Periodically check the tension and condition of the fan drive belt and power steering pump, generator and engine cooling pump ZMZ-5143 on UAZ-315148. Replace drive belts if damaged or overstretched.
Do not tension the fan drive belt and power steering pump in the following sequence:
- Loosen the bolt securing the power steering pump, the roller nut and the lock nut of the adjusting unit. Turning the tension bolt, move the power steering pump to normal belt tension.
- Check the belt tension by applying a load of 8 kgf in the middle between the fan and pump pulleys, while the belt deflection should be 8-9 mm. Tighten the power steering pump fasteners, the roller nut and the lock nut of the adjusting assembly.
Replace the fan drive belt and power steering pump on UAZ-315148 in the following sequence:
- Loosen the bolt securing the power steering pump, the roller nut and the lock nut of the adjusting unit. Turn the tension bolt to loosen the belt tension.
Tension and replacement of the alternator belt and the cooling system pump on the UAZ-315148.
Tension the drive belt and the cooling system pump in the following order:
- Loosen the idler pulley bolt. Tightening the bolt that moves the roller, set the tension roller to a position that provides the required tension of the drive belt.
- Check the belt tension by applying a load of 8 kgf in the middle between the pulleys of the generator and the water pump, while the belt deflection should be 13-15 mm.
- Tighten the idler pulley mounting bolt on the axle.
Replace the drive belt of the generator and the pump of the system with the UAZ-315148 in the following sequence:
- Remove the fan drive belt and power steering pump.
- Remove the upper and lower casings of the injection pump drive belt.
- Remove the injection pump drive belt.
- Loosen the tensioner bolt on the axle.
- Unscrew the bolt for moving the tension roller, loosen the belt tension.
- Replace the belt and tension it as above.
- Tighten the tensioner bolt on the axle and install the injection pump drive belt and injection pump drive belt covers.
- Install the fan drive belt and power steering pump and tension it.
Welcome!
This part connects the alternator pulley to the crankshaft pulley and the water pump pulley on classic models. On front-wheel drive vehicles, the pump pulley ties the timing belt. A break in the alternator belt on the classic will cause poorly functioning devices, because the energy will come only from the battery, respectively, if the charge is poor, the devices will junk. On the contrary, if the battery is powerful and sufficiently charged, then for some time the devices will not go out and you may not even notice that the belt has broken. And here it is necessary to remember about the pump and pay attention to it, since the belt connects it, then the gap will stop the circulation of the coolant in the system and the machine will start to get very hot.
Note!
you will need the following tools: a mounting spatula (a convenient thick stick or a small metal scrap will do), wrenches will be needed for “17” and “19”.
Belt location
Located at the front of the car. In the photo, the red arrow shows the radiator of the cooling system and the bar on which the battery stands (now removed). The belt connecting the three pulleys is indicated in the photo with a blue arrow.
When to change the belt?
The main reason is wear: various kinds of cracks, worn edges, worn teeth. We do not recommend tightening with the replacement of the belt, otherwise the gap will lead to overheating of the engine and even boiling during extreme heat. The battery will quickly discharge in the absence of support from the generator, which will stop spinning and giving energy.
Note!
Have you ever heard a car whistle? The timing belt makes a sound, it occurs for various reasons:
- severe wear often leads to whistling;
- water or any liquid getting on it (for example, coolant gets on the belt when the pipes of the cooling system are worn out, leaking. Inspection of the belt and pulleys for moisture will help to recognize the problem);
- weak belt tension (adjustment will come to the rescue, read below);
- poor quality of the belt, there is a straight oak belt (by the way, it hardens in frost).
Most cars in the winter season make a whistle when starting the motor, and a warm car no longer whistles - a sign of a hardened belt.
The video below can help you emergency: if the belt suddenly breaks on the road, and there is no spare one, an ordinary belt or tie will come to your aid! Watch the video in detail and shake your head, you never know, anything in life will come in handy.
We change the belt on the VAZ 2101-VAZ 2107
Withdrawal
Note!
Withdrawal battery facilitate access to the belt. The process is described in the article: "Replacing the battery on cars".
Rate appearance belt. In case of good condition, check the tension, tighten it if necessary. It is easy to check: squeeze the belt with your fingers with a force of 10 kg anywhere. Either in place "A" the distance that the belt should bend is 10-15 mm, or in place "B" 12-17 mm (see picture).
Note!
It is more convenient to press and check the deflection at point "A". Any deviation from the norm requires tightening the belt. Remember, do not remove the belt from the pulleys unless you are going to replace it!
Move to the lower car part and unscrew the lower alternator nut one turn (see small photo), get out from under the car and go to engine compartment. Loosen the nut of the upper fastening of the generator for one or two turns (red arrow in the photo), an extension cord with universal joint and a socket head (tools are indicated by a blue arrow). Loosen through the battery installation strap.
Note!
The upper nut that secures the generator to the bar is twisted differently for everyone, so as soon as you feel that the nut goes easily (look, do not unscrew it completely), then immediately stop unscrewing it!
We proceed directly to changing the belt. Move the alternator towards the engine with your hands and remove the belt. If you just need to adjust, then insert a mounting blade between the engine and between the generator itself (see photo below), and using the blade as a lever, move the generator away from the engine. Holding the spatula in this position, tighten the upper nut securing the generator to the bar and the lower one too. Release the blade and remove it, check the belt tension and, if necessary, repeat the operation (if the tension is not within the norm).
Installation
First, install the belt on the crankshaft pulley. In the image above, see the pulley is indicated by the number 3, the generator pulley by the number 2 and the pump pulley by the number 1. Move the generator to the engine to the end, if it is shifted, but the belt is still not installed, then gently turn the pump pulley (upper) by hand, or at the extreme In this case, ask an assistant to use the crooked starter to rotate the pulley a little, and at this time you put the belt on the top pulley of the pump.
Note!
We attach a video about adjusting the belt tension, enjoy watching!
On the car engine mounted attachments (generator, air conditioning compressor), driven by a V-ribbed belt. Over time, the product wears out and cracks, which can lead to rupture. The need to change the alternator belt on your own may arise if the trouble happened on the road and away from the service.
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When should the alternator belt be changed?
The frequency of replacing the drive belt of the electric generator is indicated in the vehicle maintenance instructions. It should be remembered that the period on the same machine supplied to different markets may differ. This is due to different climatic conditions and dust content of the air, which additionally destroy the material of the product.
For example, Volvo recommends that an initial change be made after 80,000 km of run, and each subsequent change is carried out after 60,000 km. At the same time, the belt changes on a car from the European market every 180 thousand km. On VAZ cars, the product rarely serves more than 30 thousand kilometers.
A typical sign of a stretched belt is a whistle that occurs when starting the engine or after driving through a puddle. The source of the sound is the material of the strap sliding over the surface of the pulley. Usually the whistle disappears quickly and occurs again when the engine is started or after another puddle. In this case, the owner needs to check the belt tension and try to bring it up to the standard.
Worn belt (right)
What affects wear?
Factors affecting the resource of the drive belt:
- Product operating conditions. The ingress of dust, abrasives or chemicals will significantly reduce the life of the strap. Long-term operation at low air temperatures negatively affects the material.
- Pulley condition. The appearance of beats or deformations leads to the destruction of the tracks and edges of the belt.
- Tension. With a reduced or excessive tension, the belt wears out at an accelerated rate.
- Belt release date. Rubber is subject to aging, so the strap may break when in storage in the packaging. Violations of storage rules have an additional negative impact.
- Belt manufacturer. There are products made by small companies from low-quality materials. Such straps can collapse after several thousand kilometers.
Signs of belt wear and product replacement are shown in a video shot by the author Vladimir Bazekin.
How to check the belt?
The condition of the belt should be checked not only when a whistle appears, but also periodically. Most car manufacturers recommend a visual check of the condition of the strap and tension every 6 months or 25 thousand kilometers. It does not matter if the car is being used or parked.
Approximate check sequence:
- Open the car hood. located on the side of the crankshaft pulley. It is necessary to check the condition and tension carefully, keeping your hands away from the cooling system fans. This is due to the fact that the fan can start at any time, even on a cold engine.
- Checking the visual condition is done by turning the inside of the belt to the light. Cracks, abrasion and delamination of the product are unacceptable. If damage occurs in a small area, the belt is considered unsuitable for further use. The element is pulled by scrolling the crankshaft behind the central nut.
- The tension is checked by measuring the deflection under a load of 10 kg. With a distance between the axes of the pulleys up to 300 mm, the deflection arrow should be 6 mm. With a distance between the axes within 300-450 mm, a deflection of 12 mm is allowed.
You can check the tension of the alternator belt by applying the maximum load, that is, by turning on all energy consumers, except for the starter. If the whistle does not occur, then the tension is sufficient.
How to tighten the belt
If there are no cracks or tears on the surface of the belt, then you can try to tighten it. The same procedure applies to machines. Russian production and foreign cars equipped with a mechanical manual tensioner, which is often the generator itself. The belt is tensioned until it stops slipping on the pulleys. At the same time, the motorist must remember that excessive tightness loads and disables them.
If the tension of the strap does not allow normal operation the part must be replaced. It is forbidden to install spacers under the tension rollers, which will allow you to choose an excessive length of the belt.
Instructions for replacing the drive belt
Replacing the alternator drive belt is not a problem for most motorists. After removing the worn strap, it is recommended to inspect the wear pattern. If it has damage to the edges and the contact part, then this may indicate misalignment of the pulleys. In this case, you need to find the damaged element and replace it. Installing a new belt on a damaged pulley is pointless as the rubber will be quickly worn down by the sharp edges. When replacing the strap, you must follow the sequence of steps recommended by the vehicle manufacturer.
When replacing the alternator drive belt, it may be necessary to install a new idler and associated fasteners. Information on the list of parts to be replaced can be obtained in the instructions for the repair and operation of the car.
What will be needed for replacement?
Before changing the alternator belt, you will need to prepare a set of tools and materials (the maximum list is given):
- wrenches and heads;
- new belt and tension roller;
- rod for fixing the roller;
- mounting blade for removing the belt;
- protective gloves;
- a sheet of paper and a pencil for drawing the installation diagram.
A new non-original drive belt may be several millimeters longer than the standard product. The difference in length will be compensated by the tensioner.
Scheme
Installing a belt on engines with two or three pulleys is not difficult. The situation changes when the belt is installed on a motor equipped with a large number of pulleys. In this case, it is recommended to draw a product installation diagram. Such an event will speed up the installation process and avoid errors.
An example of laying a belt on a Chevrolet Cobalt Circuit designations:
- 1 - crankshaft pulley;
- 2 - generator pulley;
- 3 - guide roller;
- 4 - air conditioning compressor clutch;
- 5 - pump pulley and additional booster pump drive pulley;
- 6 - belt;
- 7 - tension roller.
Action algorithm
The procedure differs depending on the design of the engine and the number of attachments. Below are step by step instructions replacing belts on common vehicles. On others vehicles the operation takes place according to a similar technology.
By car VAZ Granta
You can replace the belt on a VAZ Grant car without a tensioner according to the algorithm:
- Cut off the old strap with a knife.
- Turn the alternator mounting bolt from below by 3-4 turns.
- Loosen the upper fixing bolt completely and remove it from the hole.
- Push the alternator forward until the mounting eye is behind the bracket.
- Secure the mechanism with wire or otherwise.
- Put the belt on the alternator pulley and the upper part of the crankshaft pulley. Some car owners use an additional device that holds the strap on the device during donning.
- Turn the motor shaft with a wrench to fully fit the belt.
- Fix the generator in place. Check the operation of the units with a full load of the generator and various crankshaft speeds.
On Kia Seed
You can change the alternator belt as follows:
- Unscrew the fixing bolt located on the top of the generator.
- Raise the latch up, removing the bolt from the guide groove.
- Rotate the device with respect to the lower bolt. If the mount is “sticky”, then the generator turns with light hammer blows applied through a wooden block.
- Remove worn belt and pressure roller.
- After that, it is necessary to mount a new roller, and only then you can put on the belt.
- Tighten the strap according to the instructions in the user manual. Check the operation of the unit, if a whistle appears, slightly increase the tightness.
For Volkswagen Polo Sedan
An example of replacing a belt on a Volkswagen Polo Sedan engine equipped with an automatic tensioner:
- Loosen the belt tension by releasing the idler pulley fixing bolt. Nut size 16 mm.
- Turn the roller mounting bracket counterclockwise. Turning takes place with effort, as the tension spring is compressed.
- Carefully remove the belt from the crankshaft pulleys and drive units.
- Remove the roller with a 16 mm head inserted into the recess under the generator. If the tension roller does not change, then it is fixed in the spin position with a metal rod inserted into the hole in the housing.
- Put the belt on the pulleys, then carefully release the tension roller. The tensioner automatically adjusts the tension level of the product.
Video "Maintenance and replacement of the alternator belt"
Maintenance and replacement of the alternator belt is shown in the video tutorial filmed by the avto-blogger channel. ru.
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For supply electrical systems car energy in each car there are two power sources - a DC battery and a three-phase alternator equipped with a powerful rectifier bridge. But in order for the latter to start producing current, it must be made to spin. This is done with the engine running using the crankshaft and belt. Often the latter requires replacement.
Belt drive: advantages and disadvantages
The belt drive of the generator belongs to the gears, which are called flexible links. The drive includes two pulleys - the leading one is mounted on the end of the crankshaft, the driven one is mounted on the generator shaft, as well as a belt thrown over them. The transfer of torque is carried out due to friction forces.
Types of alternator belts
Since different brands of cars have different types of engines, three types of alternator belts are used in them:
- wedge (in cross section they are trapezoid-shaped, capable of transmitting significant forces, withstand large overloads);
- poly-wedge (wide, with longitudinal grooves, have reverse flexibility and are used to transmit rotation to several devices);
- jagged (for inside have transverse grooves and are endowed with the ability to accurately observe the gear ratio).
Separate belt drive powerful 3-phase generator of modern passenger car- this is a multi-ribbed belt, consisting of many longitudinal wedge-shaped teeth located on the inside of a flat endless base. The main condition for the stable operation of the generator belt is the mandatory presence of a tensioner. It acts as a tension roller or the generator itself.
Poly V-belt transmission has both advantages and disadvantages.
Advantages
- low weight and small thickness allow the belt to be used in drives of engines with a high number of revolutions;
- increased reverse flexibility allows you to simultaneously transfer rotation to the hydraulic booster, water pump, generator, air conditioning compressor;
- has increased resistance to cracking;
- protects the generator from shock and peak loads during engine start and stop;
- protects the generator from overload, due to slipping of the belt in the pulleys;
- stable torque transmission with a significant distance between the crankshaft and generator pulleys;
- simplicity of design;
- smooth and silent operation;
- no type of lubrication is required;
- low cost combined with a long service life.
Flaws
- the ends of the shafts with pulleys and thrust bearings are under the influence of decent forces that occur with high tension;
- in the event of large loads, there is a strong wear of the side surfaces due to slippage;
- service life depends on the correct tension;
- the mechanism cannot work normally if oil gets on it, so protection from any type of lubricant is required.
The design and material of the alternator belt
V-belt consists of 5 layers
The product must have the following characteristics:
- high strength with significant load fluctuations;
- good wear resistance;
- the maximum coefficient of adhesion to the working surfaces of the pulleys;
- be flexible but rigid.
Poly V-belt consists of the following layers
The generator drive is made in the form of an endless flat belt, on the inner surface of which there are longitudinal wedge-shaped ribs. This design combines the elasticity of a flat and the increased traction of a V-belt. The basis is a cord reinforced layer of synthetic cords covered with a rubberized fabric made of high-strength rubber. This design is practically not subject to stretching.
When to change the alternator belt
Modern technologies make it possible to produce a generator belt so durable that it is able to work flawlessly for a long time - several tens of thousands of runs. Many manufacturers set a standard for mandatory replacement of the alternator belt at 80-100 thousand kilometers. But there should be control over the state of this important element of the generator drive. Common practice: visual inspection for cracks and frayed edges when sustained whistling occurs. Burrs and misalignment on the pulleys, as well as improper tension, lead to premature damage. A break will be signaled by two control lights. The first is about the lack of battery charging. The second is about a sharp increase in the temperature of the coolant (for example, on the classics, a water pump and a generator work from one consumable).
What to do if it broke
Broken alternator belt
If the belt breaks on the road, and there is no spare, the situation will be quite serious. It is especially difficult at night. You can only move in tow with the engine turned off, which is very dangerous. If during the day, you can drive a short distance on the battery by turning off all unnecessary sources of current consumption: light, radio, stove, navigator and other devices. In a hopeless situation, you can try to use improvised means:
- cut the torn one in half lengthwise, fold the halves together and make a circle of the desired length, wrap both halves with strong twine;
- waist belt, the ends of which are fastened with wire;
- women's tights, tie the ends with a tight knot;
- strong rope, wrap the ends with strong twine;
- tourniquet of car camera, wrap the ends with twine or wire.
How to choose the right one
If the belt began to collapse from prolonged use or heavy wear, it must be changed immediately. The main criterion is the length, which can be found from the catalog, knowing Catalogue number details of this brand of car and its equipment. For example, the length for the VAZ 2110–2112 brand is different for different models:
- for 8 and 16 valve engines, including those of Priora, with a minimum configuration - the length is 742 mm;
- for 16 valve engine with hydraulic booster - 1115 mm;
- for models equipped with air conditioning - 1125 mm.
The marking is applied to the outer side of the belt
You can learn about the length from the marking that is applied to the outer surface. It is recommended to buy an original product from the manufacturer whose products are used to complete the car on the assembly line.
Manufacturers of V-ribbed alternator belts
V-ribbed alternator belt GATES
American Firm GATES and its products are the best known among all multi V-belt manufacturers. GATES spare parts are supplied to the assembly lines of cars and trucks Italy, France, Germany, Sweden, Japan, Korea, USA and other countries. Her belts are of high quality, durable, but quite expensive. This brand is most often counterfeited by unscrupulous manufacturers of low-quality consumables.
german firm Continenta l is also well known for the quality of its products.
german Bosch has an excellent reputation in the world for many products, including V-ribbed belts.
American company DAYCO occupies the 2nd place in the belt market and supplies its products to assembly lines automobile concerns Italy, France, Germany and other countries. Original DAYCO products are trusted by consumers not only among motorists in European countries, but also in the USA, Asia, and Africa.
PJSC BalakovoRezinoTechnika- Russian manufacturer of original rubber products for VAZ, GAZ and KamAZ conveyors. Owners of LADA, Volga, Gazelle and other domestic brands willingly buy its products for generators.
Do-it-yourself alternator belt replacement
An experienced driver always carries a spare part of the right size and type. Easy to change if available. essential tool and minimal locksmith skills.
Video: Replacing the belt and roller for Renault Megane 2
Procedure (replacement is made on idle engine and removed battery terminal) as follows:
- provide access to the belt, for which it may be necessary to remove front wheel, engine mudguard, and for some brands - crankcase protection; injection engine it is necessary to remove the crankshaft position sensor;
- loosen the belt tension, for which loosen the bolt (or nut) of the tension roller or the generator itself;
- fix in memory the layout of the belt if it activates several devices at the same time;
- you need to remove the old belt from the topmost pulley, then compare it with the new one - they should be identical (there should be no discrepancy in profile and length);
- find out the cause of belt damage and eliminate it;
- to put a new belt in place, you need to start with the crankshaft pulley, then we throw it on the generator and last of all on the water pump; then you need to adjust the degree of tension (when pressing with a finger with a force of 10 kg, the sag should not exceed 10 mm);
- put the battery terminal in place, start the engine and turn on the headlights, stove, air conditioner and other powerful current consumers (there should be no whistling, knocking, noise; the headlights should shine evenly at any speed);
- put in place the parts that were removed at the beginning.
Video: Checking and replacing engine aggregate belts
Signs of an incorrect replacement
If the belt is pulled, then the load on the bearings of the generator shaft will increase, and it will begin to slow down the shaft. The force to rotate the generator will increase, the load on crankshaft more, fuel consumption will increase.
If it is not fully tensioned, it will begin to slip and the generator will rotate at a lower speed. Under heavy load, the slipping part starts to whistle. Getting rid of the whistle is easy - you just need to tighten the belt.
If it rotates on misaligned or twisted pulleys, then vibration occurs due to the beating of the pulley. It can also be caused by bad bearings in tension roller or a generator. A low-quality cheap belt can also vibrate when it starts to stick to the surface of the pulley. If the vibration is not eliminated, the consumable will break very quickly.
Video: Cold noise and belt vibration
Independent replacement of the alternator belt is a simple matter, feasible even for a novice motorist. If everything is done in a timely manner, slowly, carefully, there should be no harmful consequences for the car.