There is no need to tell experienced drivers about the benefits of the mass switch. This device protects the battery from discharge during long periods of parking, and also, when properly installed, acts as the simplest anti-theft system.
It is not difficult to figure out how to correctly set the mass switch. But if you are not particularly strong in electrical circuits, it is better to leave this work to professionals or get their preliminary advice.
How to install a battery disconnect switch on a car?
The mass switch is mounted next to the battery or directly on it and performs the function of preventing the leakage of electric charge from the battery. If there is also a fuse on the switch, the car's electrical system is not completely de-energized. In this case, the alarm siren, central locking, on-board computer and a tape recorder. But if an attacker gets down to work, he will most likely fail to start the engine, because the fuse fails from the starting current of the starter and the car system is de-energized.
Therefore, if you have already started looking for how to put the mass switch, you should contact special shop where you can find several suitable options. The simplest is a terminal with a built-in switch. But here it is important that it withstand the load coming from your battery. Failure to do so may result in damage or even fire.
If you have decided on the model of the mass switch, experts will best tell you how to install it. To do this, disconnect the terminal from the "mass" and the positive terminal of the battery. The next step is to disconnect the terminal from the wire. Just save it, in case the need for a mass switch is no longer needed in the future.
Check Status battery, electrolyte level, swipe it Maintenance. The mass switch should be connected to the "negative" terminal of the battery and securely fastened. Connect the power cable to the positive terminal as well.
The ground wire is connected to the switch in accordance with the instructions from the delivery set. Turn off the device and try to start the engine. If everything works properly, after turning off the ignition, turn on the mass switch. If you were able to connect the remote mass switch properly, all vehicle systems will be powered when the key is turned, but attempting to start the engine will blow the fuse.
How to connect a mass switch on a car with a modern electrical system?
In many new models, an unplanned disconnection of the battery can not only reset the computer, radio and clock, but also have a negative impact on the quality of starting the engine. Therefore, if you are not fluent in the science of electrical engineering, it is better to give this work at the mercy of specialists or order revision from a dealer.
But in such a situation, you can find a way out. To do this, it is enough to install a cheap source of electricity, which will allow you to store security codes and important information. In extreme cases, the battery can not be disconnected, using small clips for this, which will act as impromptu fuses and store the necessary information in the device’s memory in the event of a short circuit.
In an attempt to protect their "iron horse" from talented and resourceful car thieves, car owners go to all sorts of tricks and inventions. Someone puts expensive alarms on their car with a tracking function via satellite, someone tightly blocks wheel with a gear shift knob or a clutch pedal, and someone puts a simple sound "tweeter". There are even stories of bear traps set at night. However, some car enthusiasts, in the old fashioned way, prefer to de-energize their "swallow" through the mass switch, which can be hidden anywhere in the car and thereby seriously complicate the task of a potential thief.
Cons of signaling
Of course, comparing such high-tech systems and a mass switch is like comparing Tetris and an iPhone, but even the simplest, but time-tested things sometimes serve much more efficiently than their modern counterparts.
What it is
Let's see what this device is. Any electrical circuit is a closed system. If the system is open, then the electric current does not flow, the appliance does not work. A light bulb, an electric motor, an integrated circuit, or a combination of them can act as an electrical appliance. The user just needs to press the button, press the key or click the toggle switch - the circuit closes - the light turns on, for example, the vacuum cleaner turns on, the TV starts working. Moreover, the wire through which voltage is applied to the device is called the phase, and the second wire that closes the circuit is called "zero".
Sometimes, in order to close the circuit and secure, for example, some machine, the neutral wire is led to the ground, then it is called "ground". You can ground the equipment through something steel that has direct contact with the ground, for example, through water pipes. A large surface area sharply overestimates the conductor cross-section, reducing its voltage and making it safe for humans to touch. The withdrawal of zero over a large surface area is called mass. The mass switch is a device for breaking the circuit by opening the neutral wire.
In the car
A similar power supply system, only of a different voltage and amperage, exists in every car. Ignoring the details, there are two main elements of an automotive electrical circuit. The battery is a source of electricity, and the generator is a device that takes part of the thermal energy from fuel combustion to replenish the battery. The phase is given by the positive terminal of the battery, the mass is given by its negative terminal.
The vehicle mass switch is mounted to open the neutral circuit, that is, that side of it that is not under load. This is done in order to avoid sudden voltage surges during the circuit, which can cause a short circuit, failure of the electrical and electronic equipment of the car, and sometimes even to prevent a fire.
Installing the mass switch
It is quite simple and does not require serious intervention in the electrical circuit. However, installation is still better to entrust a qualified specialist. A modern mass switch can be mechanical (screwing in the closing screw) and electronic (pressing a button or their sequence).
They can also be divided according to the type of installation: open type and concealed installation. By the method of switching on: manual (tactile pressing) and remote (switching on from the key fob). AT last years the electronic mass switch, activated by successive pressing of various buttons on the dashboard, has gained particular popularity. The user is told a combination of keys (usually in a completely arbitrary sequence), which he must press before turning on the ignition. Otherwise, the engine will not work, because the mass switch will open. The diagram of the simplest switch is shown below.
It should also be remembered that after a circuit break, failures in the electronic settings of various vehicle systems are possible. And in latest machines premium class, even a short-term power outage of the on-board network is unacceptable and is considered a gross violation of operating conditions.
Many motorists would probably be happy to install a device in their car, with the help of which, without any effort and without removing the terminals from the battery, it would be possible to disconnect the mass of the car.
In this article, we will focus on just such a device, or rather, on an electric mass switch.
There is nothing complicated in installing this device, since you can purchase this switch at any auto equipment store and easily attach it under the hood of your car.
Also exists type of mass switches, type RAD1, with remote control. With this type of switches, you can turn off the electrical network of the car directly from the passenger compartment without opening the hood of the car once again. True, this device itself remains energized and is slightly different from installing a conventional switch. To install it, you will need a long cable with a negative charge, which will need to be laid directly from the mass to the passenger compartment, having previously drilled a small hole near the engine compartment shield.
This diagram shows a mass switch, without any mechanical contacts. This type of switch is more reliable and can serve you for a long time.
Also, this device can be used as an anti-theft device, since the mass switch has two semiconductor devices, this is a 2-watt transistor, presented on wiring diagram, and a 1-watt diode.
The transistor serves as an electromagnetic relay, which, in the presence of even a weak current, operates on the main electrode. A weak current can be applied by closing a small switch of type S1, which must be installed in the passenger compartment in advance.
In this case, when current is applied, the 2-watt transistor will open, while the resistance will decrease by a lot and little electricity will be able to pass through this device. But it is worth considering that the transistor can pass current in only one direction, namely from the battery to the car's on-board network itself.
In order for the battery to be recharged directly from the car's generator, we install the VI diode in the opposite polarity from it.
The diagram shows:
1-switch; 2-fixing terminal; 3-duralumin corner; 4-diode; S-transistor.
This diagram shows the electrical mass switch device itself. On the duralumin corner, 50x50x3mm in size and 100mm long, two semiconductors are installed. Two holes are drilled on one shelf, one 21mm in size for a transistor, and the second 62mm in size for an electric diode with an average power rating.
A bolt hole is drilled on the other side of the shelf, with which the entire device will be attached to the car body. All connections are fastened with a stranded wire, and the output of the cathode of the transistor is connected to the battery terminal with a wire with a metal braid.
After manufacturing, the finished device must be placed in a casing made of a metal product, pre-painted in the color of the car body. In order not to create unnecessary holes in the car body, it is worth finding holders that attach brake pipe to the engine compartment. In this tube, carefully knock out the bottom. The result should be a small 5mm hole between the engine compartment and the car interior. Through this very hole we pass the control cable.
Next, we disconnect the cover that covers the steering column, it is necessary to drill a hole of small diameter in it and install a switch. This switch should have two outputs, we connect the main wire to one of them, and the wire to the other, which is connected to the mass of the car.
Mass switch
If you are going to send a VAZ or another brand for a long idle time, you must follow certain rules. One of the points is the installation of a battery mass switch. It will keep the battery in working condition for a long time, preventing liquid leakage. In addition, the presence of this node will serve as a serious obstacle for those who try to commit theft. Consider how to install a mass switch on a VAZ car with your own hands. At the same time, we warn you: if you do not have sufficient skills, it is better to seek help from professionals.
Where to begin
Before installing the mass switch, it is necessary to select it in accordance with the technical characteristics of the car. This can be done in a specialized organization. Services in this direction are provided by an online store operating from VDS-Torg LLC. The company supplies the market with spare parts for buses "Bogdan", "Etalon", "Ataman", as well as for trucks Tata, Isuzu. Here the interested buyer finds:
- Only certified goods.
- High level of service.
- Individual approach to the client - all his wishes are taken into account, best options spare parts based on price and specifications Vehicle on which they are planned to be installed.
A reliable mass switch can be found in spare parts catalog "Bogdan", which includes over 1000 items of goods, here is a good model. All components are new, supplied directly from the manufacturer. The price of parts and assemblies in the VDS online store is specified by the manager.
Pay attention to technological nuances
A good switch is fused and serves to de-energize the car battery. This circumstance is an additional problem for potential hijackers. If you decide to purchase a mass switch, make sure it is new. Don't use a used one! In this state, the VM will easily harm the electrical system of the machine.
When the battery is de-energized, there is a high probability of disconnection car computer. This, in turn, threatens with failures, such as erasing from memory the information necessary for full-fledged work. How to prevent such a development of events, what source of energy to buy and how to connect it - these issues should be discussed with professionals.
Progress
So, you have purchased a mass switch for a VAZ car. Now it's up to the small - the connection process. For this, preparation workplace and the required tool:
- keys;
- pliers;
- screwdrivers;
- brushes;
- probes.
Disconnecting the terminal from the battery ground. This will prevent a short circuit, which can cause not only a burnout of the car's electrics, but even an electric shock. It is not difficult to carry out the operation, since the terminal wire is painted black and marked with a minus sign.
Disconnect from positive battery terminal. The wire of this terminal is red and marked with a "+".
Disconnection is done carefully. At the same time, the level of the electrolyte liquid of the battery is checked and its conclusions are cleaned with a brush - both positive and negative. The ground terminal is retained - it will be needed when the car returns to active operation.
Work directly with the switch. This node is connected to the negative terminal of the battery with a key of the appropriate size. After tightening, be sure to check the reliability of fastening. The wiring terminal, in turn, is connected to the positive terminal of the battery, and the switch is connected to the ground wire.
After the system is assembled, it is tested. This is done with the mass switch turned off (otherwise the fuses will blow). After you make sure that the system is working properly, you can turn on the VM.
Instead of an afterword
Conclusions based on reviews of battery mass switches for a VAZ car are divided into positive and negative:
The table shows that negative sides rather hypothetical than critical.
The work of installing a battery mass switch on a VAZ car is at first glance simple, but it implies many nuances. If you doubt that you will do everything correctly, entrust it to car service specialists. Thus, all errors that can lead to burnout of the wiring are excluded.
If you decide to do the work yourself, carefully consider the algorithm. Pick up not only the mass switch for the corresponding model of the VAZ car, but also the necessary equipment. The instructions will be a good helper in the work. It is attached to each mass switch intended for operation on a VAZ vehicle. It not only describes how to install it, but also shows the electrical diagrams.
I read the comments. Apparently, most of the circuit breakers know that they are. And how they work or their parameters are a completely dark forest. And even Wikipedia does not have knowledge.
And instead of producing a bunch of comments, I'll write one big one.
For the author
I will write far from the first - such a discharge of the battery is abnormal. We need to look for the problem.
And as noted below, the generator current may well be more than the maximum allowable continuous current for the machine (in this case, 71.2A).
Battery
Here is more general information:
Well, the starting current indicated on the battery is 640A, apparently the author does not bother either
This is the nominal value of the battery limit. This is not the value that you need to focus on in this case.
Again - the discharged part of the battery (even 13%) in the cold begins to undergo sulfation, that is, irreversible degradation of the battery.
Is not a fact. In our university, a battery was lying around, which stood for 2 or 3 years in an unheated room (remains of old research). Its capacity was only 10% of the nominal value.
As a result of repeated charges / discharges with a very small current, it was brought back to life with a capacity of 95%. It was then driven for another week, there was no drop in capacity. Then they disposed of it.
Sulfation is not irreversible, but in terms of time it is meaningless (1.5 months of constant charges / discharges were spent on restoration).
Switch
A bit of theory.
Each automaton labeled A, B, C, D, K, and Z has certain exact values (). I will focus on B, C, D, as the most common and applicable (the rest are often the development of firms for specific purposes).
Each circuit breaker has two categories of two main indicators according to international standards:
Overload current
- Short circuit current
Index:
Maximum non-operating current
- Minimum guaranteed operation current
In general, these values are as follows for overload after 1 hour (trip by thermal energy) for circuit breakers up to 63A (type B,C,D)
Maximum non-operating current = 1.13 rated current
Minimum guaranteed trip current = 1.45 rated current
For a short circuit, these values differ for circuit breakers (so-called electromagnetic tripping without delay):
type B - 3*In and 5*In
type C - 5*In and 10*In
type D - 10*In and 20*In
What happens between the lines - no one can and will not guarantee. In principle, the circuit breaker can operate immediately from the minimum value or not to operate until the maximum. And you need to look based on your own requirements.
Example of current-time lines of circuit breakers 63 A from Siemens B, C, D series 5SY
Now for the errors in the comments:
Speaking of current, first of all we are talking about the most protective function of the machine. It is rated at 63 amps and with more current, it will open the circuit
It will not pass out - it will need more than 100 amperes in this mode - electromagnetic protection.
There, the value is even greater, the figures are given above.
But after several operations, the "sensitivity" of the thermal relay may increase.
After several operations in a row - it is possible, but if we are talking about “it worked, turned on - everything is in order”, then the behavior will not change during the declared period of operation (should not be from a normal manufacturer).
But, firstly, not all machines have them, and secondly, they work at least ten times more than the nominal value, so if it does not work, then everything is in order.
Depends on the letter of the machine, I described in detail above.
does it bother you that the starter current is more than 200A maybe?
to put the machine on 60 amperes, while the starting currents can reach up to 200-300 amperes - the decision is not correct.
Starting current for C63A can be no more than 315 A. This is how they often put it (after all, he also has to turn off the short circuit, because D is not always suitable).
That is, if you put a 64 A / 12 V switch into a network with a voltage of 230 Volts and a consumer eating 64 Amperes, nothing will change?
I didn't say that. To be precise, there is not enough data to answer this.
The machine is designed for alternating current, it is the same as direct in a car, but it is variable.
According to the link I gave above to ABB (this one), the S200 series machines are described, which can be used in direct current with a voltage of 24V. The only thing is that the electromagnetic trigger works for currents 1.5 times higher.
In principle, almost any machine can be used without problems at 60V from a major manufacturer without problems. In the case of ABB - from 24V.
150A, depending on the letter on the machine, it will be kicked out either with a probability of 50 or with a probability of 100% on such a starter.
You can take a look at the chart above from Siemens. Such a machine can knock out after 7 seconds at 150 A regardless from a letter.
on this collective farm, a couple of volts will easily sink if you turn on all the lights and heating
The resistance of the machine at 63A is somewhere around 0.003-0.004 ohms. At 200 A, this is 0.8V. Unpleasant, but as long as the battery is new - not critical.
A conventional machine is designed for a supply cable with a cross section of 6-10 squares; to shove it into the machine obviously had to slaughter the cross section of the wire
What about googling? As a rule, a 63A machine allows you to connect up to 35 mm² single-core or 25 mm² stranded. Your 6-10 is for 16A-25A machines, maybe 40A (but only with open laying of cables and wires, since the machine must protect the wire from overload).
The C63 machine is still back and forth, it works within 10 s for currents of 315 ... 630A.
Siemens has up to 10 seconds in the version above (switch 5SY), here you need to look at a specific manufacturer or even the lineup(Siemens also has longer ones for the same letters, but there are few of them).