Engine oil sae 50 specifications. Chevron RPM Synthetic Transmission Fluid

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OIL VISCOSITY- this is the main indicator of quality, which is common to all oils. The ambient temperature range depends on this indicator, in which this oil provides engine start without preheating, unhindered pumping of oil through the lubrication system by the pump, reliable lubrication and cooling of engine parts at the highest permissible loads and ambient temperature.
For an engine or any other mechanism, it is necessary to use oils with an optimal viscosity, the value of which depends on the design, operating mode and degree of wear, ambient temperature and other factors. The viscosity of engine oil, firstly, is an indicator of its lubricating properties, since the quality of lubrication, the distribution of oil on friction surfaces and, thereby, engine wear depend on viscosity. Secondly, the energy loss during engine operation depends on the viscosity. The higher the viscosity, the thicker the oil film and the more reliable the lubrication, but the greater the power loss to overcome fluid friction.

At present, the only classification system for automotive motor oils recognized in foreign countries is the specification SAE J300(Society of Automotive Engineers USA) Society of Automotive Engineers)).

Class SAE indicates the ambient temperature range in which the oil will ensure the engine cranking by the starter, oil pumping by the oil pump through the engine lubrication system under pressure during cold start in a mode that does not allow dry friction in the friction units, and reliable lubrication in summer during long-term operation at maximum speed and load mode.

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SAE viscosity grades

In urban traffic and sports driving, as well as when the air temperature is high, the engine is exposed to high temperatures. It is important to use an oil that retains its viscosity to a large extent at high temperatures to protect the engine.
Conversely, when the engine is cold, the oil tends to thicken. In this case, it is important that it remains liquid even at low temperatures in order to flow through the engine, protect its parts and facilitate starting.
Reliable operation of the engine largely depends on the viscosity of the oil, which must be selected according to the ambient temperature and operating conditions. In order to avoid incorrect selection of oil according to the level of viscosity, instead of the concepts of "liquid", "viscous", "high viscosity", a special classification of motor oils by viscosity was developed.

This classification subdivides engine oils into 11 viscosity grades:
on6 winter(0W, 5W, 10W, 15W, 20W, 25W) And
5 summer (20,30,40,50,60) viscosity classes.
Oils with a viscosity grade greater than SAE 60, refer to transmission.
summer oil has sufficient viscosity to provide reliable lubrication at high temperatures, but is too viscous at low temperatures, making it difficult to start the engine at low air temperatures.
low viscosity winter oil facilitates cold start of the engine at low temperatures, but does not ensure its lubrication in the summer when the temperature of the oil in the engine exceeds 100°C. It is for these reasons that all-weather grades of oils, which have a lower dependence of viscosity on temperature, are most widely used today.

Multigrade oils marked with a double number xxWxx, first of which indicates maximum values ​​of dynamic oil viscosity at low temperatures and guarantees starting properties (pumpability of oils at low temperatures), and second- defines oil viscosity at engine operating temperature(range of kinematic viscosity at 100°C and dynamic viscosity at 150°C). Index W("winter", that is, "winter") means "winter". The greater the difference between the two numbers, the more uniform the oil characteristics will be with temperature changes.
For example, SAE 10W40 Where: 10W= winter viscosity, 40 = summer viscosity
The less number before indexW, the lower the viscosity and the easier it is to start the engine in winter (i.e. the more the oil will retain its fluidity in cold weather or when starting the engine). The more number after indexW, the more the oil will retain its viscosity when heated.However, the viscosity of all-weather oils does not change much, i.e. lubricating qualities both in summer and winter remain quite high.
Series all-season oils: SAE 0W-20, 0W-30, 0W-40, 0W-50, 0W-60, 5W-20, 5W-30, 5W-40, 5W-50, 5W-60, 10W-30, 10W-40, 10W -50, 10W-60, 15W-30, 15W-40, 15W-50, 15W-60, 20W-30, 20W-40, 20W-50, 20W-60.
Oils by SAE 10W-20, 15W-20, 20W20, 20W-30, 25W-30 are not all season.

Monoseason oils typically used when operating temperatures do not vary much (or for special applications).

Thus, the SAE viscosity grade helps to determine the ambient temperature range at which the oil will ensure normal engine operation - cranking it with a starter, pumping oil through the lubrication system with a cold start and reliable lubrication in summer during long-term operation at maximum speeds and loads.

By the designation of viscosity, it is possible to determine the nature of engine oil with almost 100% accuracy. If it is synthetic, then typical viscosity designations will be - 0W40, 5W40; if the oil is semi-synthetic - 10W40, 10W30; with the mineral nature of the oil, viscosity is usually denoted as follows: 15W40, 20W50. Although there are exceptions.
Oil marked 5W- the most liquid in the cold and is suitable for any cold.
Oil marked 10W ensures the start of the motor up to -30 degrees C, i.е. suitable for daily winter driving in the temperate zone.
Oil marked 15W can create starting difficulties at a temperature of about -25 degrees C, although with a powerful starter and a good battery, range expansion is also possible. In temperate climates - a suitable oil for year-round driving.
Oil marked 20W- for sufficiently warm places where the temperature can rarely drop to -20 degrees C. Most often, this oil is used in racing and rally cars.

Relationship between viscosity marking and operating temperature range.

In order not to make a mistake in choosing oil for the winter, it is useful to remember the so-called "Rule 35". It is necessary to subtract the winter viscosity index from the number 35 (the first digit in the oil viscosity designation), add “minus” to the resulting figure - get the maximum temperature of the oil pumpability. For example, 10W-40 oil (summer index 40 does not play a role) remains fluid up to -25 degrees Celsius (35-10 \u003d 25).
Rule 35 is ideally applicable to mineral water, but, unfortunately, it is not very suitable for evaluating synthetics - it has very special viscosity-temperature characteristics. The use of synthetics or semi-synthetics, as a rule, changes this ratio, lowering the start-up temperature by another 5 degrees. So, for example, class 10W-40 synthetics can also be designed for -50. In general, synthetics are always colder than mineral waters of the same viscosity class, so it is almost impossible to make a mistake (and freeze) with it.

It is necessary to pay attention to the fact that for engines of various designs, the temperature ranges for the performance of oils of this class according to SAE differ significantly. They depend on the power of the starter, the minimum starting speed of the crankshaft required to start the engine, on the performance of the oil pump, on the hydraulic resistance of the oil intake tract and many other structural, technological and operational factors (technical condition of the vehicle, quality of gasoline or diesel fuel, driver qualifications and etc.). Each automobile firm, taking into account the type of engine, recommends its own range of application of the same oil, depending on the ambient temperature. This range must be indicated in the operating instructions.

The table shows the operating temperature ranges for VAZ vehicles, depending on the SAE viscosity marking of common oil groups.

Relationship between operating temperature ranges and labeling
viscosity of motor oils for VAZ vehicles

Of the oils developed in the former USSR and well-proven, the following motor oils should be mentioned:

1. M-6 / 12G (all-weather, from -20 degrees C to +45 degrees C);
2. M-5 / 10G (all-weather, from -30 degrees C to +30 degrees C).

It should be remembered that the SAE oil class characterizes only the viscosity of the oil and does not provide information about its performance properties. Thus, if the canisters are labeled SAE 15W40, SAE 20W50, SAE 30, SAE 5W, then this only indicates the viscosity of the oil, its fluidity, but it does not say at all whether it is suitable for your car. Viscosity classification evaluates only the properties associated with the fluidity, viscosity of the oil, but does not provide information about all its other properties.

Preliminary recommendations for the selection of oils by viscosity:

— with vehicle mileage less than 25% from the planned engine resource (or new engine) it is necessary to use oils of classes SAE 5W-30 or 10W-30 all season;
— at car mileage 25-75% from the planned resource of the engine (technically serviceable engine), it is advisable to use in summer oil grades SAE 10W-40, 15W-40, A winter — SAE 5W-30 And 10W-30, all season — SAE 5W-40;
— with a car mileage of more than 75% from the planned engine resource ( old engine) should be applied in summer oil grades SAE 15W-40 And 20W-50, winter — SAE 5W-40 And 10W-40, all season — SAE 5W-50.

When operating the engine winter(at temperatures below -15 ° C) leading engine manufacturers recommend the use of synthetic, semi-synthetic and mineral oils with a viscosity SAE 0W40, 5W40, 10W40, 0W30, 5W30, 10W30, summer(at temperatures from -15оС and above) — mineral oils with viscosity SAE 15W40. For sports use

Chevron RPM Synthetic Transmission Fluid
Transmission Fluid for Manual Transmission
SAE 50

ADVANTAGES

Chevron RPM® Synthetic Transmission Fluid has the following properties that provide added value to consumers:

Enhanced Heat and Oxidation Resistance - The synthetic petroleum-based base oil in this transmission fluid provides exceptional stability;
. High Viscosity Index and Low Pour Point - The excellent long lasting properties of the synthetic base oil allow the transmission fluid to be used over a wider operating temperature range than mineral fluids.

PROPERTIES

Chevron RPM® Synthetic Transmission Fluid is specially formulated for use in large trucks. It is formulated with a synthesized hydrocarbon base oil that has excellent oxidation and high temperature stability, a high viscosity index and a very low pour point. This product also has exceptional shear stability even under very severe conditions.

Thanks to its low pour point and exceptional fluid pumpability even at very low temperatures, Chevron RPM Synthetic maintains excellent lubricity even in sub-zero temperatures, while the increased viscosity index provides excellent lubricity at high operating temperatures. Due to the resistance of the oil film to friction and foaming due to the low viscosity of the crude oil from which the base oil is formulated, this transmission fluid can be used at lower temperatures than conventional mineral-based lubricants.

APPLICATION

Chevron RPM Synthetic transmission fluid, with its high low temperature pumpability and high viscosity index, can be used in any climate zone and at any time of the year. The use of this product facilitates gear changes even at very low temperatures and reduces wear during engine start-up and gear changes.

Chevron RPM Synthetic Transmission Fluid:

Meets requirements:
. Company Specifications" Rockwell International" № 081;
. Company Specifications" Eaton Transmission Division No. PS 164.

Approved for use under warranty 750000 mil.

Approved for use in:
. transmission systems" Eaton Roadranger";
. transmission systems" Meritor(of the Rockwell Company).

TYPE TEST DATA

Average type test data. During normal production, small deviations are possible, which will not affect the characteristics of the product.

STORAGE

All packages must be stored under a canopy. If outdoor storage is unavoidable, drums should be laid horizontally to prevent rainwater from getting inside and washing the markings off the drums. Products should not be stored above 60 C, exposed to direct sunlight or frozen. See Material Safety Data Sheet for health, safety and environmental information. It details potential hazards, provides warnings and first aid measures, as well as information on environmental impacts and how to dispose of used products.

Disclaimer: Chevron Corporation disclaims all liability for any loss or damage of any kind resulting from the use of this product for purposes other than those expressly indicated on the lubricant data sheet.

Safety, Storage, Health and Environment: Based on current information, this product does not cause any adverse health effects, provided it is used for its intended purpose and in accordance with the recommendations on the Safety Data Sheet for this product. You can obtain Material Safety Data Sheets from your local sales office or online. This product must only be used for the purpose for which it was intended. Dispose of this product in an environmentally responsible manner and in accordance with local laws.

Any modern car cannot do without oil, which, in addition to being in the engine, is also poured into the transmission. There is a whole variety of this consumable on the market and there is a whole table of viscosity of motor oils. The designation of viscosity in it makes it possible to easily select the composition necessary for your vehicle. You just need to be well versed in such an indicator as viscosity.

What it is? Why is viscosity so important? And in general, what important role does oil play in an engine or in transmission elements? The answers to these and other questions will be presented in this article.

The key role of oil

The importance of the presence of oil in the engine is difficult to overestimate, since it is entrusted with the most important task - to reduce the friction of the surfaces of parts. Unfortunately, not all drivers attach importance to this. There are those who forget about oil in general, and then, in the end, the engine completely fails due to significant damage.

However, engine oil has another equally important property depending on the viscosity index. The fact is that thanks to oil lubrication, the efficiency of antifreeze is noticeably improved, and this prevents the engine from overheating.

During engine operation, mechanical and thermal processes constantly occur in it, due to which it can overheat. Thanks to the circulation of engine oil, which reaches many parts, excess heat is efficiently removed from the power plant. At the same time, it is distributed between all surfaces to which it enters.

But, in addition to removing heat and reducing friction, engine oil collects various “garbage”. As a result of friction of parts, metal dust is formed, which on some car models looks like shavings. Circulating through the engine, the oil, due to its viscosity, collects this dust, which then settles in the filter.

According to the viscosity table, the efficiency of work depends on the kinematic viscosity. Therefore, it is worth studying this characteristic in more detail.

What is meant by the term viscosity?

We have all heard that oil has viscosity, but not everyone understands exactly what it is. Under this definition, we can consider the main indicator of the quality of consumables. In other words, viscosity is the ability to maintain its fluid properties under the influence of temperature changes. That is, from the lowest values ​​in winter to the highest values ​​in summer, at maximum engine loads.

At the same time, the value is not permanent, but temporary and depends on a number of factors, including:

• engine design;
• mode of operation;
• the degree of wear of parts;
• ambient temperature.

In all countries of the world, without exception, a single oil has been introduced - SAE J300, which can be presented in the form of a table of viscosity of motor oils. The first three letters are the designation of the American Society of Automotive Engineers. In English it looks like this: Society of Automotive Engineers.

According to this system, the conventional units with which this or that brand is marked indicate the degree of viscosity according to SAE VG (Viscosity Grade). It is worth considering in more detail how exactly the consumables are divided.

Kinematic and dynamic viscosity

There are two concepts of viscosity of motor oils:

1. kinematic;
2. dynamic.

kinematic Viscosity is the ability of an oil to maintain its fluidity under normal or high temperature conditions. At the same time, 40 ° C is considered the norm, and 100 ° C is considered elevated. To measure the kinematic viscosity of engine oil, special units are used - centistokes.

At dynamic or absolute viscosity, there is no dependence on the density of the consumable itself. This takes into account the resistance force of two layers of oil located at a distance of a centimeter and moving at a speed of 1 cm / s. The measurement is carried out using special equipment - a rotational viscometer. The device is able to recreate the operation of engine oil in conditions as close as possible to real ones.

Features of the classification of motor oils

Depending on the degree of fluidity index, there are a total of 12 classes of lubricants. At the same time, all liquids belong to winter and summer varieties (6 classes, respectively). Each marking has a numeric or alphanumeric designation (or viscosity index).

By and large, any oil is able to work under any conditions. However, for SAE indicators, an important role is given to the lower temperature limit. Oils with a W prefix to the index (from the word winter - winter) have the lowest possible temperature pumpability threshold. This means that starting the engine in winter (in especially frosty conditions) will be safe.

All-weather motor oils are awarded a separate classification. According to SAE, they have a double designation. That is, the value of kinematic viscosity is first indicated during successful tests at the lowest possible temperature. The second value, as you can already understand, is at the very maximum.

Some manufacturers use the letter W in the designation of certain oils. So you can immediately guess that this is winter motor oil. All six classes are labeled as follows:

If you need to find out at what negative temperature the car will successfully start, you should subtract 40 from the designation in front of the letter W. For example, you are interested in oil under the index SAE 10W. After an easy calculation, we get the desired value -30°C.

That is, a special viscosity table can not even be used. Although for reliability it does not hurt to make sure that you make the right choice.

summer oils

In the classification of oils according to SAE, summer consumables do not have any letters in the designation, which is understandable. And their classes in the table already look like this:

The higher the index, the higher the viscosity index of the oil. That is, for a hot climate, it has a thicker consistency. For this reason, these oils must not be used at ambient temperatures below 0°C. Due to their viscosity, they show their properties in the best way only in the summer heat.

All-weather motor oils

Combine all the properties of winter and summer oils. Therefore, they also have a joint designation, separated by a dash. Eg:

1. 0w-50;
2. 5w-30;
3. 15w-40;
4. 20w-30.

The use of another designation for multigrade oils is not allowed (SAE 10w/40 or SAE 10w/40).

It is this type of consumable that has become most widespread among most drivers, due to the special viscosity grade of engine oil. There is no need to change the oil twice a season. However, all-weather oil is only suitable for those who live in the middle lane, where the climate is more favorable.

What affects the wrong choice of engine oil?

Typically, car manufacturers select individual oil flow indicators for each engine. This allows you to increase the efficiency of the engine with minimal wear. It is for this reason that it is worth following the recommendations of the automaker for each specific model. And the advice of acquaintances and friends, especially strangers, who are service station workers, is better not to be taken as truth.

However, human curiosity will never be the limit. What can happen if you use the "wrong" engine oil? There are two possible outcomes here:

• low temperature viscosity. In severe frosts, such oil has a very thick consistency, which makes it difficult to pump it into the engine. Engine oils with low temperature viscosity do not have such problems (for example, 5W). As a result, for some time the engine will run “dry” after starting. And while the lubricant still gets to the rubbing parts, they will have time to overheat and wear out.
• In the heat, the situation will not develop in the best way. Engine oil becomes too thin, and therefore is not able to linger on parts and create the necessary lubricating layer. The first victim of this oil starvation is usually the camshaft.

In this regard, it is necessary to choose the right oil for your car in order to avoid serious consequences. The main thing is that the viscosity should correspond to the conditions under which the car is operated.

Common Mistakes

Unfortunately, not all drivers prefer to choose a lubricant according to the SAE oil classification. Among them, two main mistakes are popular. Fans of fast driving refuse standard lubrication and prefer sports grades. However, this is a sure way to bring the engine of your car to its deathbed. This is the first mistake.

Others hold the second erroneous opinion. According to the owners of old cars, at that time there was still no good engine oil that would fully satisfy the needs of the "old women". Most of them are already set for major repairs.

This is fundamentally wrong, because at every stage of improving the technology of car production, the development of a suitable engine oil was also carried out at the same time. Two concepts (engine and oil) are, as it were, one whole, and it is unacceptable to separate them.

In addition, many compositions, in addition to the oil component, had various additives of synthetic origin. Therefore, the length of the vehicle does not matter here.

Finally

The table is compiled for a reason, because it is thanks to it that you can select the necessary lubricant for longer and more efficient engine operation. It should be remembered that the engine needs not only regular maintenance, but also the timely replacement of all consumables, including lubricants.