Many car enthusiasts who are fond of fishing or hunting, as well as those who live in rural areas, often think about how to increase the cross-country ability of their car. Many are interested in whether it is possible to turn an ordinary car into an all-terrain vehicle with your own hands. off-road.
UAZ cars are very famous model domestic production, which was produced specifically for conditions requiring increased cross-country ability.
Patriot on tires low pressure
This is the UAZ-452, the so-called loaf - one of the first models with increased cross-country ability. "Loaf" has been used for more than 50 years in conditions with heavy traffic, especially in villages. This and newer models "Hunter" and "Patriot", released after 2000.
As you know, one of the factors that significantly increases the cross-country ability of a car is.
Many skilled car enthusiasts manage to make a UAZ on low-pressure tires with their own hands, turning it into an excellent all-terrain vehicle that is not afraid of muddy roads or snow blockages.
Hunter on low pressure tires Advantages of installing low-pressure tires on UAZ
Let's look at the benefits we get by installing low-pressure tires on the UAZ:
- significantly improves the patency of the car;
- tires of such a plan increase the grip patch with the ground;
- in such cases, special lugs can be installed that make the car more squat;
- the use of this type of rubber reduces the negative impact on the soil, which is very important in terms of environmental performance;
- there is an increase in ground clearance, which inevitably occurs when tires with low pressure are installed.
Advantages of installing low-pressure tires on UAZ Disadvantages of installing low-pressure tires on UAZ
However, tuning of this kind has its drawbacks. These could be the following factors:
- to install such wheels, you will need to make a number of serious changes to the design of the car. This is quite labor-intensive and entails significant financial costs;
- a higher location of the center of gravity of the vehicle negatively affects its stability;
- when it comes to driving on asphalt, you should consider that it wears low-pressure tires a lot. Therefore, all-terrain vehicles of this kind are not recommended for frequent and long-term movement on asphalt surfaces;
Disadvantages of low pressure tires on UAZ - You also have to be careful with speed. Low pressure tires are not designed for high-speed movement - here the main task is to drive on off-road surfaces and overcome obstacles;
- increase in the load on the transmission units should be taken into account. When driving on soils that require treads with high profile, critical load values may occur.
What you need to consider when altering a car
If you decide to convert your UAZ into an all-terrain vehicle by installing wheels with low pressure tires, you will have to take into account some factors:
- be prepared for the fact that you will have to make a number of major changes to the transmission, axles and body parts of your car. This is especially important when it comes to reworking cars like the "loaf". UAZ "Patriot" on low-pressure tires will require much less design changes than a "loaf". This is due to the fact that in those days when old models were produced, modern technologies and materials were not yet used;
The choice of tires for UAZ - When choosing rubber, it is very important to consider the temperatures in which they are planned to operate. For summer and winter use of the vehicle, you will need at least two sets of tires;
- rubber for low pressure does not have a clear division into summer and winter options. For winter, species are used that do not become hard at low temperatures. This can adversely affect the patency of the vehicle;
- When choosing a tread pattern, remember that "deeper" does not always mean "better". Increasing the depth of the pattern puts more strain on the transmission - take into account the ground you plan to travel on and choose best option drawing depth.
All work on the manufacture of an all-terrain vehicle based on a UAZ car can be divided into several conditional stages. Let's take them in turn:
- We choose the basis. If there is no UAZ in the garage suitable for turning into an all-terrain vehicle, we will have to find the right base. Remember that the older the model, the more changes will have to be made.
- We make the rear axle and suspension. Here it is better to use an independent design. Its manufacture will entail an increase in labor costs, but this will increase the throughput of the machine. Suspension connects with rear axle special rack and steering sleeve.
- Fasten to the wheel suspension. Metal hubs are needed here. We can use cameras from trucks like the Urals.
- We select the engine, carry out installation and design the cooling system.
- After installing the engine, we mount the exhaust and brake system and grip. We install the headlights and connect all the wiring.
- We carry out all the necessary tests of the received all-terrain vehicle, eliminate shortcomings and defects. After making all the corrections and positive test results, we can consider the work completed - our all-terrain vehicle is ready to overcome difficulties.
Works on the manufacture of an all-terrain vehicle based on a UAZ car Conclusion
Alteration of a UAZ car for low-pressure tires- This is a whole complex of works to improve the design.
Production: Martorelli S.R.I.
Release start: 1973
For the first time, citizens of the former Soviet republics learned about the connection Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant with the Italian surname Martorelli in 1975. Then information appeared on the pages of the Soviet press about the "469s" participating in the international run across the Sahara, which was organized by the same Martorelli family to attract the attention of other Italians to the outlandish SUVs of the Land of the Soviets.
In addition, UAZs began to be equipped with foreign power units(they were installed in Ulyanovsk). In total, there were four models in the Martorelli line, of which the most affordable car was considered UAZ-Explorer with native gasoline UMZ-451M (2,500 cm3, 75 hp). The rest are UAZ-Marathon with a Peugeot XD2 diesel (2,500 cm3, 76 hp), UAZ-Dakar with a Vittorio Martorelli VM turbodiesel (2,400 cm3, 100 hp), UAZ-Racing with gasoline FIAT engine(2,000 cm3, 112 hp) - were much more expensive.
Over 26 years of fruitful cooperation between the enterprising Martorelli brothers and the Ulyanovsk plant in Southern Europe, more than 6.6 thousand modified UAZs were sold, some of which were brought to Russia in the early 90s as foreign-made products.
UAZ-3907 "Jaguar"
Production: UAZ.
Display: 1983
The UAZ-3907 Jaguar amphibious vehicle, created on the basis of the 469 model, awarded the state award in 1983, amazed the imagination during tests conducted since 1980. He was able to move through the water at a speed of 8-10 km / h, swim with twenty-one people on board (according to the design, the cabin was designed for seven), turn on the water without a water rudder (using the front wheels), move on land at a speed 100 km / h, work at temperatures with a huge range (from +45 ° to -47 °), tow a trailer weighing up to 0.75 tons ... And despite the increased mass, have excellent cross-country ability due to the flat bottom. With all this, the Jaguar looked like an ordinary off-road vehicle, and not like a mixture of a motor boat with a representative of a wheeled dynasty.
Since 1986, under a separate agreement with the KGB for the border guards, the development of a modification was started with the installation of six pairs of skis, which during the tests also showed excellent results. Sad in this whole story was only the end. In 1990, due to the lack of promised funding, the project was curtailed. In total, 14 unique amphibians were born.
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UAZ-31512 TRUCK LLD
Production:"LLD-auto", Moscow.
Release start: 1994
In 1993, visitors to the Moscow International Motor Show saw cars that were immediately dubbed "Russian Martorellis". These were UAZ-31512s, trained at the first private car factory in Russia, organized by the Larin brothers and their friends. The level of work done, as a result of which the Ulyanovsk "all-terrain vehicles" noticeably changed, was at its best, moreover, the bulk of all the materials used were of domestic production.
However, the model of the same company, which was presented a year later at the same place, attracted more interest. We are talking about a four-seat pickup truck UAZ-31512 TRUCK LLD. Its creators had to do the following: increase the base of an ordinary UAZ by 650 mm, build up side panels in the rear, add one root sheet to the rear spring packages, and make the back wall of the cab vertical (made of plastic).
The result is an attractive pickup truck with a 2 + 2 landing formula (as indicated by the manufacturer) and a cargo platform 1.7 meters long, capable of accommodating 2.5 cubic meters of cargo. Unfortunately, everything related to the brakes, chassis components and assemblies was not changed or replaced with a more suitable one, although it was possible. The reason for such a strange step was the high cost of cars due to the fact that initially UAZs were not purchased at the enterprise in Ulyanovsk, but from ordinary dealers, who were able to increase the price well.
During the peak period (1994-1995), the LLD-auto enterprise produced up to 40 cars per month, but in the second half of the 90s, the demand for modified UAZs began to fall sharply, and eventually the first private automobile plant ceased to exist.
ShZSA-3939
Manufacturer: JSC "SHZSA", Shumerlya (Chuvashia).
Release start: 1994
With the transition to a market economy, the newly formed states were swept by a wave of crime. Organized gangs were haunted by the cash flows of individuals, companies and enterprises. Raids on places where a large amount of cash accumulated by a certain time became more frequent. But attacks on cash collectors, who at that time still had ordinary cars, were especially popular. This situation could not last long - specialized vehicles equipped with armor were required.
The first attempt to create an armored car on your own carried out by the Shumerlinsky plant of special vehicles, presenting the model 3939 to the public. The basis for the armored car was the UAZ 31512, which, together with the "body plant", made clothes designed to protect valuable contents. The body was redrawn from beginning to end, with UAZ it is related only by the bevel of the lower part on the driver's door.
Contrary to the beliefs of many, only the cargo-passenger compartment was made of high-strength armored steel in ShZSA-3939, and not the entire car. The hood, stylized as armor, was made in order to scare away lovers of easy money from afar.
There is little information about ShZSA-3939. It is known that production continued in the second half of the nineties, most of the cars produced have already gone out of use and are "laid up" in the yards. Some copies were converted into combat vehicles for military operations in Chechnya, and anyone can see the armored car with their own eyes - it stands as a monument in front of the building of the Rosinkas association in Volgograd.
NAMI - UAZ 469 "Huntsman"
Production: NAMI, Moscow.
Display: 1998
What can be more passable than UAZ? Only UAZ on low pressure tires! After all, as you know, large and soft wheels provide maximum grip on the surface. "Huntsman" - this is one of the many versions of the UAZ with such a chassis.
Its design was based on the serial UAZ 469 with enlarged wheel arches, additional sills and gear tires with ultra-low pressure produced by NPF TREKOL, slightly modified by NAMI. The Ulyanovsk SUV was chosen for the role of the main donor for a reason.
The design of its chassis required the least refinement, and this saves time and money. A year later, the all-terrain vehicle, prepared for driving on soft ground, wetlands, virgin snow, as well as overcoming water obstacles by swimming, was shown to the public. And a year later, NPF TREKOL presented an independent, but very similar development in this area - TREKOL 39041, which is also based on a serial UAZ. The production of the machine continues to this day.
UAZ-3159 "Bars"
Production: UAZ.
Release start: 1999
"Land Rover has become expensive and prestigious, Gelendevagen too. And why is the UAZ worse?" - they thought at the factory and made a long-wheelbase modification of the UAZ-3153. A little later, his "luxury" modification appeared - "Bars".
In order to make a competitive car out of the new model, the stretched body was endowed with plastic lining, steps were installed under the thresholds, the windows were made movable, the back door was hinged, a sunroof was cut into the roof ... and these are just visible changes.
Under the hood was installed a 16-valve engine of a new generation - ZMZ-409 with electronic fuel injection. Through the application gear axles, combined with the front spring and rear leaf spring suspension, it was possible to increase by 80 mm ground clearance and 165 mm gauge. In addition, the UAZ was equipped with a power steering and five-speed gearbox gears.
The only thing that spoiled the whole thing was the interior, which, despite attempts to ennoble it, remained terrible (hard molded plastic, fabric upholstery of door panels, etc.). In addition, the details constantly fell off. It was not possible to grow "Gelik" out of UAZ. In the nine years that "Bars" was in the production program of the Ulyanovsk plant, only 10 thousand long-base copies found their owners.
UAZ-3150 "Naughty"
Production: UAZ.
Display: 1999
Although "Naughty" did not become serial, he managed to light up in one of the unofficial modifications for the game GTA: San Andreas
If there is a long wheelbase version, then there must be a short wheelbase one! If you try to please customers who are hungry for solidity, then you can try to "get through" to the youth ... Obviously, UAZ was guided by this logic.
"Naughty" is an open "sports and entertainment" version of the UAZ-31512 with a base reduced by 380 mm, equipped with powerful chrome-plated safety arches, an easily removable awning and four comfortable chairs. It was proposed to install two engines under its hood: UMZ-4213.10 (2.9 liters) and ZMZ-409 (2.7 liters), capable of giving the car good dynamics (compared to serial models).
However, getting rid of extra centimeters and kilograms had a positive effect not only on top speed and acceleration time, as a result of these changes, the SUV has improved maneuverability and patency. Along with the civilian version, an army version was presented, the bottom and engine of which were covered with armor plates.
Alas, at the time of the premiere, the consumer market was not ready for the emergence of a domestic competitor American Jeep Wrangler, which, in principle, is not very popular in Russia. In total, six copies of the shortened open-top UAZ were assembled, five of which were sold.
Scorpio-1
Production: Corporation "Protection".
Release start: 2003
The fact that the UAZ 469 was developed first of all for the army has never been a secret. For many years, this car was the main command transport in the USSR, and then the entire post-Soviet space. To say that the car is outdated is to say nothing.
However, to make serious design changes on a production scale is not so easy - it takes years and considerable investment. As a result, smaller enterprises began to fuss, among which was the Zashchita corporation with its Scorpion-1 project. Taking a cursory glance at their car, they fail to see something strange - an ordinary UAZ 31512, perhaps a three-door one. And after looking...
In order to solve the problem of lack of free space, the body of the SUV was expanded by cutting along and welding in a 270 mm insert. Worked on the "bars bridges" in order to increase the gauge. got rid of rear doors, but widened the front. The result was a unique vehicle that surpasses the serial UAZ in terms of the possibility of retrofitting (hidden armor, installation of large-caliber rifle automatic guns) without loss of space for personnel.
It is difficult to verify the veracity of this, although the likelihood that such a test could have taken place and the UAZ showed good results still exists. But even so, the track has been and will continue to be more effective than any wheel (with the exception of wheels with low pressure) in conditions and harsh climates.
Associate Professor of the Department of Automobiles and Tractors of the Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University A.Anikin, who in 2003 created the Ukhtysh snow and swamp vehicle on caterpillars, was well aware of this.
The design is a sealed steel case with UAZ units, on which a body was installed, cut along just below the break line of the body panels. Salon visually remained unchanged except for the horned steering wheel in place of the steering wheel.
The Ukhtysh did not become a mass production, but the design was generally recognized as very successful and successful, and for several more years the car was assembled at the All-Terrain Vehicles Plant and sold at a price of under 1 million rubles.
The result was an all-terrain vehicle for the transfer of personnel, whose upper component not only adorned the most massive Soviet all-wheel drive freight car, but also allowed people sitting inside to feel much more comfortable than in an onboard body.
Since its inception, transport, which was produced at Ulyanovsk car factory, was in demand. Until now, among motorists there are adherents of these cars, which are distinguished by their simplicity and reliability. At all times there were specialists who were not satisfied with the basic equipment of UAZ cars and they tried to turn it into something unusual. Many modernization options were carried out, but I want to dwell on the most unusual and memorable ones.
luxury transport
Based on UAZ cars in the 90s, a company called LLD, which had working areas in Sergiev Posad and Moscow, assembled UAZ-31512 SUVs, which belonged to the luxury segment. The LLD company, founded by the Larin brothers together with friends, worked in a certain style and produced work of such high quality that it was often compared with the Matorelli company in Italy. During tuning, the masters used exclusively domestic components. The main advantage of the SUV was a hard roof, for which multilayer sandwich panels were used. Special mounts were installed in it, making the roof quick-release. The interior was also changed, in which a new steering wheel, a plastic panel were installed and even new rugs were laid.
In Crimea, you can see the UAZ 2206, which was converted into a retro food truck by a specialist living in Sevastopol. This car still travels to various events so that no one is left hungry. In this car you can buy pastries, hot dogs and drinks.
House on wheels
Today, many people dream of a motor home with which it is convenient to travel and not have to worry about an overnight stay. In a small camper, a resident of the capital decided to remake the UAZ Cargo. Behind the driver's back are: a shower, a gas stove, a wardrobe with clothes, etc. It's nice that such a motorhome is able to drive on almost any off-road, and therefore it's not scary to travel to any place on it.
powerful car
Modernization does not always involve change appearance vehicle. For example, in the UAZ-452, they decided to make internal changes. The standard engine was replaced with a powerful 3.2-liter diesel engine capable of delivering 150 Horse power. Has also been installed automatic transmission gears, lugs and axles with locks. By the way, the roof was raised by 12 centimeters. If you look into the salon, you will also notice certain changes.
Changing the military model
Many people associate the UAZ-469 exclusively with military vehicles, but not everyone considers this car suitable exclusively for military purposes. There were specialists who equipped the car with soft seats, supplemented it with a folding roof mechanism and thus made it a good option for a long-distance family trip.
Variation on the theme of Helik
UAZ cars are extremely difficult to turn into an exact copy of the Gelendvagen from the world famous Mercedes Benz. There are craftsmen who are trying to translate this idea into reality. So far, the result of the work is impressive, but UAZ Hunter has not yet gone through all the stages of transformation, and therefore it is different to talk about the final result.
Ideal for swamps and snow
The basis of the VTS P6WD-1150U car, which was made specifically for moving through snows and swamps, was the same UAZ-425. To get an all-terrain vehicle bigger size, enthusiasts crossed his body with an elongated Shigini frame. She, in turn, added one bridge.
Yamal T-6 L
Pickup UAZ Patriot became the basis for the creation of the Yamal T-6 L machine. It weighs vehicle 2.8 tons. Its features include the ability to remotely control tire pressure, six-wheel drive, a transfer case from a GAZ-66 car, etc. The speed of the car is not high, but even 65 km / h for such a car is a good indicator.
floating car
This transport was given the name "Superhead". It was based on -39095, which was seriously altered. The specialists replaced the carburetor, installed a centralized tire and hydraulic booster inflation system, and strengthened the suspension. The spacious body of the craft is used to transport ATVs.
Tracked UAZ
On the basis of the UAZ-452, the TransMash company built an all-terrain vehicle, called the Vetluga. The specialists decided to put the car on tracks so that it could move on any surface. She can even swim at a speed of 5 km/h. You can use the car to transport goods and people in wetlands and off-road. But on the road in such a car you will no longer pass.
Another all-terrain vehicle
It is created at the Plant of All-Terrain Vehicles and it is called "Uhtysh". Based on the UAZ Hunter. There are several trim levels with petrol and diesel engine. This modernized model performs well on land, besides, it is also capable of moving on water, although the speed is low - 4-5 km / h.
Army SUV
The design studio "Cardi", working in Moscow, in 2006 presented an interesting version based on the UAZ-2970 prototype - a mock-up of an army off-road vehicle. was installed in the car ZMZ engine, which rotated the generator, which gives electricity to two electric motors. Things did not go beyond the layout.
Car for collectors
The chassis in the late 90s was used by the Kirov Plant to create an armored cash-in-transit vehicle called AS-1913 Lagoda. The factory did a good job on the armor, which withstood a burst of Kalashnikov 7.62. The design turned out to be interesting, but such cars were only released in a limited series.