What is twin power turbo. Twin Power Turbo Technology

The concept and principle of operation of a turbocharging system called Twin Turbo. Photos of the new turbocharged engine Biturbo, videos and diagrams.

What is it and how does it work?

Twin Turbo in translation from English means double turbo and in this turbocharging system there are two turbochargers. At first, turbochargers were used to overcome the inertia of the system. Now the use and application of these turbochargers has grown significantly, as it reduces fuel consumption. Power output increases and helps maintain rated torque over a wide range of engine speeds.

Types of Twin Turbo and their differences

There are three variations of the Twin Turbo system layout: series, parallel, and stepped. These three schemes differ from each other in the location, characteristics and sequence of operation of the turbochargers. Electronic system control fine-tunes the operation of the turbochargers. The system includes inlet sensors, air flow control valve actuators and recycled fuel control valves.

The trade label for the turbocharging system is Twin Turbo, but there is another name for this system - "Biturbo". Not entirely correct in various information sources, Biturbo is perceived as a system with a parallel turbocharger operation.

Video: how the turbine works:

1. Parallel Twin Turbo or Biturbo

The Twin Turbo parallel system operates simultaneously and in parallel to each other, and includes two identical turbochargers. Parallel operation occurs due to the even division of the flow of burnt gases between the turbochargers. Compressed air exits each compressor and enters a common intake manifold, and then distributed to the cylinders. Parallel Twin Turbo is used, as a rule, on diesel V-shaped engines. Due to the parallel turbocharging scheme, the efficiency of the system is based on the fact that two small turbines have less inertia than one large turbine. Turbochargers operate at all engine speeds to provide fast boost. And each turbine is mounted on its own exhaust manifold.

In a sequential twin turbo system, the first turbocharger is constantly running, and the second one starts working in a certain order of engine operation (increased speed, load). A sequential turbocharger consists of two identical turbochargers.

The electronic control system provides the transition between modes and regulates the flow of burnt gases to the second turbocharger due to a special valve. It is correct to call such a system sequentially - parallel, because when the burnt gas supply control valve is fully opened, both turbochargers work in parallel. Compressed air is supplied to a common intake manifold from two turbochargers and distributed to the cylinders.

To achieve the highest possible power output, the Twin Turbo sequence system minimizes the effects of turbo lag. Applies to both diesel and petrol engines. In 2011, a system with three sequential turbochargers was introduced by BMW and it is called Triple Turbo.

In technical terms, the two-stage turbocharging system is the most advanced. BorgWarner Turbo Systems puts this system on Cummins and BMW diesel engines, and since 2004 they have begun to use the two-stage turbocharging system on some diesel engines from Opel.

The two-stage turbocharging system uses valve control of the flow of burnt gases and forced air. This system consists of two turbochargers of different sizes. Subsequently installed in the intake and exhaust tracts.

The flue gas bypass valve is closed when low revs engine. The burnt gases through the small turbocharger, having maximum efficiency and minimum inertia, pass further through the large turbocharger. And since the pressure of the exhaust gases is not strong, therefore, the large turbine practically does not rotate. The boost bypass valve is closed at the intake and air flows in series through the large and small compressors.

The overall work of turbochargers begins to be carried out with an increase in speed. And gradually the bypass valve of the burnt gases begins to open. A large turbine begins to spin up more and more intensely, as part of the exhaust gases go right through it.

A large inlet compressor with a certain pressure starts to compress the air, but the pressure is not too high and the compressed air then enters the small compressor, where the pressure continues to rise. The bypass valve remains closed. The burnt gas bypass valve opens fully at full load. The small turbine stops, and the large one starts to spin up to the maximum frequency, since the burnt gases pass through it almost completely. The boost pressure reaches its maximum value at the inlet of the large compressor, while the small compressor interferes with the air. And at a certain moment, the boost bypass valve opens and compressed air directly flows directly to the engine.

Thanks to the Twin Turbo system's two-stage turbocharger system, rated torque is instantly reached and maintained over a wide engine speed range. This achieves the maximum increase in power. Thus, the system maintains the brilliant operation of turbochargers in all engine operating modes. The system also explains the well-known opposition of diesel engines between the maximum power at high revs and high torque at low revs.

Video about Twin Turbo: how it works

Innovative 3-cylinder Gas engine with its exceptionally smooth running, 4-cylinder petrol engine and multiple winner of the annual International Engine of the Year award inline 6-cylinder petrol bmw engine TwinPower Turbo set new standards. These new generation engines are even more economical, environmentally friendly and powerful than their predecessors. The innovative technologies that are the cornerstones of the BMW EfficientDynamics strategy combine latest systems fuel injection, Valvetronic system including Double-VANOS, as well as innovative turbocharging technologies. The result is particularly efficient powertrains that showcase BMW's expertise in engine technology.

BMW TwinPower Turbo diesel engines

BMW Twin Power diesel engines embody the principles of BMW EfficientDynamics: a combination of outstanding fuel efficiency, increased power and excellent driving performance. Vehicles with diesel engines can serve as models of efficiency and dynamics. At the same time, the BMW TwinPower Turbo 3-cylinder diesel engines are ideal entry-level powertrains; The innovative 4-cylinder BMW TwinPower Turbo engines and the powerful 6-cylinder BMW TwinPower Turbo diesel engines do their job with exceptionally low emissions and frictional losses. Diesel units BMW EfficientDynamics families with lightweight aluminum construction are equipped with variable geometry turbochargers and CommonRail direct fuel injection latest generation.

Engine: a new benchmark for efficiency and dynamism.
BMW X models offer their own distinctive interpretation of typical BMW driving pleasure. The BMW X1 xDrive28i combines this special driving experience with an efficiency that is unmatched in this performance class. As a result, this new BMW X1 model offers a sporty power delivery of a kind that has been previouslyconfined to six-cylinder engines - but combines it with outstanding fuel consumption and emissions performance.

It's all down to the latest generation 2.0-litre four-cylinder petrol engine that sets new standards with various innovative technologies. The powerhouse BMW X1 xDrive28i"s achieves the twin goals of BMW EfficientDynamics in impressive style: it constantly raises the bar for driving pleasure, while at the same time reducing fuel consumption and emissions.

With a displacement of 1997 cc and world-exclusive BMW TwinPower Turbo technology including twin-scroll turbo, High Precision Injection,
Double-VANOS and VALVETRONIC, it delivers a maximum output of 180 kW/245 hp. at 5000 rpm - 55 kW more than the previous top power
BMW 2.0 liter petrol engine.

Debut: First use of the BMW TwinPower Turbo in a four-cylinder engine.

BMW TwinPower Turbo technology gives the new four-cylinder engine the kind of power that naturally aspirated engines can only achieve by
more cylinders and significantly more displacement. Four-cylinder engine with an all-aluminum crankcase, including motorsport-derived bottom plate, is
lighter and more compact than a six-cylinder engine of equivalent power. These are direct benefits to the efficiency of the BMW X1 xDrive28i as well,

New engine offers more torque, too, than previous naturally aspirated engines. Rated torque of 350 Nm, which comes to the stream in just
1250 rpm provides a very good budget response. Energetic power delivery, from just above idle, is a very enticing feature of this new engine,
and the power rises steadily all the way to the top of the load range. New BMW X1 xDrive28i has 0 to 100 km/h (62 mph) sprint time
6.1 seconds (6.5 seconds from automatic transmission gears). These improvement times are 0.7 seconds and 0.3 seconds respectively on those for
The previous model with a six-speed automatic transmission. New BMW X1 xDrive28i hits top speed 240 km/h (149 mph).

Turbocharger twin-scroll system. The exhaust streams leaving the two pairs of cylinders are kept completely separate as they pass through
Exhaust manifold and turbocharger, taking the spiral to the turbine wheel. This configuration results in very low exhaust emissions at low
engine speed, and allows the energy of the exhaust pulses of the gas to be optimally controlled and transferred to the powerful rotation of the turbine blades, without
delay response. The result is instant throttle response and typical fastrevving BMW Performance.

More dynamic performance plus reduced emissions thanks to VALVETRONIC, dual VANOS and direct fuel injection.

Fully integrated cylinder head VALVETRONIC variable valve timing control system, and Double-VANOS variable intake and exhaust valve timing, have a further positive impact on the development of the power industry. The BMW X1 xDrive28i engine has assembled intake and exhaust valves and the latestgeneration VALVETRONIC system which is even faster in action thanks to
optimized stepper motor with built-in sensor.

The patented BMW VALVETRONIC system with variable smoothly inlet valve control lifts dispenses with throttle valve systems of typical early generations of engines. Instead, the mass of air into the combustion chamber is controlled within the engine, resulting in a significantly faster response. Pumping losses have been kept to a minimum, making the engine more efficient.

The new engine is extraordinarily high efficiency, for a turbocharged unit, also up to a High Precision Injection petrol direct injection system. The hotel is located between valves, electromagnetic injectors Max pressure injection up to 200 bar precisely control fuel delivery. Fuel is injected in close proximity to the spark plug, resulting in a clean and homogeneous combustion. The cooling effect of the injected fuel also results in a higher compression ratio than on naturally aspirated turbocharged engines. The result is a further improvement in efficiency.

The efficiency theme continues with a computer controlled oil pump and an on-demand electric coolant pump. In addition, the new BMW X1 xDrive28i is listed as standard with a six-speed transmission mechanical box from Auto function start-stop. This system automatically shuts off the engine when the vehicle is stopped at an intersection or sits in stationary traffic in order to prevent unnecessary idling and wasteful fuel use.

New engine technology and extensive, standard BMW-equipped EfficientDynamics features achieve an exceptionally good balance between performance and fuel consumption. The new BMW X1 xDrive28i has an average EU test cycle fuel consumption of 7.9 l/100 km (35.7 mpg IMP), a 16 percent increase on the outgoing model. CO2 emissions with a capacity of 183 grams per kilometer.

At the same time as the launch of the new BMW 3 Series Sedan, 4 high-torque and economical engines based on BMW TwinPower Turbo technology were introduced. These engines will be the heart of the new BMW 3 Series Sedan. Modern and responsive 2-litre engines with BMW TwinPower Turbo technology are the most powerful power units in a new generation of four-cylinder petrol engines. The technological basis for their creation was the award-winning six-cylinder gasoline engine. According to the development strategy of the BMW EfficientDynamics program, the task set for the design of new engines was to improve dynamic characteristics while reducing fuel consumption and toxic emissions. The new BMW 3 Series Sedan will also feature the proven 2.0-litre four-cylinder diesel engine BMW TwinPower Turbo, developing the same high power, but now this engine has become more economical and less toxic. The aluminum alloy crankcase engine sets standards in many ways and combines the latest generation common-rail direct injection system with a variable turbine geometry turbocharger. The BMW 335i is emphatically sporty: with high torque power point 225 kW (306 hp) accelerates the BMW 3 Series Sedan from 0 to 100 km/h in just 5.5 seconds, consuming an average of 7.9 l/100 km and CO2 emissions of 186 g/km. The BMW 328i and BMW 320i are characterized by impressively high dynamism and efficiency. The BMW 328i takes only 5.9 seconds to accelerate from standstill to 100 km/h, with fuel consumption of only 6.4 l/100 km and CO2 emissions of 149 g/km. The sporty character of the BMW 320i is evident in the acceleration from 0 to 100 km/h in 7.3 seconds, and the 135 kW (184 hp) engine, which consumes an average of 6.1 to 6.3 liters of fuel, will allow you to get continuous pleasure from economical driving. The diesel engine of the BMW 320d has an output of 135 kW (184 hp) and consumes only 4.4 to 4.5 liters per 100 kilometers with CO2 emissions of 117-118 g/km. The use of optional BMW BluePerformance technology means that the BMW 320d already today meets the EU6 requirements, which will come into force as early as 2014.