Adjusting valve clearances on the VAZ 2114. Why do I need valve adjustment and how to get rid of it? The main signs of failure

There are various knocks. In particular, why do valves knock on a cold engine? This question is not as simple as it seems at first glance. Let's try to figure it out.

KNOCKING OF THE ENGINE OF FRONT-DRIVE CARS VAZ

For front-wheel drive VAZ cars, engines may have different digital indices, since engines are installed on different car models. But basically all power units have the same, but they may differ:

8-valve or 16-valve cylinder head;
piston diameter;
Carburetor or injection fuel system;
Minor design features(different sensors, manifold configuration, etc.).

Various knocks can occur in the internal combustion engine, and it is not necessarily valve knocking. Knocks can occur:

In the piston group
In the crank mechanism;
In the gas distribution system;
IN attachments(in the water pump, etc.).

Why does the engine knock, which may be the cause of the knock:

insufficient amount of crankcase oil system;
wear of parts due to long-term operation;
factory defects;
engine overheating;
operation of the motor at constant maximum loads.

Knock has different character, it is sometimes difficult to determine the cause even for craftsmen with some experience in repair. But there is characteristic sounds, which are defined quite easily:

a sharp "dry" metallic sound, clearly audible when you sharply press the gas pedal. This is how the connecting rod necks (liners) knock crankshaft. This is a serious knock, at least it requires grinding the crankshaft;
the sound of a medium tone, with an increase in speed, it seems that something is rolling inside the internal combustion engine. Normally so knock pistons;
single clicking sound. With an increase in the number of revolutions, it seems to merge, and is similar to the sound of a working sewing machine. This is how parts of the gas distribution mechanism usually knock ( camshaft, pusher).

KNOCK

How do valves knock, how to determine it? The knock of the valves is usually quite sharp, clicking, high-pitched. He can knock not one, but several at once. To understand the cause of various noises in the gas distribution mechanism, you need to have at least a little idea about its structure. Timing VAZ 2114 consists of the following elements:

camshaft.
distribution gear.
Timing belt.
Pushers.
Adjusting washers.
intake and exhaust valves.

Basically, the circuit works as follows:

From the rotating crankshaft through the timing belt, the movement is transmitted to the camshaft gear;
The gear is rigidly fixed to the camshaft (fixed with a key and fastened with a bolt), so the shaft is also set in motion;
The camshaft cams press on the shim located in the outer part of the bottom of the pusher.
valve, the valve opens and closes when the crankshaft moves, the working mixture is filled in the internal combustion engine cylinders, the working cycle is completed.

The cause of knocking can be any link in the gas distribution mechanism. But here are the most common reasons:

Large gap between the camshaft cam and the pusher;
Wear of the camshaft bearings;
Depreciation of the seat in the cylinder head (cylinder head) under the camshaft;
Worked out uneven surface of the adjusting washer;
Breaking the seat under the pusher in the cylinder head.

ADJUSTMENT

In any case, if a characteristic valve knock occurs in the engine, it is necessary to check the condition of the valves. In this case, an adjustment should be made. To adjust the VAZ 2114 valves, shims are provided in the factory with a thickness of 3 to 4.5 millimeters, the thickness changes every 0.05 mm. We do the adjustment as follows (you will need a special shim puller and the washers themselves of various thicknesses):

Disconnect the gas cable bracket from the valve cover;
Remove the valve cover (two bolts);
We dismantle the timing belt cover;
We set the top dead center in the first cylinder of the internal combustion engine (there is a mark on the timing gear). How to combine the labels, you can see in the repair and operation manual. You can rotate the camshaft by the camshaft bolt clockwise. But this must be done carefully and without undue effort;
We check the gap with a set of automotive probes between the pusher and camshaft cams 1 and 3 of the valve in a row from the timing belt. The intake valve has a clearance of ~0.2 mm, while the exhaust valve has a larger average of ~0.35 mm;
We remove the adjusting washer, look at the marking (thickness is indicated by three numbers). Using mathematical calculations, we determine the required thickness to adjust the gap and install a new washer in place. Immediately check the resulting gap;
We turn the camshaft a quarter of a turn clockwise and adjust valves 2 and 5. After another quarter - 6 and 8, the last valves 4 and 7 are also adjusted after ¼ turn.
After adjustment, we assemble everything in the reverse order, start and listen to the engine.

OTHER POSSIBLE TIMING KNOCKS

What should I do if the valves knock even after the adjustment has been made correctly? In this case, it is necessary to check the condition of the pushers, camshaft. To do this, the camshaft is removed and checked:

The integrity of the camshaft cams and the condition of its supports;
The gap between the pusher and the seat in the cylinder head;
The condition of the camshaft bed in the block head.

Many VAZ owners are concerned about the sound of valves on a cold engine. But the valves knock the same way both on the “cold” and on the “hot”. There are no rods in the timing of VAZ engines, as in some GAZ and UAZ engines, therefore, with heating, the gap at 2114 practically does not change.

Most likely, knocking on a cold one is not due to valves, but due to an increased gap between the pistons and cylinder walls in the piston group.

Aluminum pistons expand as they warm up and the gap decreases. Accordingly, the knock disappears.

FREQUENCY OF ADJUSTING VALVES VAZ 2114

The question arises for car owners - how often is it necessary to adjust the valves on the VAZ 2114 if they do not knock, and is it necessary to make an adjustment in this case? According to the factory settings, the valve should be adjusted every 20 thousand kilometers during the operation of the car.

Why carry out adjustment work if the VAZ 2114 valves do not knock? The fact is that over time, seat saddles wear out over time. The valve becomes higher and the clearance decreases. And too small a gap threatens with a loss of power and burnout of the exhaust valves. Before the due date, the clearance in the valves should be checked if a knock occurs and if they are suspected that they are clamped.

5 years ago

Welcome!
Valve adjustment - most people, of course, know what this process is and why it needs to be done regularly on some cars, for example, on the Classic, but there are people who don’t know anything about it and want to understand this issue, therefore, especially for such people this article was prepared from which you will learn a lot. And if something becomes unclear to you, then in this case, write a comment with your question at the very bottom of the site and we will answer it as soon as possible.

Note!
And in addition, at the end of the article, an interesting video clip awaits you, thanks to which you will understand a lot for yourself in adjusting the valve drive!

Why do you need to adjust the valves?

Their adjustment is necessary in order for the machine to work more stably both at high and at low revs engine. Because, as a rule, due to incorrect adjustment of the valves, the gaps that should be between the camshaft cam and the valve itself are violated, which leads to too much opening of the valve during engine operation and, as a result, depressurization will occur in the cylinder, which in turn can adversely affect the engine life .

Note!
In the event that the gap between the valve seat and the side particles of the cylinder has become very large (see photo below, this gap is marked there), then in this case the valve may burn out, and also if the piston stroke is very large, then meeting of valves with the piston itself during engine operation. Therefore, the valves must be adjusted periodically and with great care, since incorrectly set gaps during adjustment can again adversely affect the motor resource!

How will the valves work if the clearance is incorrectly set?

In this case, as mentioned earlier, the operation of the valves is disrupted, in connection with this, the valves either begin to open a little more than expected, or they begin to be in a constantly open position, due to which the sealing in the cylinder disappears, for clarity, look at the photo below on which the valve adjustment is violated and in connection with which the valve is in a permanently open mode.

How to get rid of valve adjustment?

Have you ever asked yourself: “Why, for example, on a 16-valve prior, do you not need to adjust the valves?” And the thing is that in the priors engine, instead of the “Pusher”, due to which the camshaft cam pushes the valve, there are “Hydro-compensators”, which, in turn, due to the high oil pressure, find the optimal gap between the cam and the “Hydro-compensator” itself valves and therefore valves always operate at optimum clearances.

Note!
By the way, "Hydro-compensators" can be installed on almost any car, and therefore you can forget about valve adjustment, but there is one But! "Hydro-compensators" can only be installed on cars in which the "Gas Distribution Mechanism - aka Timing" consists of a camshaft, crankshaft, as well as valves and a piston group - in fact, this is the main part of cars!

How to adjust valve clearances VAZ-2114 8 valves

If the VAZ- 2114 1.5 in other words 1.6 for eight valves “knocked” the valves, this indicates that the components need to be adjusted faster. Often, not all motorists immediately begin to eliminate such a malfunction, which leads to more severe consequences. After all, if timely adjustment is not performed, then the engine power will significantly decrease, the valve will burn out, and the camshaft may generally be unbalanced. Do not understand how to correctly adjust the valve clearances on the VAZ-2114 8 valves? Then we advise you to study the information that will be presented further.

Measuring the size of the gap

How to adjust the valve vaz 2114 8 valves.

intake valve - from 0.05 to 0.3.2 mm;
outlet valve - 0.05 to 0.35 mm

At work, you will need the following tools:

open-end and candle wrenches, it is better to have a set of such wrenches;
a tool that helps to sink the valve pusher, its price does not exceed 150 rubles;
a set of special probes;
washers for adjusting the width from 3 to 4.5 mm;
device called micrometer.

Valve adjustment on VAZ 2110, 2114, Kalina, Grant, 2109, 2108

Video instruction for adjusting the thermal clearances of valves on VAZ cars " front-wheel drive» from 2108 to Lada Kalina and Grants with 8-valve engines.

Step by step adjustment

Counting, as before, you need to start from the pulley.

After reading this article, there is an option to realize that without help others adjust valves for VAZ- 2114 easy enough. But if there is not the slightest desire to do this work without help others then you will have to go to a service station. The price of adjustment in a car service varies from 600 to 900 rubles. Specialists advise inspecting the gap and adjusting the valves every 25-30 thousand mileage, even if, according to the driver's recommendations, the car is working normally.

The gas distribution mechanism of the engine on a VAZ-2115 car is an adjustable design, which means that it is periodically necessary to set the required valve clearance using shims. It is necessary to carry out this procedure at the slightest knock in the cylinder head or every 45 thousand kilometers.

The frequency of valve adjustment on the VAZ-2115

The manufacturer regulates to carry out these works every 45 thousand run.

But quite often there is a need to adjust them much earlier, due to many reasons.

This indicator is primarily due to the quality of domestic spare parts, which wear out quite quickly even under ideal operating conditions.

Adjustment of valves

The appearance of a metallic knock at the top of a running engine, very similar to the sound of a sewing machine, will mean an increased gap between the camshaft cam and the valve lifter. This reason is caused by increased wear of the installed shim or camshaft cam.. If such a sound appears, it is necessary to adjust the valves as soon as possible, which will avoid big problems.

Much also depends on quality engine oil , which has a significant impact on the degree of wear of parts of the power unit.

Usage quality oil, guarantees good lubricity of parts, which will significantly extend the life of the camshaft and other engine components.

In this case, the need to adjust the valves occurs with a run of 30-35 thousand kilometers, and it is quite possible that it will only be necessary to measure the valve lifter gaps.

Why do you need to adjust the valves

The correct clearance of the valve lifters ensures stable operation of the power unit at full power. Valves are divided into two types:

Video about adjusting valves on the VAZ-2115

Conclusion

Many owners of a VAZ-2115 car do not pay due attention to the condition of the valve lifter clearances, as a result of which they are subject to increased wear of internal parts, which, at a minimum, will lead to costly repairs to the cylinder head.

Timely adjustment will allow power unit work properly and prolong its life.

When the engine is running internal combustion on the valves, the working edges are gradually developed. Consequently, all valves rise up over time. It is for this reason that it is necessary to adjust the VAZ-2114 valves. The design and drive on this car is much more reliable than on machines of the classic series.

But still, the frequency of checking the clearances in the valve mechanism is from 15 to 30 thousand kilometers. If not checked in time, the thermal gap may decrease, which will lead to engine inoperability. Correction must also be carried out when replacing the VAZ-2114 valves.

The main signs of failure

When they decrease or increase thermal gaps, the driver may observe a range of symptoms. The machine may even stall after warming up to operating temperature (after all, the metal expands when heated). Adjustment of the VAZ-2114 is necessary in the following cases:

Extraneous noise appears from the valve
When power is significantly reduced, which is especially noticeable at high load.
The engine is unstable.
Sometimes shoots and slams into the silencer.
Gasoline consumption increases significantly, despite the fact that all sensors are in good condition and the power system is functioning normally.

If you notice one or more signs, then you should definitely check the condition of the valves.

Preparing for Adjustment

Before starting work, you need to install the car on a flat area, then squeeze the handbrake. It is also advisable to turn on the increased speed to prevent the car from rolling. Then you need to do the following:

Raise any front wheel with the help of a jack. And place a reliable support under the car body.
Disconnect the breather hose.
Disconnect the drive cable from the throttle valve. To do this, remove the bracket.

But after that, it is necessary to measure the clearances of the intake and exhaust valves between the camshaft cams. On eight-valve engines, this work is very simple.

What should be the gaps

On VAZ-2114 cars, valve clearances should be as follows:

graduation - 0.35 mm;
inlet - 0.2 mm.

Permissible deviation is not more than 0.5 mm. Please note that the clearance measurement should only be carried out on a cooled engine.

All valves that are being tested must be closed. In order to understand that the valve is closed, you need to look at the camshaft. The cam located on it will be directed upwards. All exhaust valves are opposite exhaust manifold. The intake valves are slightly larger than the exhaust valves.

Clearance check

To check the clearances, it is necessary to set the first cylinder to top dead center. The check should be carried out according to the following scheme:

First you need to check the gap in the 6th and 8th valves, they are on the third and fourth cylinders. The feeler gauges should pass with little resistance between the cam and the follower. In the event that the probe does not enter or freely penetrates into the gap, it is necessary to make adjustments. This is done using washers with different thicknesses.

How adjustment is made

You will need a specially designed puller to remove the washers. It is sold in any store. Its cost is not very high, so you can easily buy it in any store. The adjustment procedure is as follows:

Screw the extractor tube onto the valve cover studs.
Insert the sickle-shaped part of the lever into the gap between the camshaft cam and the shim.
Press the puller lever and push the valve.
Install the box, which is included in the puller kit, between the camshaft and the glass.
After lifting the lever up, remove the washer.

It can be pulled out with two flat screwdrivers or fine tweezers. The second tool is much more convenient to use. Please note that it is undesirable to adjust the VAZ 2114 valves if you do not have sufficient experience.

Selection of pucks

The most difficult action in this work is to calculate the thickness of the new washers. According to the procedure for adjusting the VAZ-2114 valves, it is necessary to remove the washers and adjust the gap by selecting new ones. The selection looks something like this (the data is approximate, you will have others):

Measure the clearance between the valve and the cam. For example, it was 0.2 mm at graduation. And it should be 0.35 mm.
And the washer that is installed in this valve actuator has a thickness of 3.4 mm. This you found out by removing it and looking at the bottom.
You need to increase the gap by 0.15 mm. Therefore, it is necessary to install a new washer, the thickness of which will be 0.15 mm less than that of the old one.
The new washer should be 3.25 mm thick.

If you get a value that is not a multiple of 5, you need to choose a washer whose size is closest in value to the calculated one. By the same principle, washers are selected on the remaining valves. But is it worth it to adjust the VAZ-2114 valves on your own? If you have a large set of shims, then you can do this work yourself.

If you do not have such washers, then it is better to leave this work to professionals. The cost of adjusting the valves is about 800 rubles. A set of washers of various thicknesses will cost you at least 2000 rubles. Moreover, it is not a fact that one set will be enough. But if in your city there is a problem with good craftsmen, or you are used to trusting only yourself, then you can purchase several kits and for many years not know problems with valve settings.

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