The gas distribution mechanism is one of the most important engine systems. internal combustion. The timing belt controls the valves of the engine, carrying out the normal functioning of the intake and exhaust. During intake fuel-air mixture enters the combustion chambers as a result of the opening of the intake valve. The next phase opens the exhaust valve, and the gas distribution mechanism removes exhaust gases from the combustion chamber. The VAZ 2190 uses a standard gas distribution unit, which differs only in the number of engine valves.
Timing characteristics of Lada Grants
Gas distribution mechanism Lada Granta has a belt drive. Such a device is familiar to motorists for a long time. After all, the timing design migrated from the VAZ 2108 engine, which became the basis for all subsequent modifications power plants VAZ. Two types of engines are installed on the Grant: an 8-valve engine and a 16-valve engine. Gas distribution system 16-valve power unit has a complex device and increased dimensions compared to the 8-valve. Accordingly, replacing the timing belt Grants becomes more difficult.
The main feature of the 16-valve device is the presence of two camshafts operating synchronously, in parallel with crankshaft. The design is located in the cylinder head. All three shafts are synchronized by means of a toothed belt. Main disadvantage timing belt transmission in the unreliability of the belt itself. During its break or when jumping, the valves meet the pistons and bend. The structure of the 16-valve timing is clearly shown in the photo.
16-valve unit
- Mounting mark on the drive cover.
- Lid.
- Intake camshaft pulley.
- Phase disk (sensor).
- TDC mark on camshaft.
- Release camshaft pulley.
- Support roller.
- Roller tensioner.
- Drive belt.
- Pump pulley (coolant pump).
- Mounting mark on the oil pump.
- Crankshaft alignment mark.
- Crankshaft pulley.
The timing kit can be changed by hand. The main thing is to know about the presence and correct placement of installation marks. By the way, most foreign cars are devoid of such marks, so in this case, VAZ cars have an advantage.
The eight-valve timing drive of Lada Grants, in comparison with previous modifications of the car, looks simpler. The scheme is simple, because there is no bypass roller and there is only one camshaft. You can clearly see the timing device for 8 valves in the photo.
If there are doubts about own forces, you do not need to try to replace the timing belt with your own hands, as you can do even more harm. In addition, in a car service, such a procedure performed on an 8-valve engine is inexpensive. But in the case of a 16-valve engine, the price tag is usually much higher.
Replacing the timing belt on a 16-valve engine Grants
Access to the drive of the gas distribution device is closed by a plastic casing. To remove the cover, you need to unscrew the five screws with a 5 hex wrench. Pay special attention to the location of these screws. In the photo, number 1 shows the fixing screws of the top cover, and number 2 shows the screws for fixing the bottom cover. After loosening the five screws top cover must be lifted and removed from the engine.
If the car has manual transmission, you need to turn on the fifth speed, hang out the right front wheel and twist it clockwise. At the same time, it is required to inspect the belt for cracks, scuffs, delaminations, etc. If the vehicle is equipped automatic transmission, you need to remove the right front wheel and boot (protective shield) on the right. Head 17 rotates the bolt of the drive pulley for additional equipment(air conditioner, generator) and the belt is inspected. If various defects and damages of the belt are diagnosed, it must be urgently replaced. Replacement will also be required in case of detection of oil leaks, a malfunction of the water pump and the tensioner roller.
On a 16-valve engine, a broken belt drive will lead to a discrepancy in the angular arrangement of the crankshaft and camshafts. As a result, the piston group will contact the valves. As a result, repairs will be required.
According to the experts who repair these car models, the work should be done no later than the interval from 50 to 60 thousand, due to the presence of intermediate rollers in the drive, which can collapse from intense loads, especially since the whole process is quite simple, it is enough to purchase high-quality spare parts and necessary tools.
List of new parts and required tools
The gas distribution mechanism is one of the most important parts of the engine and the long trouble-free life of its parts depends on their quality, for this reason, the automaker strongly recommends that you purchase only original spare parts or their certified counterparts to replace the timing belt with a Lada Grant.
To carry out the repair you will need:
- toothed timing belt (art. Repair kit 174 rui);
- drive generator belt (art. 11180 - 1041020 - 13);
- timing belt tensioner pulley (art. Repair kit 174 rui);
- water pump of the cooling system (art. 21116 - 1307010 - 75);
Work on replacing the timing belt on an 8-valve Lada Grant is carried out using a standard tool and one specialized key, namely:
- open-end wrenches with a set of 10 to 19 mm;
- socket wrenches from 10 to 19 mm;
- small mount;
- Screwdriver Set;
- a specialized key for adjusting the tension of the timing belt tensioner;
- protective gloves for hand safety.
If you have this tool and new spare parts, you can start troubleshooting as in car services licensed by VAZ, in which the price for replacing the Lada Granta timing belt is about 5-7 thousand rubles for the fall of 2018. Small private workshops charge from 2 to 3 thousand for this, and if the car owner wants to save money, then you can do all the repairs yourself, for which you need to study the instructions below, or carefully read the video on replacing the timing belt Lada Granta, the link to which is posted at the end of the article.
Stages of self-repair
We begin independent work on replacing the timing belt with Lada Granta by placing the car in a spacious room. After carefully studying the instructions on how to fix the car, we perform the following steps:
- We turn off the onboard power supply by removing the terminals from battery
- Using a jack, we raise the front right wheel, remove it and also dismantle the plastic fender liner
- We find the crankshaft sensor (DPKV) located at the bottom of the engine crankcase, unfasten the connector from it and unscrew the fastening bolt, carefully remove it (this will help avoid accidental damage).
- Starting to remove the old drive belt generator, for which we loosen the fastening of the tension bar and with a mount we shift the generator to the engine crankcase, after which the belt is freely removed.
- We remove the protective plastic casing of the gas distribution system by unscrewing the four screws of its fastening located on the sides and setting the marks on the upper and lower gears until they completely coincide with the risks on the motor housing.
- Having set the marks, we fix the correct position of the crankshaft with a screwdriver, this is done through a special hole on the crankcase of the flywheel of the engine after removing the plug, and then unscrew the front pulley 17 mm. key.
- Using a 15 mm open-end wrench, loosen the central bolt of the tensioning mechanism, remove the old gas distribution belt, unscrew all the roller mounting bolts and remove it.
- We proceed to dismantle the old water pump ( this process may not be carried out, but experts recommend changing the pump along with the gear drive in order to avoid its early failure), for which we unscrew the three fixing bolts with a 13 mm wrench.
- Instead of the old tensioner roller and pump, we install new parts, then check the previously set marks on the crankshaft and camshaft gears, which could have shifted slightly during dismantling, and put on a new gear drive.
- We put on a new belt. We take out the screwdriver fixing the crankshaft from the crankcase of the flywheel, and slightly turn the lower gear clockwise (by about 2 - 3 mm), thereby removing the slack tension. Further, using a specialized key, we bring the tension roller to the position necessary in value, otherwise the gas distribution mechanism drive may be overstretched, which will lead to its quick break.
- At the last stage, we assemble all the components in the reverse order, pour antifreeze into the engine, remove the car from the jack and start it, listening to the engine, which should run smoothly and not make extraneous noise.
Also watch the video, which shows in more detail how to replace the timing belt with Lada Garant:
So, you found a defect or the deadline has come scheduled repairs. Replacement is carried out step by step only with a cold engine:
- Disconnect the battery of your Lada Grant.
- Remove the crankshaft position sensor. Place the sensor in a clean area, such as a shelf free of steel filings or oil.
- Place the piston of the first cylinder at top dead center.
- Turn the crankshaft until the mark on its pulley matches the protrusion on the drive cover.
- Remove the plug from the viewing window (located on the clutch housing) and check the position of the shaft. If you did everything correctly, then a mark will appear in the window and will be opposite the slot. Stop the flywheel with a screwdriver (it must be placed between its teeth).
- Unscrew the alternator drive pulley, remove it from the axle and remove the washer.
- Remove the timing cover.
- Loosen the tension roller (it should turn).
- Remove belt from all pulleys and pull out.
- If you need, in addition to installing the timing belt, remove the tension roller and replace it with a new one, then unscrew the fastening bolt, and then remove the roller right along with it.
- Before installing a new roller, check if a replacement is really needed. To do this, grab the metal middle of this mechanism and turn the plastic part. In a serviceable component, it moves smoothly, without jamming.
- Inspect the pump and start reassembling the timing mechanism. Install the roller in the upper hole on the cylinder block, but do not completely tighten the bolt that secures this part of the drive.
- Put on the belt so that it runs correctly over all the pulleys and rollers. In order for the belt to lie correctly, after laying it on the crankshaft pulley (it must first be installed in its place), tighten both parts of the part. Try to distribute the load evenly.
- The far part of the timing belt should lie on the pump pulley and go behind the tension roller (at this stage, check the diagram), and the near one should gently lie on the toothed part of the camshaft.
- Turn the camshaft pulley slightly (in the direction of less travel) so that the teeth of the belt line up with the notches on it. To turn the tension roller counterclockwise, use the special wrench.
After the replacement has been made, check the timing belt tension. Excessive voltage in it on the Lada Granta is fraught with failure of the cooling system pump. Also, with excessive tension, the belt can fail very quickly.
A loose belt can lead to timing failure. Turn the crankshaft to the right so that installation marks matched. After that, reassemble the alternator pulley. Remember that when the belt is removed on a Lada car of the Grant model, it is strictly forbidden to turn the shafts. The adjustment is only made when the replacement has already been carried out.
The domestic car Lada Granta has been produced for several years. And, thanks to the good workmanship, and several different trim levels, he managed to win the trust of many drivers. Today we will talk about replacing the timing belt with Lada Granta.
General timing belt
In any car, the gas distribution mechanism allows for the timely intake and release of the working mixture and exhaust gases, respectively. This mechanism includes a camshaft, as well as various parts of the valve drive, as well as the valves themselves with springs, as well as guide type bushings.
If we talk about the timing belt, then it is a special element that works as a link. Thanks to him, synchronous operation of the camshaft and crankshaft is ensured.
Finding such a belt is not at all difficult. It will be enough for you, after which the belt will appear to your eyes. True, this “special assembly” will be protected by a special casing, which should prevent the ingress of dirt and protect it from other mechanical influences.
Externally, the timing belt has a toothed inner surface and a rubber base. Unlike other types of belts, it covers several pulleys at once.
In addition to the two named shafts, the belt combines several more units, such as a water pump (pump) and so on.
If the rollers or the pump are damaged, then this allows us to talk about an increased wear rate of the belt, which reduces its service life many times over.
Technical regulations of the AvtoVAZ plant for replacing the belt
Cars of the Lada Grant family are equipped, as we have already said, with various engine modifications. Some of them do not have a problem with the valves bending when the timing belt breaks, while others have a similar feature.
Only the 11183-50 engine does not bend the valve when the timing belt breaks, such a motor is installed on the Lada Granta in the standard configuration. Read more about which engines break valves when the timing belt breaks.
To eliminate the occurrence of an emergency situation, the manufacturer recommends changing the belt once every seventy-five thousand kilometers. But it will be necessary to control its condition more often - during the passage of each MOT, that is, after 15 thousand kilometers. This statement is true for 8 valve engines, and for 16 valve. Even despite the fact that the imported cylinder head is assembled, it will also have to do expensive repairs as a result of a broken belt!
Naturally, the manufacturer does not recommend replacing the belt yourself, as well as checking it. If you try to do all the work yourself, then there is a high probability that you will be denied subsequent warranty service. It is recommended to change only filters ( , ) by yourself.
Most Lada Grant owners, especially owners of 16-valve engines (repairs are much more expensive than an 8-valve counterpart), are advised not to wait for the prescribed 75 thousand kilometers. The fact is that low-quality components can lead to the fact that wear begins after 20 thousand kilometers.
Most owners use well-proven Gates products when replacing. But they love to fake this brand, so try to buy from time-tested suppliers!
K015670XS - part number for 16-valve engines.
If you decide to replace the belt yourself, then you should consider some recommendations.
For example, after installing the belt, you will also need to tighten it correctly. This is done using a special key. Some will notice that you can get by with improvised means, but then no one guarantees the result.
The force that is typical for turning the belt 90 degrees between the crankshaft and camshaft pulleys should not be more than 20 Nm, but it should not be allowed to be lower than 15 Nm. All other indicators will tell you that the belt tension was not done correctly, and further adjustment will be required.
Belt wear signs
As we have already noted, it is necessary to regularly monitor the condition of the timing belt.
This will allow you to notice its damage even before it completely fails, damaging engine parts.
- The first sign will be significant wear of the material. If so, then you run the risk of slipping or breaking with a significant load on the car, as well as with high humidity.
- It follows that wear occurs, as a rule, when the position of the tension roller and pulley deviates, as well as when the bearing temperature is significant or its operation is unsatisfactory. You can notice this by the fact that the material will be worn out, and fabric remnants will stick out of it.
- The third sign suggests the presence of cracks or delaminations. The more such damage, the higher the chance that the belt will break very soon.
- Problems are also typical for a situation where the reverse surface of the belt has a low elasticity and significant hardness. It will also give out the characteristic shine of the belt. This will not allow him to make good contact with the pulley.
- During operation, the belt may lengthen. If this parameter has become too large, then it is worth replacing the belt with a new one, especially since its elastic abilities will be significantly reduced.
- And, of course, if the belt position deviates from the specified one, then this will tell you about a situation where the components of the tensioner may fail.
Timing belt removed for inspection, still looks like, but the owner decided to replace it
In this case, the belt is still in good condition.
The consequences of a broken timing belt
4 valves bent after timing belt break
As we have already said, only one motor should not have significant problems after a timing belt break - 11183-50 . But for other models, significant breakdowns are possible, which will result in significant financial investments! On our site, a battle has unfolded among Grant owners about whether we are interested in your opinion.
The fact is that when the belt breaks, the camshaft stops at the position in which it was at that moment. But the crankshaft continues its movement. As a result, the pistons hit the valves that were currently open with great force. The valves are bent from this impact, and in rare cases the piston may even be pierced, although this is very rare. This situation is popularly called the "fist of friendship"!
findings
Of course, breaking the timing belt on a Lada Grant can bring a lot of problems.
But that doesn't mean that we can't do anything. There are some recommendations that will help you reduce the risk of such a breakdown to a minimum.
The first step is to carefully check the condition of the belt. Some recommend checking the condition of 10 or 20 thousand kilometers. Also try to keep track of the condition of the seals. It is not even necessary to look under the hood, because when they wear out, characteristic spots will appear on the asphalt.
The flashing of an emergency lamp will also tell you about problems, which indicates problems with pressure and oil level. If this happens, then the engine must be immediately turned off, and the reason for this “behavior” of the machine must be found.
When replacing the timing belt, only original spare parts must be used. But even branded details will need to be constantly monitored.
The design of the timing on the 8-valve engine of the Lada Grant car is no different from the good old 2108 engine. Therefore, this procedure can generally be shown on the example of Samara, and the difference will be only in the crankshaft pulley.
How often do you need to change the timing belt on the Grant?
The fact is that after the start of sales of Lada Grants, two different engine, although both of them were 8-valve:
- 21114 - 1.6 8-cl. On this motor, the valve does not bend, since the piston group is ordinary, the pistons have grooves for the valves. Power 81 hp
- 21116 - 1.6 8-cl. This is already a modernized version of the 114th engine, which has an already lightweight piston. Power 89 hp The valve is bent.
So, taking into account the fact that if the timing belt breaks on the 21116th engine, the valves will bend with almost 100% probability, it must be monitored regularly. A replacement must be made at least once every 60,000 km.
Photo report on replacing the timing belt on an 8-valve Grant
The first step is to set the timing marks, for which you can familiarize yourself with. After that, we need the following tool to work with.
- Keys for 17 and 19
- 10 m head
- Ratchet or collar
- Flat screwdriver
- Special wrench for belt tension
First, we raise the car with a jack and remove the front left wheel, so it will be more convenient to perform this service. Using a thick screwdriver or an assistant, it is necessary to block the flywheel, and at this time unscrew the bolt securing the crankshaft pulley.
The photo above shows an example from 2109 of the old model - everything is a little different on the new Grant pulley, but I think the meaning is clear.
Now, using the 17 key, we loosen the tension roller, as shown clearly below in the photo.
And we remove the belt, since nothing holds it.
If necessary, the tension roller should also be replaced if it has already worn out (noise appeared, increased play during operation). Installing a new belt occurs in reverse order and is not particularly difficult. The main thing is to check the timing marks after installation so that they match, otherwise even at the first start there is a risk of damage to the valves.