The ABAS group of companies provides services for the transportation of fuel in Moscow and the Moscow region. We work in strict accordance with federal law N 259-FZ and GOST 1510-84.
Transportation of fuel and lubricants requires high responsibility and modern technical equipment carrier company. The requirements of Federal Law N 259-FZ and GOST 1510-84 provide for a number of compliances, without which transport companies cannot be allowed to transport light oil products, dark oil products and other types of flammable and combustible liquids.
Requirements for the transportation of petroleum products by road:
- Tankers should be painted in bright orange, red, or bright, conspicuous corporate colors.
- The road train must be equipped with flashing beacons that operate during the movement of loaded vehicles.
- Coordination of the route with the traffic police without deviations.
- Transportation of petroleum products by road should be carried out by experienced drivers who have passed a medical examination before the flight.
- Filling the tank no more than 95%.
The ABAS group of companies has many years of trouble-free experience and complies with all requirements for the carrier when transporting petroleum products.
Safety and responsibility during the transportation of fuel and lubricants
In order to comply with the requirements of the Law and GOST, transport company it is necessary to have a number of characteristics according to which it can be allowed to transport fuel by fuel trucks. Moscow, as a city with extremely busy traffic and a high accident risk, obliges to comply with these rules, not only because of the penalties provided for by the Law, but in the name of the safety of many people.
- Transportation of fuel is carried out by modern multi-layer tanks with a capacity of 2.4 to 28.4 thousand liters based on tractors no older than 2010.
- The vehicles are equipped with the Glonass system, which allows you to track the transportation diesel fuel, dark heating oil and other types of fuels and lubricants in real time.
- Fire-fighting and emergency equipment of road trains are the best examples of the latest generation.
- Systems for pressure control and leakage prevention during the transportation of fuel and lubricants to guard the safety of the cargo, machine and facility.
- The system of lower draining and pumping out of fuel is thought out taking into account the convenience of partial passing unloading, which is important when transporting fuel and lubricants by road for several objects within the framework of one contract.
Dangerous cargo in road transport is, first of all, flammable, poisonous or even radioactive baggage in a car, transported for a specific purpose and in certain quantities. The carriage of dangerous goods is regulated by law. The main of these laws is called " European Agreement Concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road" (ADR). Drivers most often become interested in the rules for the transportation of such dangerous goods when it is necessary to transport gasoline or diesel fuel (diesel oil) in the trunk.
So, ADR regulate the rules for the transport of dangerous goods, and also have an exhaustive list of substances that can be classified as dangerous. This list includes, among other things, gasoline, kerosene and almost all other flammable substances.
At the same time, ADR allows the transportation of these hazardous substances to private individuals for personal use and for resale, but with a limited quantity and only in a certain container.
The provisions of ADR do not apply:
- to the carriage of dangerous goods by private persons when these goods are packaged for retail sale and are intended for their personal consumption, use in the home, leisure or sport, provided that measures are taken to prevent any leakage of the contents under normal conditions of carriage. When such goods are flammable liquids carried in refillable receptacles filled by or for a private person, the total quantity shall not exceed 60 liters per vessel and 240 liters per transport unit.
That is, dangerous goods in the form of the same gasoline or diesel fuel, for example, we can transport in a volume of no more than 240 liters in total (this is a little more than one barrel) and bottled in vessels of no more than 60 liters each.
There are also requirements for vessels - they must not allow liquid to leak out, because plastic cans don't fit here. Gas stations, however, sell canisters made of special plastic that is not corroded by fuel.
What is the penalty for transporting dangerous goods?
For violation of the rules for the transport of dangerous goods, we will face a fine under article 12.21.2 of the Code of Administrative Offenses in the amount of 2 to 2.5 thousand rubles or deprivation of rights for a period of 4 months to six months if we are private individuals, and even more if we are officials or legal entities .
12.21.2 Administrative Code:
1. Transportation of dangerous goods by a driver who does not have a certificate of training for drivers of vehicles carrying dangerous goods, a certificate of admission vehicle for the carriage of dangerous goods, a special permit or an emergency card of the hazard information system provided for by the rules for the transport of dangerous goods, as well as the carriage of dangerous goods in a vehicle whose design does not comply with the requirements of the rules for the carriage of dangerous goods or which lack elements of the hazard information system or equipment or means used to eliminate the consequences of an accident during the transport of dangerous goods, or non-compliance with the conditions for the carriage of dangerous goods, provided for by these rules, entails the imposition of an administrative a fine on the driver in the amount of two thousand to two thousand five hundred rubles or deprivation of the right to drive vehicles for a period of four to six months; for officials responsible for transportation - from fifteen thousand to twenty thousand rubles; on the legal entities- from four hundred thousand to five hundred thousand rubles.
What substances are classified as dangerous goods?
Let's list the most common of them, which most often need to be transported! All substances have their own specific hazard class. First, we give a list of such classes, and then common substances and the hazard class assigned to them.
- Class 1 - Explosive substances and articles
- Class 2 - Gases
- Class 3 - Flammable Substances
- Class 4.1 - Flammable solids, self-reactive and solid explosives
- Class 4.2 - Substances capable of spontaneous combustion
- Class 4.3 - Substances which emit flammable gases when exposed to water
- Class 5.1 - Oxidizing substances
- Class 5.2 - Organic peroxides
- Class 6.1 - Toxic substances
- Class 6.2 - Infectious substances
- Class 7 - Radioactive substances
- Class 8 - Corrosive substances
- Class 9 - Other dangerous substances and articles
Hazardous Substances
| Substance or article | Class danger |
|---|---|
| ammo for weapons (including blanks) and ammunition | 1 |
| Gunpowder and detonators | 1 |
| bombs | 1 |
| Illumination rockets | 1 |
| firecrackers, sound and light distress signals | 1 |
| ammonium nitrate | 1 |
| Acetylene | 2 |
| Compressed air (including liquid) | 2 |
| Ammonia | 2 |
| Argon | 2 |
| Butane | 2 |
| Carbon dioxide | 2 |
| Chlorine | 2 |
| Cyanogen | 2 |
| Cyclopropane | 2 |
| Ether | 2 |
| Ethane | 2 |
| Fire extinguishers with compressed or liquefied gas | 2 |
| Helium | 2 |
| Hydrogen | 2 |
| hydrogen sulfide | 2 |
| methylamine | 2 |
| Lighters or lighter refills | 2 |
| Nitrogen compressed | 2 |
| Oxygen compressed or liquid | 2 |
| Propylene | 2 |
| Refrigerant gas | 2 |
| Acetone | 3 |
| Benzene | 3 |
| Camphor oil | 3 |
| Almost any adhesive | 3 |
| Aromatic liquid extracts | 3 |
| Ethyl alcohol (ethanol) | 3 |
| ethyl acetate | 3 |
| Fusel oil | 3 |
| Diesel fuel | 3 |
| Heating oil | 3 |
| gasoil | 3 |
| Petrol | 3 |
| Gasoline | 3 |
| Petrol | 3 |
| Nitroglycerin and its solutions | 3 |
| Hexane | 3 |
| Ink | 3 |
| Kerosene | 3 |
| methanol | 3 |
| Nitromethane | 3 |
| Paints (including enamels, dyes, varnish, varnish, solvent) | 3 |
| Perfumes containing flammable substances | 3 |
| Oil | 3 |
| coniferous oil | 3 |
| Resin oil | 3 |
| Medical tincture | 3 |
| Turpentine | 3 |
| Liquid antiseptics for wood | 3 |
| powdered aluminum | 4.1 |
| Matches | 4.1 |
| Naphthalene | 4.1 |
| Rubber | 4.1 |
| Activated carbon | 4.2 |
| alkaloids | 6.1 |
| Mercury and its acetates and many other derivatives | 6.1 |
| Any alkalis | 8 |
| Perchloric acid | 8 |
| Sulfuric acid | 8 |
| Acetic acid | 8 |
| Phosphoric acid | 8 |
| sulfurous acid | 8 |
| Aviation fuel | 3 |
| Pesticides | 5.2 |
A complete list of hazardous substances for transportation can be found at
Almost any business that is based on the transportation of goods with increased danger can bring good income to its owner. Every year this niche is replenished with new entrepreneurs, and the efficiency of the chosen direction does not fall.
We also note that this type of activity is relatively old, since its formation began in the 90s and is actively developing today.
Direction features
The cost of building a modern fuel transport facility is very high, and safety must always be the top priority. Moreover, for many companies it is not a problem to rent fuel trucks to fulfill their needs for the transportation of products. But the fuel transportation business will develop depending on what exactly you are going to do:
- only transportation of fuel;
- buying, transporting and selling.
Also, the development will be influenced by what types of fuel you plan to transport. If we are only talking about light versions of petroleum products, then you will have to create a limited list of acceptable options that you can deal with. But in any case, when choosing one or another option, you will have to carefully study the safety precautions when transporting goods. A specialist who will control everything will have to be responsible for this. important points transportation.
Transport options
In this kind of business, it makes no sense to limit yourself to just using road transport here is a list of all available options for this type of activity:
- tank trucks;
- wagons with tanks;
- water tankers;
- with the help of air transport;
- even with a simple passenger car using a special container for transportation.
In any case, using each of the above options, you can deliver oil products without any problems. For example, using air transport, it is possible to quickly transport a small amount of fuel over long distances. Using wagons with tanks, you can not very quickly transport fuel to the right place, but quite a lot at a time. In this case, the choice will already depend on your wishes and market needs.
Estimated Count
But let's look at a brief information about how much you need to invest at least to start implementing what was planned. For example, to buy one used MAZ car with a tank of just over 23,000 liters of fuel, you will need about 1,170,000 rubles. And for renting premises, hiring staff and other expenses, you will need to have at least 1,500,000 rubles in reserve. From this point on, you can already try to do business.
Regarding income, on such a car you can earn from 6,000 rubles for one transportation. But the cost must be calculated, since it will be influenced by distance and other nuances. If you carry out at least one transportation per day and receive more than 6,000 rubles for it, then the payback of such a business will be approximately 1 year. Well, the more cars you have at your disposal, the higher your profit will be in the end result.
Similar content
It may seem that there is nothing complicated in transporting fuel. He poured it into a large barrel, which is called a fuel truck, and carried it to customers in the same way that they carry water or milk. And the fuel truck itself is not much different from the milk truck. Yes, almost nothing! From the point of view of an amateur, this is true, but in reality, everything is much more complicated.
Let's start with the fact that any liquid fuel is dangerous goods, of which there are many. Their transportation is regulated by many laws, and therefore, the organization of such transportation has been and remains an important and crucial moment.
Document classifying dangerous goods - GOST R 52734-2007. All of them fall into the following categories:
- Explosives which, under certain conditions, may cause an explosion,
- Gas and its varieties (compressed, liquefied, dissolved, etc.),
- Flammable liquids, including explosive ones,
- Solid flammable substances, or having the properties of spontaneous combustion by themselves or in contact with water,
- Various oxidizing agents and peroxides,
- Substances of an infectious and toxic nature,
- radioactive material,
- Acids, alkalis, etc.,
- Other substances that are also considered dangerous, but do not fit into one of the above groups.
Group 3 is just diesel fuel, gasoline and other liquid petroleum products. Of course, it is not the most dangerous, but it requires quite certain security measures during transportation. Moreover, the law does not limit the methods of transportation. For example, diesel fuel can be delivered by any type of transport: rail, road, etc. In this case, any vehicle must be specially equipped and the personnel must have a special permit. The fuel truck must have UN N2 OOH sign and danger sign number 3 on the back and front:
In addition, if more than 1000 liters of fuel are transported, the following conditions must be met:
- Availability of a document with the specified route of transportation.
- Availability of ADR (European Agreement on the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods), that is, evidence of the driver's preparation for the transport of hazardous substances.
- The presence of a document stating that the vehicle is approved for the transport of dangerous goods.
- Designation of the vehicle with dangerous goods plates.
- Availability of fire extinguishers.
The tanker for transportation is prepared in a certain way. If other fuel was transported in it before filling, the tank must be thoroughly washed and dried. No mixing of combustible substances is allowed. The tank must be grounded, which will reduce the likelihood of spontaneous ignition of the transported fuel. The tank must be marked with a sign indicating the type of dangerous goods. In the case of transportation in road tankers, these same tanks must be painted in a bright orange or red color with the inscription "Flammable".
A driver who has undergone special training and medical supervision, has at least 3 years of experience in driving such a vehicle, and is not under the influence of any drugs, may be allowed to drive a vehicle carrying dangerous goods. The driver must have a trace. documentation:
- Certificate of admission of the vehicle (issued by the traffic police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs at the place of registration).
- Contract of carriage in accordance with applicable law.
- A document defining the route of transportation (must be certified and / or compiled by the departments and divisions of the traffic police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, through the territory of which the route passes).
- Emergency card (to be completed by the manufacturer of the hazardous substance).
- Consignment note.
Transporting fuel around the city of Moscow is even more difficult. You need to have a special license allowing the transport of dangerous goods inside the third transport ring. Our company has such a license and delivers fuel to any point in Moscow.
"Oil-Expo" - wholesale supplies of diesel fuel and gasoline in Moscow and the region.
The Ruchi oil depot in the Krasnogvardeisky district of the city is one of the three PTK oil depots and one of the largest in St. Petersburg. It is designed for the simultaneous storage of 118 thousand liters of fuel. Built in the 30s of the last century, it has been modernized several times, technical re-equipment is still underway.
The location is dictated by technology: Ruchi is a railway station, because it is along the rails in tanks that gasoline and diesel fuel come from the refinery to the city. At the same time, the tank farm can take 16 railway tanks of gasoline and the same amount of diesel fuel. And this is 1,900 tons of one-time discharge of oil products and the ability to process 128 tanks per day. Oil products are released into tank trucks automatically.
Automotive gasoline of grades AI-92, AI-95, AI-98 and diesel fuel of ecological classes "Euro-4" and "Euro-5" are stored here. Fuel from different tanks is poured into single tanks according to the octane number, even if the suppliers are different - this is the technology.
The proven fuel is poured into fuel trucks, and it is at this stage that so-called marketing additives are added to the fuel for AI-95 positions, sold as "improved". Fundamentally, they do not change the properties of the fuel. By the way, adding additives to increase the octane number is illegal, in which case gasoline or diesel will not comply with the technical regulations.
Quality control
While a new, more spacious laboratory is being built on the territory of the oil depot, the quality control of petroleum products is provided by the old, but solid Fuel Testing Laboratory, accredited by Rosstandart. Like the oil depot, it works around the clock. 18 people work here. They are connected at all stages of work with fuel: during acceptance, storage and release. Modern equipment (both foreign and domestic) of the laboratory practically duplicates what is used at existing refineries, and allows you to determine all the indicators of gasoline and diesel fuel.
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A rather bulky apparatus for determining the octane number of fuel worth 14 million rubles flaunts in a separate room of the laboratory. The procedure itself is quite noisy (hence the name "tap on the octane") and lasts about 20 minutes. Therefore, specialists in the field of petrochemistry are skeptical about all kinds of express tests to determine the octane number - they know that this process is time-consuming and expensive.
The quality of fuel at the oil depot is not lower than the 4th class.
For a car, it is important that the gasoline or diesel fuel poured into it be at least 3rd class or Euro-3. The 4th and 5th classes are more related to environmental standards and do not affect engine operation, but emissions.
Andrey Mikheev, CEO of PTK
The laboratory conducts mainly internal control. But any motorist can also apply here with a request to conduct a study. Suppose a driver suspects that his car has become worse after refueling. So, a control analysis will cost 4.5 - 6.5 thousand rubles, and a complete analysis of diesel fuel - from 25 to 30 thousand rubles. True, in each case the price is individual and depends on the purpose of the study.
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At the gas station
Arriving at a gas station, a fuel truck unloads its valuable cargo through creamy necks into fuel storage tanks (their volume can reach 50 cubic meters). They are located underground. By the way, there are gas stations that can hold more than 200 cubic meters, but then they are already considered mini-oil depots. Each neck of the tank is signed, so it's hard to make a mistake. The gas station operator is closely monitoring the drain. Each time a gas station employee takes a sample of fresh fuel, this is necessary in case the gas station claims the quality of the goods sold.