Alexander Vasiliev, a member of the State Duma Committee on Transport, the initiator of the creation of the Institute of Public Control, answered the questions of AiF.
Violations - mass
Sales of low-quality gasoline in Russia, according to various estimates, range from 30 to 70%. How is this even possible in a country where so much oil is produced? Have we still not learned how to make normal gasoline?
There are about 30 large oil refineries producing more than a million tons of fuel in our country, and about 90 small ones. And, alas, the work of these small enterprises is not always properly controlled. This is where poor quality gasoline comes into the market. Gas stations buy it and “improve” it in their own way: they dilute it, sell the 92nd under the 95th brand. Inspections of public control showed: there are a lot of violations! But this organization cannot reach all the small gas stations. Firstly, each such check costs money, which public figures do not always have. Secondly, the owners of many gas stations are trying to obstruct the inspectors. It happens that it comes to assault, the canister from the controllers can be snatched out of their hands. Or, knowing about the upcoming inspection, they simply close the gas station.
Having learned about this problem, we started working with public organizations that deal with fuel quality. To date, we have found violations not only in Moscow, but also in the Moscow, Vladimir, and Pskov regions.
- Punishment - a fine of up to half a million rubles. A good income to the budget, in my opinion, but, apparently, this amount is not high enough to scare unscrupulous manufacturers and tankers. In addition, in my memory, not a single gas station has yet been deprived of a license due to revealed violations. In order for the owners of gas stations to stop fooling the people, it is necessary to adopt changes in the legislation. First, the government should work more seriously with its supervisory bodies. Secondly, it is necessary to introduce higher penalties that would significantly hit the pockets of both unscrupulous manufacturers and owners of gas stations.Name is not a guarantee
While the government is thinking about how to change the legislation, what should we ordinary people do? How to understand that at the gas station I was not filled with gasoline or its quality leaves much to be desired?
Some car enthusiasts can already understand by smell that not everything is fine with the quality. But not all, of course, are such docks. So watch your fuel consumption. When the tank is illiquid, the flow rate increases. Even an inexperienced driver will understand this. When refueling at the same station, always keep receipts. If your car has stopped after the next refueling, then you can safely file a claim about a car malfunction. As for underfilling, try to always refuel full tank- it's easier to notice. Obviously, you have been deceived if you have a 50-liter tank and you have been filled with 60.
And the name of the gas station is a guarantee of quality? Are popular brands better than small, unknown ones?
You shouldn't trust anyone unconditionally. I'll give you a specific example. During the expedition from Vladivostok to the Crimea, I asked local road builders for advice on where it is better to refuel. In some regions, I was strongly advised not to do business with large, well-known K-companies. According to locals, many branded gas stations are not gas stations of this brand at all and sell gasoline of a completely different brand.
Massive underfilling of fuel was revealed at Russian gas stations: 76% of gas stations in the country were convicted of this. The authors of the study note that due to underfilling, the consumer sometimes buys fuel at an inflated price, which, moreover, does not meet the standards. At the same time, gas stations that sell fuel from large oil companies are the least deceived. Experts cite the economic situation in the country as the reason for the massive underfilling, which forces small gas stations to deceive consumers.
The Russian Federation of Car Owners (FAR) conducted a study, the results of which showed what percentage of gas stations deceive consumers by not adding fuel. Underfill monitoring of AI-92 and AI-95 was carried out at 34 filling stations in 13 constituent entities of Russia. During the monitoring, five integrated oil companies (VIOCs), 25 federal and regional networks, and eight small-network and private filling stations were inspected. For the study, FAR developed a method for determining fuel underfilling at gas stations in the "mystery shopper" mode, which allows you to determine the actual amount of fuel lowered into the car tank, as well as to select fuel to check the quality for compliance with the technical regulations of the Customs Union (TR CU).
“According to our method, a discrepancy of more than one percent between the paid and actually received fuel was taken as an underfill. As a result, underfilling was detected at 76% of the filling stations,” the FAR website says.
It is noted that underfilling among VINKs (these include Rosneft, Lukoil, Surgutneftegaz, Gazpromneft, Tatneft, Slavneft, Bashneft, RussNeft) amounted to 20%, one out of five ( underfilling of 1.63% - at the level of error), among federal and large regional networks it was detected in 81% of cases (average underfilling 4.97%, maximum 19.03%).
Underfilling among small chain and private filling stations was 100% (average underfilling 5.66%, maximum 8.03%). The average underfill for the sample was 5.05%, which means that it can actually be added to the price per liter.
As noted in the FAR, underfilling of fuel is not only a deception of the consumer, but also an element of unfair competition.
Using underfilling, unscrupulous market participants actually sell fuel at a higher market price, which does not yet meet the requirements of TR CU.
So, for example, a gas station in the Krasnodar Territory sold AI-95 at 44.70 rubles per liter, underfilling amounted to 19.03%, and in fact the consumer purchased fuel for 55.21 rubles per liter.
In the Moscow region, according to the same principle, the consumer overpaid more than four rubles per liter. Gas stations sold fuel at 39.90 rubles per liter, underfilling amounted to 12.8%, and in fact the consumer paid 44 rubles per liter.
The FAR notes that the reason for the underfill may be economic reasons.
“If the wholesale price for gasoline is higher than the retail price, then this inevitably leads to a decrease in the quality and quantity of fuel sold at gas stations, which means that we all have the risk of not only refueling fuel of dubious quality, but also paying “for air,” the statement says. message.
“Unfortunately, an ordinary consumer cannot influence this situation in any way,” the head of the FAR Sergey Kanaev told Gazeta.ru. - To prove something on the spot, even if the fact of underfilling is obvious, it will not work, and the advice to fill in 10 or 20 liters at dubious gas stations, as Peter Shkumatov advised, in my opinion is unlikely to help. This will definitely not be a guarantee against underfilling.
The situation can be corrected by developing a methodology for determining the amount of fuel in the mystery shopper mode and further determining the exact quantitative indicators. The methodology should be developed by the state, but control over the work of gas stations should be state-public”
“This is really a complete disgrace. Since there are such precedents, you need to understand. Because, of course, these underfills happen only at the very bottom, at the level of the gas stations themselves. Our state corporations should be instructed to deal with this issue and involve the security service, ”Ananskikh said RT.
Oleg Ashikhmin, First Vice President of the Russian Fuel Union (RTS), President of the Oil Club of St. Petersburg, commented on the news about the massive underfilling of fuel at Russian gas stations.
“These are special cases, and not a trend of today's oil products retail market. Unfortunately, what the FAR has revealed is taking place. And this is a legacy that we inherited from the Soviet Union.
The owner of a gas station is not interested in the fact that the car owner is underfilled. This often happens at the level of the operator, master. I know the situation from the inside. I know how the owners of companies pay great attention to this, security services are involved in this. But where there is an opportunity to take something somewhere, “our” people do it.
If you arrive at this station with a canister of gasoline and pour it into it, you will see whether you are topped up or not. This is theft, which is difficult to punish. And that's what the police should be doing. But in this case, you must immediately make a claim to the station operator so that they check the fuel dispenser (TRK) for supply in order to indicate the moment that you see that you are not topped up. And do not be afraid to contact the company's management,” Ashikhmin noted.
“The incident is related to the fact that unscrupulous owners of gas stations and employees who are not looked after, obviously, use a wide variety of tricks and deceive motorists.
First of all, it is necessary to oblige the owners of gas stations to put things in order in this matter, for example, through test purchases. Identify such cases and bring them to administrative and serious liability. In some cases, maybe even a criminal one, if we are talking about systematic deception of the consumer, ”Mayorov told RT.
Residents of the capital are interested in which gas stations are better to refuel in the city of Moscow. submitted filling station rating focuses on quality as well as the additional benefits that the stations offer.
Now to the question of which gas station is still the best in the capital. As you can see, the fact where you refuel and what is the quality of diesel fuel or gasoline plays a big role. Therefore, we have collected for you the best gas stations that operate on. The quality of the offered fuel, the level of trust and reputation of the company are taken into account. Yes, there may be exceptions due to unfair direct management of individual stations. But for the most part, it is at these gas stations that the most optimal fuel is offered.
Among the negative reviews, the most popular are complaints about underfilling fuel. The organization does not respond to such complaints, the call center practically does not work. As for the positive impact on the engine and transmission of a car, it is actually quite difficult to evaluate it - this requires long-term use. Although the engine is almost inaudible after refueling, it runs smoothly and without failures. Users also confirm lower fuel consumption and cost savings. The most significant drawback of the company is the lack of service and qualifications of personnel at some gas stations in Moscow, as well as the uneven quality of the fuel itself.
EKA does not develop or produce oil, but only buys fuel from large importers and sells it in retail chains. He is a representative of the Moscow Fuel Association, has positive results of all checks. Among the advantages of the company, it is worth highlighting the seasonality, quality and environmental friendliness of products. The organization is also famous for more than 1,000 partner companies and the trust of Russia's largest suppliers, including Rosneft, Lukoil and Sibneft.
Positive reviews testify to high-quality service and fuel, which has not failed yet. Compliance with GOSTs and technical regulations The site is not confirmed in any way. Discount cards and the opportunity to pay for fuel with special bonuses "Thank you" are also available. On the other side, negative feedback indicate underfilling of fuel at various gas stations, lack of feedback and a working hotline. The company's management states that it does not always have the ability to control the work of gas stations in distant ones.
Tatneft is one of the fuel distributors budget segment, which won the trust and popularity among the capital's motorists. The organization does not produce fuel, but simply sells the products of the largest oil refineries in the country, carefully controlling the quality of each delivery in specialized laboratories. The organization claims that only the best additives are used for fuel, which do not have a negative effect on the vehicle's running system and protect engines from rapid wear.
Reviews indicate that at Tatneft gas stations the octane rating of the fuel corresponds to the declared one. At the same time, the company is constantly modernizing filling stations in order to compete with market leaders. To do this, new cafes are regularly opened and the range of services and goods in minimarkets is expanding. It is also a plus that Tatneft openly says that additives are added to the fuel.
Most motorists use Tatneft services solely due to low cost fuel. At the same time, almost half of the reviews are negative - the quality of services at different points varies.
This is a relatively new network of gas stations in Moscow, which quickly gained popularity among motorists in the capital. Customer audits show that the company provides mid-range, environmentally friendly and affordable fuels. Management claims that in order to improve the quality of service, inspections and modernization of gas stations are regularly carried out. And this is noticeable in the service in cafes and places of rest. The track is a supplier of a new type of fuel - Premium Sport, which increases acceleration and dynamics. Gasoline is recommended for powerful cars with a lot of horsepower.
Customer reviews are generally positive. Cafes and minimarkets are equipped on the territory of most Gas Stations of Trass. The company cooperates with other fuel suppliers and provides fuel cards valid for partners. Many drivers write that the car really drives further on diesel fuel from the Route. On the other hand, some innovations of the organization caused a negative reaction. For example, recently it is impossible to pay for gasoline immediately after refueling. Drivers also complain about the quality of fuel in remote areas of the capital. In the central part of the service and the quality of gasoline on top.
British Petroleum is one of the largest networks not only in Moscow and Russia, but throughout the world. The company is engaged in the extraction and sale of fuel in its own network of filling stations. The main partner in Russia is Rosneft, which contributes to the development of new sources and technologies for oil production. The company has recommendations from such global automotive brands like Jaguar, Volvo, Skoda, etc.
BP's main trump card is the special Activ gasoline with unique properties, the sale of which in Russia began in the early 2000s. Manual claims special fuel cleans injectors diesel engine, combustion chambers and valves. Thanks to this, after 30 hours of operation, the engine almost completely restores power. It is also worth highlighting the list of permanent reorganizations of the service and the filling stations themselves, which are then taken over by the largest representatives of the segment. On the territory of Russia today there are 5 oil refineries, from where fuel supplies are made.
On the other hand, the company has repeatedly been involved in major scandals. For example, in 2012, management received allegations of market discrimination and artificially inflating fuel prices, after which they remain one of the highest filling stations in our ranking. The biggest scandal occurred in 2010, when the Deepwater Horizon oil platform exploded in the Gulf of Mexico. As a result of the incident, the fuel rating was downgraded by one point, and the company still suffers losses and eliminates the consequences of the accident. Despite this, the quality of the fuel remains the best among others.
International experts rate the quality of Rosneft's fuel and service at gas stations as one of the best in the region. The organization has implemented its own standards of service, quality control and fuel characteristics. Rosneft has abandoned the services of third-party authorities and has its own mobile laboratories that control the quality of products at all stages of delivery - from production to direct transportation to filling stations. Such laboratories also perform regular random checks of service and quality at all gas stations in Moscow. The company is an official partner of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and other major representatives of the segment.
Rosneft has a license from British Petroleum, which indicates the high quality of fuel, compliance with European standards and constantly updated technologies. In addition to gasoline, Rosneft gas stations offer all types of fuel, including diesel, gas and motor oils. There are more than 1,000 filling stations in Russia, the lion's share of which is located in Moscow.
The main advantage of the company over other participants in the rating is that it employs Feedback. Hot line really handles customer complaints and provides audit results. On the other hand, many drivers leave negative reviews indicating poor service.
In 2014, every fourth driver named Gazprom Neft as their preferred filling station in terms of gasoline quality. To thank customers for their loyalty, the company is improving the Going the Same Way loyalty program, which has more than 11.4 million members in 29 regions of Russia, most in Moscow. Members can collect points for fuel, products and services at gas stations.
One of the key tasks set by the company's management is to maintain the high quality of fuel, engine oil and other products available at their petrol stations. Most of the fuel comes from the Moscow, Yaroslavl and Omsk refineries, which are among the most advanced in Russia. In 2013, the company's refineries switched to the production of Euro-5 motor fuel.
In 2014, after completing its quality assurance program and switching to the production of Euro-5 standard fuel, Gazprom moved to the second stage of the plant modernization program - increasing the depth of processing and production of light petroleum products. The company's largest refining asset is the Omsk Refinery, which was the industry leader in 2014, processing a record 21.3 million tons of crude oil during the year.
Gazprom's gas stations in Moscow provide a wide range of low-cost services: free Wi-Fi, car wash, air pumps, water refills, fast pay terminals, ATMs, and a wide range of travel products, including own-brand products. Comfortable Drive Cafes provide customers with fresh pastries, delicious coffee or tea and everything they need for the road.
The organization keeps pace with best service practices and regularly increases the number of petrol stations. Information about the gas station network is available on an interactive map or through a mobile application.
The honorable first place in the top is occupied by one of the best gas station networks in Moscow, Lukoil. The organization boasts a large number of awards and certificates, offers any type of gasoline, including ecological and Euro-5. The high cost of fuel is justified by its really high quality - most reviews indicate that Lukoil gasoline does not harm the engine or running system car. That is why the majority of motorists in Moscow choose Lukoil as a permanent fuel supplier and refuel only here.
The company is successfully implementing a partnership program and since 2010 has been providing services to dealers and private distributors on a franchise basis. Each new gas station must necessarily meet the developed high standards and pass a rigorous selection process. Lukoil has its own refineries and laboratories.
It is up to you to decide where you will refuel your own car. But saving money by trying to fill in the cheapest gasoline is definitely not worth it. This brings with it many problems. And what gas stations in Moscow do you consider the best and why? Be sure to write your opinion in the comments and argue.
As a decent man, I love cars, and I don’t live in peace, I decided to check the quality of gasoline at gas stations in Moscow. Rosneft, Lukoil, Gazprom, BP and others tremble!
Car shops sell various test strips to check the quality of gasoline. But, it is clear that they cannot give complete data on the composition of gasoline and determine its compliance with all standards. Did this test not too long ago. macos . The experiment seemed interesting to me, but I decided to act for sure and went to a real testing laboratory for fuels and lubricants.
The first surprise was the search for a laboratory that can test gasoline. It turned out that there are not many such people in Moscow. I googled only two (Shell and Neftmagistral) suitable laboratories to which a private person can take gasoline for analysis without problems. Other laboratories either analyze oils, or are not close, or the analysis is unreasonably expensive, or cooperation with individuals is problematic. By the way, maybe someone knows why such laboratories do not like private individuals?
The choice fell on the Oil pipeline. In fact, I chose them because of the price (it turned out to be not the cheapest pleasure), and they are located quite close to Moscow (Vnukovo).
Having traveled along the Moscow Ring Road from Yaroslavka to Kievskoye Highway, I stopped at the following gas stations: Rosneft, Lukoil, BP, Neftmagistral, Gazpromneft. I poured gasoline into plastic canisters specially designed for gasoline. For testing, standard 95th gasoline was taken.
I post checks for gasoline for comparison - (price per liter / rubles): Neftmagistral - 33.20, Gazpromneft - 34.05, Rosneft - 34.10, Lukoil - 34.52, BP - 34.59. I could not resist on BP, I bought mineral water-). The main question is what is the difference and does cheaper gasoline differ from expensive gasoline, is it more useful to feed cars, and is there any difference in general than to feed?
To make everything as independent as possible, I gave gasoline samples anonymously - under numbers. Although, looking ahead, I’ll say that after the analysis, we got into a conversation with a person who works there and, looking at the composition, he himself compared and named the brands of three probes. At that moment, I felt real respect for a person who knows the market so well and knows the compositions and differences of gasoline of different brands.
The laboratory is equipped with the latest technology. I wouldn't call it big, but the equipment is amazing. The following fuel parameters were analyzed: octane number, fractional composition, content of sulfur and aromatic compounds. Like it or not, these gasoline test strips cannot be detected in any way. BUT good gasoline- this is not only excellent running and accelerating characteristics of the car, but also a guarantee of its smooth operation and serviceability. I think that those who are under warranty and call in for MOT have heard sighs from the masters many times about dirty candles and bad gasoline.
Let's take a closer look at a few devices. Below UIT-85M. The device was made in Russia at the Savelovsky Machine-Building Plant. This unit determines the octane number. The device simulates the operation of the engine using only one cylinder, then the installation compares the standard with the gasoline received for research.
With an octane number, all brands turned out to be in order. Everything is within the normal range.
We test further. The sulfur content of gasoline helps determine the spectrometer. The active sulfur compounds contained in gasoline cause severe corrosion fuel system and transport containers. Inactive sulfur compounds do not lead to corrosion, but the gases formed during their combustion cause rapid abrasive wear of engine parts, reduce power and worsen the environmental situation.
And this device for determining the chemical composition. In a few seconds, it gives a detailed analysis of the composition.
An apparatus that determines the fractional composition of gasoline.
Apparatus for determining the density of an oil product
Apparatus for determining the pressure of saturated vapors
Equipment for the analysis of diesel fuel differs significantly. But I didn’t have diesel fuel with me, so I couldn’t see exactly how the device works, but I managed to capture it:
Apparatus for determining actual resins
But the most important thing is the final results, it was for them that I came to the laboratory. In fact, the results were unexpected. I was sure that at least half of the grades would turn out to be unusable, but ... almost all gasoline turned out to be within the standards, the only thing was that Lukoil "let down".
Lukoil AI-95 gasoline does not comply with GOST R 51866-2002 in terms of a number of fractional composition indicators. The first discrepancy: the end of boiling (this indicator should not be higher than 210C, for Lukoil it is 215.7C). Consequences: increased fuel consumption and carbon formation in the combustion chamber of the engine cylinder. The second discrepancy: by the share of aromatic hydrocarbons. Consequences: soot on candles during the passage of the next MOT. All this can be seen in the test report. That is, this gasoline will not only increase fuel consumption, but also significantly increase engine wear.
The indicators of the fractional composition and the compliance of these parameters with the norm are one of the main ones, since they can be used to determine the engine warm-up rate, its throttle response, starting qualities, and the uniformity of engine operation at idling. To decipher all the indicators, you can use this "dictionary".
By the way, Gazprom stood out in terms of sulfur content, but according to this indicator, everything is within the normal range for all brands.
Lukoil and Gazprom turned out to have the lowest octane numbers, the higher it is, the better gasoline resists detonation) - 95.4, BP has a little higher - 95.5, but still not the maximum, although I repeat that everything is within the normal range, but without much effort.
Other protocols can be found here
Oil pipeline:
Rosneft:
In general, I am surprised, I still expected more violations-) Perhaps the fact is that gasoline was taken in Moscow, we apparently undergo constant checks. It would be interesting if someone living in the region would take the baton and conduct similar analyses.
Question to the studio, is it worth overpaying for a brand, if in the end the quality is the same for everyone, and some expensive brands also cheat a little? Have you personally come across low-quality gasoline? Tried to somehow prove the manufacturer of his guilt? Have you contacted such laboratories? And, in fact, what are you guided by when choosing a gas station, because, as it turned out, a high price is not always a guarantee of quality ...
Previously, this was not the case: a motorist, getting out of the car, put the gun into the neck himself and went to pay for gasoline at the cash desk. Later, nice young people appeared at gas stations, ready to do this simple job for him. And also - wipe the windows or pump up the wheel.
Today, tankers (one or more) are on duty at almost any gas station (for sure, at large network ones). Many do not understand why they are needed. And really, why?
In fact, the gas station attendant is not there to please you. And not because the director of the gas station needs somewhere to attach his offspring, an idiot. It turns out that his appearance at the gas station is connected with ... security. Most motorists cannot correctly and safely perform the procedure for installing a fuel dispenser gun in the neck fuel tank by car. The danger is stored in the fingertips conducting static electricity during the ride. You may not know, but you “gain electricity” all the time: when rubbing your back against the synthetic upholstery of chairs, against plastic elements (for example, about the steering wheel), etc. Electrified clothing is a serious hazard. During refueling, touching metal surfaces may spark. In this case, gasoline vapors from the tank are displaced by the incoming fuel and form an explosive cloud around the neck. It's close to the fire here. Or maybe an explosion.
That is why special people appeared at gas stations - refuellers who help motorists with refueling cars. They wear special clothes and think only about safety. What if it still "takes off"? Well, then the car owner will have a chance to sue the operator for the damage caused to him and his car.
Actually, not everyone can entrust a stranger with the sacrament of pouring gasoline into the tank of their car. Conclusion: you yourself must observe safety measures when performing this procedure. First, when driving to the gas station, avoid synthetic clothing and silk products. When rubbing, excuse me, the sirloin on the chair, you accumulate an electric charge on the body. Well, if you "reset the static" in the supermarket (through the cart). How about at a gas station?
Secondly, when refueling a car, it is better not to touch the filling gun with your hands at all. Before you open the gas tank cap, stroke your car. This is not a ritual, but an attempt to remove static electricity from the body. Just do it with your bare hands, not with a glove. Carry out the same procedure for the fuel dispenser (it must be grounded) - remove the accumulated charge. While refueling is in progress, do not sit in the driver's seat - stay outside the car. Before removing the gun from the tank, just in case, touch the column again.
And here are some more tips about refueling a car at a gas station. Objects electrify faster in sunny and dry weather. Thus, there is less chance of gaining a static charge - in winter during rain or snow. For the same reason, it is not recommended to collect fuel in plastic canister. For storage and transportation of fuel, only iron containers should be used.
The instructions also advise against using cell phones in the process of refueling a car and turn off the engine to avoid generating electromagnetic fields that can cause static charges on the car body. By the way, turning off the engine when refueling a car is required by law (clause 451 of the "Rules for the fire regime in the Russian Federation").