same motor, which was already clean.
Is it worth using 98th gasoline to make the machine “fly”?
Even if you forget about the difference in price, it's still not worth it. Super gasolines have their own specific area of application - these are highly forced, supercharged engines that require high knock resistance of the fuel. And there is simply no need to pour such gasoline into an ordinary, ordinary engine. Moreover, with normal, regular adjustments, the consumption on the 98th will be greater, and in power you can most often lose. The fact is that the technology for obtaining the 98th is often based on the use of a sufficiently large additive of high-octane components with low calorific value - which means that the overall "caloric content" of the fuel will decrease.
Is it possible to calculate the lack of quality by the appearance of gasoline?
Not always. Normal factory gasoline, without excessive content of bad octane boosters, is either practically colorless or has a slightly yellowish or bluish color. But gasoline with a reddish tint should immediately alert. This color is given by metal-containing additives based on ferrocene or manganese. In addition, the excessive content of octane-boosting additives based on monomethylaniline (MMA) in gasoline produces a rich yellow color of gasoline and a sharp nauseating smell, which then cracks the head.
Do we sell imported gasoline?
Complex issue. Such things are usually not advertised. According to my information, Norwegian StatOil gasolines, as well as 98th Neste are imported to the North-West. But in any case, you need to understand that the machine will not become faster or more economical from them. The more gasoline is "sharpened" for the environment, the less attention is paid to efficiency - the combination does not work.
Why is it necessary to separate gasoline according to European standards and classes?
There are no gasolines according to European specification standards in Russia and never have been. The inscriptions "Euro" at individual gas stations are PR. The seller wants to call his product a big name - and call names. At least Euro-7, at least Pupkin's Gasoline. Unfortunately, this is his right. But in fact, in the Russian Federation, fuels are divided only by class. These norms are similar to European ones, and yet they are slightly different. A detailed comparison of the two documents was in ZR, 2013, No. 6.
The vehicle description requires fuel according to EN 228. Where can I get it?
There is no answer to this question. From a formal point of view, "Mazdovods", "Volvolyubs", "Shkodniks" and "Fordoveds" constantly violate the rules for operating their cars by pouring fuel that formally does not comply with these same EN 228. It remains to be hoped that our classes are no worse than their Euro. We constantly write about the reasons why a Russian cannot behave like a European. In fact, officials completely ruined the fuel quality control system.
What if the environmental classes of the car and fuel are different?
You can’t spoil porridge with oil: the use of fuel of a higher class than indicated in the PTS is absolutely safe. But the reverse replacement is permissible only as a necessary measure. True, Nissan experts believe that there will be no harm from several gas stations, but colleagues from the Dmitrovsky training ground shake their heads: they say, there is no need to play these games. Vazovtsy say that gasoline from the 3rd to the 5th grade can be poured into their cars.
Unfortunately, at many gas stations the class is not indicated at all. Nothing is written on the column, and not everyone wants to rummage through papers. Yes, and trust in these pieces of paper, in general, zero. For complacency, you can look at the paid check - is there at least something like “Class-4” indicated there? Well, for complete reassurance, I will quote a well-known St. Petersburg professor: “The motor briskly and confidently kills not someone else’s environmental class, and its composition. By the way, what distinguishes quality gasoline from bodyagi, with which it is easy to finish the game.
The simplest advice is this: fill up exclusively at branded gas stations - BP, Shell, Gazpromneft, Tatneft, Rosneft, Neste, Lukoil, etc. Bright signs, shops and other paraphernalia of civilization. It happens, of course, that at the same Lukoil it suddenly turns out that it is not Lukoil at all, but it is not clear who, since some LLC or OJSC issues a check, but in general these are exceptions. Beware of gas stations painted “under the company” and called almost the same - roughly speaking, not BP, but RV, or Likoil, not Lukoil. Never fill in junk, the cost of which is several rubles lower than at a nearby branded gas station. Once we bought such fuel for examination - the car stank through and through, and instead of the 95th, the disgusting 80th was in the canister ...