Homemade stocks for body hood. Making a do-it-yourself slipway for body work

Body repair requires special attention in repairing damaged cars. Often after impacts, accidents and damage, the car body is distorted. Violation of the geometry of the body leads to negative changes in the design (vibrations, violation of corners, inability to close the car doors). All this can lead to unexpected behavior of the car on the road, which is very dangerous for the driver and passengers of the transport. That is why the resumption of the correct body geometry is considered an important component of vehicle repair, which is not complete without the use of a slipway.

The article details how to make a slipway with your own hands and save enough money, instead of purchasing a finished structure.

We decide on the design of the slipway

Many novice drivers do not know what a car slipway is. A body repair slipway is a steel structure that allows you to restore the necessary shape and dimensions of body parts before an accident. The operation of the equipment lies in the fact that the elements of the slipway create forces in the directions necessary for the auto mechanic on the necessary parts of the car body, and return correct form and dimensions of car body parts.

For repairing a car, there are several types of stocks

There are several types of this kind of equipment for car repair:

Platform slipway. The platform mechanism easily pulls the car parts in the right direction and restores the shape and size. The platform-type slipway is convenient, therefore, it is installed both by professional specialists and by an amateur motorist in the garage.
Frame slipway. The most compact type of equipment is designed to eliminate small deformations. Suitable for owners of garages of small dimensions for solving simple tasks.
Floor slipway. A complex professional design is most often used by automotive workshops. Such a slipway can restore a car even after a major accident. The dimensions of the floor slipway are considerable, however, the rails along which the mobile mechanisms move are located directly on the floor and save space perfectly. This allows you to use the workspace for personal purposes if necessary.

Each type of slipway must be selected by the auto mechanic individually in each case based on his requests.

Pros and cons of a homemade device

In the restoration of passenger cars, it is quite possible to use all three of the above types of stocks.

Individually in each case, each type of slipway must be selected by an auto mechanic

Advantages and disadvantages of a homemade slipway:

The high cost of a high-quality factory slipway leads to the fact that many specialists independently manufacture a reliable slipway at a more affordable price.
Any type of slipway provides access to the bottom of the vehicle and any of its components.
The rails of the floor slipway are placed at floor level, which makes it possible to profitably use the space in the car garage.
It is quite difficult to take the necessary measurements at the floor slipway.
In the self-manufacturing of stocks, importance should be given to the increased strength of the metal parts used.
With the help of any type of slipway, it is possible to carry out work at different heights.
The frame slipway is very compact, so it is conveniently stored in the garage.
The frame slipway has few extraction points, which does not allow the use of equipment to eliminate complex body deformations.
Platform slipway is considered the easiest for self-manufacturing.

The main reason for self-manufacturing slipways is the high price of factory equipment. Not every person can purchase an expensive slipway for their garage or private company. Having delved into all the subtleties and moments of manufacturing, everyone is able to make a high-quality slipway at a cost two or even three times lower than the factory one. Only a specialist with knowledge of plumbing and welding is able to make a floor slipway for body repair with his own hands, since such slipway equipment is professional and requires the use of complex measuring equipment.

The high price of factory equipment is considered the main reason for self-manufacturing slipways

Tools and materials for creating a slipway

If you decide to mount a slipway with my own hands you will need:

electric welding;
hydraulic drive;
grinder;
electric drill;
dye;
profile pipe from 5 mm;
metal sheets 5 mm thick;
clamping clamps;
nuts;
bolts.

The main point for the manufacture of high-quality and durable slipway is the correct creation of the drawing. The efficiency and quality of all equipment depends on the accuracy of its creation. One of the main nuances is to think over the correct dimensions of the slipway and take into account the dimensions of your garage. It is important not only to take into account the allowable dimensions of the structure, but also the location of individual parts and clamps. On average, the dimensions of the slipway are - 4.5 X 1.9 m.

Step-by-step instructions: how to make a slipway with your own hands

A large number of drawings of a floor slipway for body repair are available on the Internet, and you can also mount it yourself by analogy with specific factory equipment, taking the necessary measurements from it.

It is not easy to make a floor slipway with your own hands

How to make a slipway yourself:

Creation of the structure frame. We weld the outer frame from the prepared metal profiles, and the inner frame is attached to it. Above and below in all possible locations We weld the outer frame so that the future structure is as strong as possible. For reliability and better rigidity, we cover the corners of the structure with additional scarves made of metal. The most scrupulous specialists install the transverse beams.
Attaching legs or wheels to the prepared frame. This will allow you to adjust the horizontal position of the structure. At the request of the owner of the garage, rails can be mounted in it, on which the structure on attached wheels will be convenient to move around.
Manufacture of slipway parts (racks, paws, upper clamps). From steel 1 cm thick, cut out rectangles with the following parameters: a width of 200 mm and a length of 350 mm, and weld racks 300 mm high to them. Additionally, you can use reinforcing jibs. The upper clamps should be 250 mm long (for them fragments from KAMAZ springs are often used). They have holes for mounting bolts.
Welding clamping clamps. For welding clamps, the frame is set exactly on the level. Next, fix the vertical racks with bolts. Then the level sets the height at which the paws should be placed. Now you can weld the clamping clamps.
The stage of mounting the rack and pulling elements. The capacity of factory-type hydraulic devices should be about 2000 kg. The pull-out elements can be attached to the channel plate placed on the frame. Further, they are drilled in the frame in the right places so that the pulling mechanism can be put at the required point in the process of work.
Design check. To check the operation of the structure, it is necessary to install the vehicle requiring repair on the equipment. It is important to check whether all the elements work, the quality of their fastening and movement along the frame, and only after that proceed with the direct repair.

The principle of operation for all devices is the same. To restore the geometry of the body, it is fixed on any one or more sections of the slipway. Then the mechanic, by means of an exhaust device and applying force with the help of hydraulic devices, pulls out the deformed elements. If a do-it-yourself slipway is made in the garage, then this is, as a rule, a simple system with one exhaust mechanism. There are several of them in the factory equipment.

Types of stocks

There are four types of structures in total, each of which is used in certain conditions. Some types of equipment can be made independently. How are the slipways used today characterized?

Rolling

Differ in a possibility of use for restoration of a body of the most various cars. The devices available on the slipway allow you to fix the car without flanging the thresholds. Rolling equipment is compact, so it can be used in a limited space - that is, it makes sense to make a slipway for body repair with your own hands to install it in the garage. The disadvantage of this equipment is that it cannot be used in the presence of distortions and changes in the geometry of the body.

floor standing

It assumes the presence of a rail along which retractable devices move. This design helps to carry out repairs of varying complexity, as the mechanisms move to any point on the slipway.

Advantages of outdoor equipment:

relatively low cost;
operational installation;
small footprint;
ease of manufacture: you can make a floor slipway for body repair with your own hands;
if necessary, you can remove the retractable devices and use the floor (the rails are on the same level with it) to accommodate equipment or other purposes.

The downside is the inconvenience of measuring individual elements of the body and its overall geometry.

frame

It uses a metal frame on which the machine is fixed by means of chains. Despite the fact that such stocks are used when correcting not too severe damage, structurally frame equipment is more complex. The fixation of the body at the desired height and in the required position is carried out by means of clamps, and the deformed part is straightened by chains connected to a power hydraulic device.

To simplify lifting, auto frame slipways are often used in conjunction with scissor lifts.

The advantages of these designs:

access to the car bottom and various elements located below;
ability to perform body work at different heights.

Frame stocks do not take up much space, however, serious deformations cannot be corrected with their help, since the number of exhaust points is small. Therefore, it makes sense to use such structures during straightening and other simple damage.

Stages of manufacturing a slipway

The most popular platform or frame structures. This is due to the ease of their manufacture, compact dimensions and relatively large functionality. Finding suitable drawings on the Internet today is not difficult. The best way- measure the finished factory slipway and focus on its design. Here the main requirement is the dimensions, which must correspond to the area of \u200b\u200bthe workshop or garage. The recommended dimensions of the slipway are 4.5 × 1.85 m. Externally, this is a structure where one frame is inserted into another.

Necessary tools and materials

You will need a welding machine, a hydraulic device, a grinder, a drill with drills, an airbrush or paint brushes. From the materials you need to purchase:

profile pipe 40 × 80 mm (calculate the length in accordance with the drawing, taking into account the jumpers) with a thickness of 4 mm;
metal for making scarves (thickness 4 mm);
clamping devices (you can buy factory ones, but if this is not possible, then how to make them yourself will be described below);
bolts, nuts;
primer;
regular or powder paint.

First, the outer frame is welded from the profile, then the inner frame is attached to the finished structure. It is necessary to boil from above and below, turning the structure over. Do not forget to use kerchief reinforcements at the corners of the structure to increase its rigidity. If you have doubts about the strength of the frame, weld a pair of cross beams in the middle. When the frame is ready, it is necessary to attach legs to it from below in order to adjust the horizontal position of the device. To do this, you can use bolts 15 cm long and nuts 24, which are welded at the corners of the structure. If you wish, install wheels instead of hardware - you get a mobile slipway. This makes sense if you have a perfectly flat floor or you put the structure on rails that are in a strictly horizontal position.

Devices for fastening the body to the slipway

If it is not possible to purchase ready-made clamping clamps, then they can be made independently from the railway platforms, through which the rails are attached to the sleepers. Cut each of them in half and weld metal on the inside, which, using a grinder, cut into rhombuses. outer side leave as is, so that when installed on the thresholds of the car, their outer side is not damaged. Weld a 4 mm thick plate on the inside as well. This is necessary so that the clamping part evenly fixes the threshold and does not warp.

Making racks, or paws, and upper clamps

You will need steel 1 cm thick. Cut out rectangles 200 mm wide and 350 mm long. Weld vertical racks 300 mm high to the resulting platforms, do not forget about triangular reinforcing braces made of the same metal. For the manufacture of upper clamps with a length of 200 - 250 mm, it is best to use fragments from KAMAZ springs 1.5 cm thick. You need to burn holes in them for mounting bolts.

As the latter, use hardware that secures the cylinder head with a diameter of 16 mm. These are strong enough products that do not allow thread breakage. Weld 12 mm reinforcement from the edges - it will guarantee the absence of distortions when fixing the body.

Clamp welding

Align the frame strictly on the level to ensure its horizontality. Further:

attach the uprights to the frame with bolts and nuts;
set the height with a level: paws should be on it;
focusing on it, weld the clamping clamps.

The last stage is the cleaning of the structure from rust, primer treatment, followed by painting.

Here you can use factory hydraulic devices or a home-made mechanism. In any case, the capacity should be 1.5 - 2 tons. To fasten the pulling structures, use an overlay made of a channel and installed on the frame of the slipway. So that the pulling mechanism and chains can be placed at any point, drill holes in the frame around the entire perimeter of the structure.

If you prefer a homemade rack design, a tower device is better. Although it is heavier than other varieties, it provides uniform traction over the entire height.

Such a rack can be placed in close proximity to the body, while the power cylinder does not interfere during operation (the rod comes out from behind).

Using a standard hydraulic pump is not the best solution. It is much more reliable to make such a unit from a jack with a lifting capacity of 8 tons. You will have to upgrade the central cylinder, replacing it with a suitable tube. This is necessary to increase the volume of the poured liquid by 300 - 400 ml. In the upper part of the jack, near the fitting, make a breather (you can use a grease gun bent at 90 degrees). And to make it more convenient to work, instead of a bypass bolt, which requires a key, install a “butterfly” that is turned off by hand.

A car, for all its seeming complexity for a professional repairman, is a fairly simple unit with many interdependent or autonomous units. With the necessary equipment and high skill, the repair of this mechanism is not harder to repair iron and other household appliances. The main thing is to know what the problem is and choose the best way to solve it. One of the main devices used in car body repair is a slipway.

It is a rigid structure that allows different kinds works. Industrial designs of this device have a very high cost and may not be within the power of a small auto repair shop or a lone master. At the same time, it is not difficult to make the construction of the stock with your own hands, armed with a welding machine and having studied our instructions.

The main purpose of such a platform is to give the car frame the correct geometric shape, which can be broken, for example, in a traffic accident. With the help of special devices, the skeleton of the car is rigidly fixed on the slipway frame and it is subjected to a pulling or pressing effect in various directions.

To provide the necessary force, hooks, chains with welded links, and various hydraulic devices are used.

This aspect involves giving the slipway maximum tensile and compressive strength.

There are currently many options for such a device. They can be mobile (mobile) and stationary. Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages. Stationary, with proper installation and high-quality fastening, allows you to apply much more effort to the car frame to correct its geometric parameters.

At the same time, it requires a separate, quite large room for its installation, as well as for accommodating auxiliary devices and maneuvering the car when placing it on a slipway. The mobile view does not require large areas, as for temporary storage it can be installed on the side edge of any wall of the garage or repair box.

At the same time, the list of works that can be performed with its help is just as large.

Assembling a homemade slipway

Self-manufacturing of the slipway should begin with the installation of the frame platform of the fixture. To do this, you need a steel rectangular profile with a section of 50 × 50, 70 × 40 and others, depending on the expected load on the fixture. The connection of parts is carried out by a weld, which must be performed with the highest quality. The linear dimensions of the platform should satisfy the dimensional parameters of the frames of most vehicles with which you intend to work.

To ensure the high strength of the frame, it is necessary to combine both longitudinal and transverse elements. The assembly of the structure must be carried out on an even, flat base, for example, on a concrete floor. To improve the quality of the connection of parts, the manufacture of a chamfer at the ends of the parts at the points of their joining will help. In addition, it is necessary to correctly select the operating modes of the welding machine. To ensure high stability of the frame with the car installed on it, we recommend welding small racks in the corners and in the center of the longitudinal sides.

It is necessary to select or make a number of auxiliary devices for the slipway frame, without which work on editing the body and giving the frame the correct geometry will be impossible. The first one is fasteners.

They are used directly to fix the car frame on the slipway. The quality of body (frame) work depends on their strength and performance. The design of fasteners may be different, but it should allow:

withstand the deforming force applied to the frame without destruction;
provide the possibility of movement along the frame and fastening at its various points;
ensure maximum strength of the connection between the car frame and the slipway.

It is taking into account all of the above parameters, and one or another variant of fasteners is selected. At the same time, to work with various brands of cars, it is better to use devices with a variable height of the mounting jaws and moving along the slipway frame both in the longitudinal and transverse directions.

Another mandatory device is the power rack, which must also move and be fixed in various racks of the slipway.

It is through them that the main effort is applied to certain parts of the automobile skeleton in order to straighten it. In this regard, such a node should also have maximum strength. The main material for the manufacture of racks is a square steel profile with a cross section of at least 80 × 80 or a steel pipe. The junction of the vertical and horizontal parts is further enhanced by installing a scarf from the same profile, or a little less.

For the convenience of work, the rack must be equipped with a fixture for fastening to the slipway frame and a platform for installing thrust rods. To work with simple body defects, two such devices are enough.

Thus, using quite affordable materials and the simplest types of connection of parts - welding and bolting, you can not only make a useful and convenient device, but also save significant funds on this.

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To cope with the straightening of the car body without the use of special aids will not work. One of the main devices for restoring the geometry of the body, broken as a result of an accident, is a slipway. This device allows you to apply forces of several tons to compress or stretch the body. In this case, a prerequisite is the reliable fastening of the car on a special frame: the result of the work will depend on this. If it is not possible to purchase such a design, it is possible to use a home-made slipway for body repair.

Types of stocks

In order to properly repair your car, you should choose the most suitable slipway option. Basically, there are three varieties of these devices, each of which can develop a force of up to 10 tons:

Making a slipway with your own hands: frame design

You can make a slipway yourself, for this you should study the video and photos on the Internet, where it is described phased work on its creation. Time-consuming and costly manufacturing process homemade device won't take. Certainly for repair work hydraulics is needed, which is not possible to make at home. Therefore, we will consider how you can make a slipway frame that is responsible for fixing the car. You need to start with a drawing that you can create yourself, or download a photo on the Internet.

For the manufacture of the transverse beam, a metal profile is required, on which a rack with grippers will subsequently be fixed, fixing the thresholds of the machine. Threshold clamps are made of metal corners in which holes are drilled for mounting bolts. Then the corners are welded to the beam. You need to make holes, given the model of the car. If you need to change the dimensions, you can simply drill in the beam additional holes. The minimum dimensions of the profile are a section of 40x80 mm and a length of 150 mm. Such parameters allow you to repair almost all types of passenger cars.

In order to make racks, you will need a longitudinal metal profile with a section of 20x40 mm. The height of each rack should be 25 cm. To strengthen, you need to weld scarves from the same profile. Corners are welded at the top to capture the thresholds of the car.

To ensure a good hitch, you can pre-notch or weld the nuts. Use bolts and nuts with fine threads as fasteners. Useful advice: fasteners are best borrowed from foreign cars, where the bolts are much stronger and better than in any store. It is better to fix the racks on the beam with M10 bolts: such fasteners allow you to work with hydraulics that develop traction within 4 tons.

The final stage of work

To prevent corrosion, it is necessary to create a reliable protective covering, because the device will be installed in a place of high humidity. To do this, having previously cleaned all the structural elements, we cover it with a primer. Most reliable protection epoxy primer will protect against rust, so it is better to use it. Without waiting for the primer to dry, apply the paint with a spray gun. (To give a presentable home-made design, that is, a factory look, black stripes can be applied to the frame after the paint has dried).

So, homemade frame almost ready. It remains only to install it in a prepared place. You can make another similar device, but not fix it to the floor, but fix it on a rotary column. Combining this design with the one described above, we get a mobile version.

Reading time:

This is a tool used for repair work. car body. Such equipment allows you to correct its serious damage, change the size and configuration of some elements. The desired result is achieved through the use of multidirectional forces acting on a well-fixed machine. Factory equipment is quite expensive, making a do-it-yourself slipway for body repair is much cheaper.

Types of stocks

There are four types of structures in total, each of which is used in certain conditions. Some types of equipment can be made independently. How are the slipways used today characterized?

Rolling

floor standing

It assumes the presence of a rail along which retractable devices move. This design helps to carry out repairs of varying complexity, as the mechanisms move to any point on the slipway. Advantages of outdoor equipment:

relatively low cost;
operational installation;
small footprint;
ease of manufacture: you can make a floor slipway for body repair with your own hands;
if necessary, you can remove the retractable devices and use the floor (the rails are on the same level with it) to accommodate equipment or other purposes.

The downside is the inconvenience of measuring individual elements of the body and its overall geometry.

frame

To simplify lifting, auto frame slipways are often used in conjunction with scissor lifts. The advantages of these designs:

access to the car bottom and various elements located below;
the ability to perform body work at different heights.

Stages of manufacturing a slipway

The most popular platform or frame structures. This is due to the simplicity of their manufacture, compact dimensions and relatively large functionality. Finding suitable drawings on the Internet today is not difficult. The best option is to measure the finished factory slipway and focus on its design. Here the main requirement is the dimensions, which must correspond to the area of \u200b\u200bthe workshop or garage. The recommended dimensions of the slipway are 4.5 × 1.85 m. Externally, this is a structure where one frame is inserted into another.

Necessary tools and materials

You will need a welding machine, a hydraulic device, a grinder, a drill with drills, an airbrush or paint brushes. From the materials you need to purchase:

profile pipe 40 × 80 mm (calculate the length in accordance with the drawing, taking into account the jumpers) with a thickness of 4 mm;
metal for making scarves (thickness 4 mm);
clamping devices (you can buy factory ones, but if this is not possible, then how to make them yourself will be described below);
bolts, nuts;
primer;
regular or powder paint.

Frame manufacturing

Devices for fastening the body to the slipway

If it is not possible to purchase ready-made clamping clamps, then they can be made independently from the railway platforms, through which the rails are attached to the sleepers. Cut each of them in half and weld metal on the inside, which, using a grinder, cut into rhombuses. Leave the outer side as is, so that when installed on the thresholds of the car, their outer side is not damaged. Weld a 4 mm thick plate on the inside as well. This is necessary so that the clamping part evenly fixes the threshold and does not warp.

Making racks, or paws, and upper clamps

Clamp welding

Align the frame strictly on the level to ensure its horizontality. Further:

attach the uprights to the frame with bolts and nuts;
set the height with a level: paws should be on it;
focusing on it, weld the clamping clamps.

The last stage is the cleaning of the structure from rust, primer treatment, followed by painting.

Installing the rack and pulling devices

If you prefer a homemade rack design, a tower device is better. Although it is heavier than other varieties, it provides uniform traction over the entire height.

Such a rack can be placed in close proximity to the body, while the power cylinder does not interfere during operation (the rod comes out from behind).

Examination

To do this, place a slipway under the car that needs repair. Jack up one side. Now, with the help of adjusting screws, fit the paws under the thresholds, lower the machine onto the clamps and tighten them well. And so with the other two paws. Jacks can be removed.

conclusions

Self-manufacturing of a slipway is an economically profitable business. In addition, it is not so difficult to build a structure, adhering to the above recommendations, especially if you have the skills of a locksmith and a welder. In addition to the multiple difference in price compared to factory samples, you will soon be able to justify your expenses: body repair is a rather expensive service.

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