TOPIC of the research work:
“Why does the popcorn shoot?”
Sadykova Alina
3rd grade GBOU secondary school No. 5 OC "Leader"
g.o. Kinel
Supervisor:
GBOU Secondary School No. 5 OC "Leader"
g.o. Kinel
Kinelsky district
2012
Introduction……………………………………………………………3
I. Main part…………………………………………………………….4
1.1. The history of popcorn………………………………….4
1.2. Nutritional properties of popcorn…………………………………..5
1.3. The appearance of popcorn in Russia………………………………….6
II. Conclusion……………………………………………………..8
List of references used……………………..9
Introduction
I chose the topic about popcorn because I really like this delicacy.
Relevance research is that many people, most of them children, eat popcorn. Constant consumption of popcorn to some extent affects their life and health. This is evidenced by the processing of the results of a survey conducted among my classmates, from which we see that children love to eat popcorn.
Thus, we define purpose of the study: find out why corn kernels “explode”.
To achieve the purpose of the study, it will be necessary to solve the following tasks:
1. Find out the history of the origin of “puffed corn”;
2. Study in the specialized literature about the positive and negative effects of “puffed corn” on human health.
3. Conduct research on how corn kernels “explode” when heated.
Hypothesis: If the popcorn kernels pop, there is moisture there.
An object: corn grains.
Item: the benefits and harms of “puffed corn”.
To implement the assigned tasks, we determine research methods:
· studying specialized literature,
· practical experience,
· observation,
· questioning;
· description ;
· access to the global computer network Internet.
I.Main part
1.1. The history of popcorn
Popcorn– “puffed corn” – is known to everyone. Corn began to be grown approximately 7,000 years ago in the mountainous parts of Mexico and by the first century AD it was one of the most staple foods in the Americas. Who and when first noticed the amazing property of popcorn to explode from high temperature is unknown. Under favorable conditions, corn grains can be stored for a very long time. Evidence of this is the grains found by archaeologists in burials in Peru. Their age exceeds a thousand years, however, many of them can even now be used to prepare “puffed corn”. And in addition to corn grains, vessels for making popcorn were also found in the excavations. In ancient times, they were made of clay, metal and came in a variety of sizes.
Back in the early 16th century, the indigenous population of Mexico then used popcorn - not only as food, but also in the form of hair decorations and necklaces. Europeans discovered popcorn only in 1630.
Only two centuries later, Charlie Kritoz invented the “Popper” - a popcorn machine. By the way, popcorn also contributed to the invention of microwave ovens. When Percy Spencer exposed raw grains to microwave radiation in 1945, he saw them “explode” as if heated over a fire. And subsequently patented the new technology.
Puffed corn is the national American food.
In the USA there is even a Popcorn Day, which is celebrated
1.2.
Nutritional properties of popcorn.
Popcorn
- a natural, low-calorie and satisfying product. One serving of popcorn contains as many nutrients as a large apple with peel or half a serving of oatmeal porridge with bran. Popcorn is rich in carbohydrates and fiber, which consists of dietary fiber. Dietary fiber is not an energy or plastic material for your body.
Popcorn is low in calories. In a portion cooked with hot air that can satisfy your hunger.
1.3. The emergence of popcorn in Russia
Popcorn appeared in our country in 1992. For a bag of corn flakes, people lined up at the brand new transparent machines filled with the delicate, crunchy delicacy. On the shelves there were signs “POPCORN”, hiding the phrase “exploded corn”.
Today there are no more queues, but there are almost more fans of this product. This prompted us to collect facts and stories about popcorn - a favorite product of many - "popped" or "puffed" corn.
In Russia there is no genetically modified corn grain for popcorn. All grain, both imported and domestic, is hybrid, i.e. its qualities have been improved naturally through selection. Only through selection have the taste qualities of modern popcorn been improved, and the size of the flakes has doubled over the past 40 years.
Popcorn, depending on the method and additives used in its preparation, can be either a cheap dietary product or an expensive delicacy.
Popcorn today is sold not only in cinemas, but also in any supermarket, so you can crunch it on the sofa in front of the TV. The variety of corn flavors is simply amazing. There is caramel, vanilla, chocolate and fruit popcorn. For those who like it more savory, they offer corn flavored with onion, garlic, cheese and even caviar. True, it is not real products that are used, but flavorings mixed with cheap oils that are used to pollinate popcorn during cooking. What’s most unpleasant is that manufacturers are trying to attract a children’s audience to their products and are coming up with more and more original packaging. In addition to cardboard boxes, popcorn is sold in transparent “sausages”, in which multi-colored flakes look especially impressive. There are packages in the form of plastic buckets: then they can be used to play Easter cakes. And for the youngest lovers of popcorn, the delicacy is placed in plastic toys, cars or animals, upon seeing which the kids begin to squeal with delight. Such flakes are usually tinted with food coloring and finely crushed to make them easier for children to chew.
Conclusion
During the study, we found out the history of the origin of “puffed corn” and studied in the specialized literature about the positive and negative effects of popcorn on human health. We conducted a survey and an experiment and found out why corn grains explode, thereby completing the assigned tasks. In our work, we used methods of studying specialized literature, descriptions, access to the global computer network Internet, practical experience, and observation.
To make popcorn, only a special variety of corn is used, namely - exploding. Conventional corn, used primarily for starch or to feed livestock, is very difficult, if not impossible, to make popcorn. Exploding corn has a very thin, but much harder and slightly glassy shell than regular corn. After popcorn is cooked, parts of this shell often remain stuck to the final product. Exploding corn has a very large yield. A handful of it makes a big bowl of popcorn.
This is primarily due to improper moisture content. If there is not enough water in the grain, then the steam pressure will not be enough to break the shell. If there is an excess level of moisture, the average heating temperature at which most of the kernels pop, such popcorn will not be enough. In addition, a damaged grain shell may cause the grain to not burst as steam will release gradually.
Making popcorn at home.
Heat 1 tbsp. l. vegetable oil in a large saucepan and add 125 g popcorn grains; to cover with a lid. Heat slowly, shaking the pan until you hear a crackling sound. Remove from heat and sprinkle with sugar or salt to taste.
After the practical research that we carried out with corn grains, we can formulateconclusions:
Corn explodes because there is a small drop of water inside each kernel. When heated, it boils and turns into steam. The steam expands and breaks the waterproof shell of the grain.
Popcorn is good for your health.
It is better to cook and eat it at home.
List of used literature:
1. A book for the curious. - M.: Makhaon, 199 pp.: ill.
2. First questions and answers about nutrition
JSC "Christina and K"
3. Encyclopedia for the curious “Potomuchka”
G. Yurmin, A. Dietrich, AST. M.: AST: Astrel, 2002. - 335 p.
4. http://www. *****/diet/diet377.html
5. http://*****/receipt/vozdushnaya-kukuruza-popkorn/
6. http://*****/ovoshhi/polza-i-vred-kukuruzy/
7 http://ru. /free-photos-vectors/popcorn
MCOU "Lev Tolstoy Secondary School"
TOPIC of the project work:
“Why does the popcorn shoot?”
Completed by a student of grade 3 “A”
Dudkina I.
Head Sklinskaya L.V.
Introduction……………………………………………………………3
Main part…………………………………………………………….4
The history of popcorn………………………………….4
Nutritional properties of popcorn…………………………………..5
The appearance of popcorn in Russia………………………………….6
Conclusion……………………………………………………..8
List of references used……………………..9
Introduction
Relevance research is that many people, most of them children, eat popcorn. Constant consumption of popcorn to some extent affects their life and health. This is evidenced by the processing of the results of a survey conducted among my classmates, from which we see that children love to eat popcorn.
Thus, we define purpose of the study: find out why corn kernels “explode”.
To achieve the purpose of the study, it will be necessary to solve the following tasks:
Find out the history of the origin of “puffed corn”;
Study in the specialized literature about the positive and negative effects of “puffed corn” on human health.
Conduct research on how corn kernels “explode” when heated.
Hypothesis: If the popcorn kernels pop, there is moisture there.
An object: corn grains.
Item: the benefits and harms of “puffed corn”.
To implement the assigned tasks, we determine research methods:
studying specialized literature,
practical experience,
observation,
survey;
description ;
access to the global computer network Internet.
Main part
The history of popcorn
Popcorn– “puffed corn” – is known to everyone. Corn began to be grown approximately 7,000 years ago in the mountainous parts of Mexico and by the first century AD it was one of the most staple foods in the Americas. Who and when first noticed the amazing property of popcorn to explode from high temperature is unknown. Under favorable conditions, corn grains can be stored for a very long time. Evidence of this is the grains found by archaeologists in burials in Peru. Their age exceeds a thousand years, however, many of them can even now be used to prepare “puffed corn”. And in addition to corn grains, vessels for making popcorn were also found in the excavations. In ancient times, they were made of clay, metal and came in a variety of sizes.
Back in the early 16th century, the indigenous population of Mexico then used popcorn - not only as food, but also in the form of hair decorations and necklaces. Europeans discovered popcorn only in 1630.
Only two centuries later, Charlie Kritoz invented the “Popper” - a popcorn machine. By the way, popcorn also contributed to the invention of microwave ovens. When Percy Spencer exposed raw grains to microwave radiation in 1945, he saw them “explode” as if heated over a fire. And subsequently patented the new technology.
Puffed corn is the national American food.
In the USA there is even a Popcorn Day, which is celebrated
Nutritional properties of popcorn.
Popcorn- a natural, low-calorie and satisfying product. One serving of popcorn contains as many nutrients as a large apple with peel or half a serving of oatmeal porridge with bran. Popcorn is rich in carbohydrates and fiber, which consists of dietary fiber. Dietary fiber is not an energy or plastic material for your body.
Popcorn is low in calories. In a portion cooked with hot air that can satisfy your hunger.
The emergence of popcorn in Russia
Popcorn appeared in our country in 1992. For a bag of corn flakes, people lined up at the brand new transparent machines filled with the delicate, crunchy delicacy. On the shelves there were signs “POPCORN”, hiding the phrase “exploded corn”.
Today there are no more queues, but there are almost more fans of this product. This prompted us to collect facts and stories about popcorn - a favorite product of many - "popped" or "puffed" corn.
In Russia there is no genetically modified corn grain for popcorn. All grain, both imported and domestic, is hybrid, i.e. its qualities have been naturally improved through selective breeding. Only through selection have the taste qualities of modern popcorn been improved, and the size of the flakes has doubled over the past 40 years.
Popcorn, depending on the method and additives used in its preparation, can be either a cheap dietary product or an expensive delicacy.
Popcorn today is sold not only in cinemas, but also in any supermarket, so you can crunch it on the sofa in front of the TV. The variety of corn flavors is simply amazing. There is caramel, vanilla, chocolate and fruit popcorn. For those who like it more savory, they offer corn flavored with onion, garlic, cheese and even caviar. True, it is not real products that are used, but flavorings mixed with cheap oils that are used to pollinate popcorn during cooking. What’s most unpleasant is that manufacturers are trying to attract a children’s audience to their products and are coming up with more and more original packaging. In addition to cardboard boxes, popcorn is sold in transparent “sausages”, in which multi-colored flakes look especially impressive. There are packages in the form of plastic buckets: then they can be used to play Easter cakes. And for the youngest lovers of popcorn, the delicacy is placed in plastic toys, cars or animals, upon seeing which the kids begin to squeal with delight. Such flakes are usually tinted with food coloring and finely crushed to make them easier for children to chew.
Conclusion
During the study, we found out the history of the origin of “puffed corn” and studied in the specialized literature about the positive and negative effects of popcorn on human health. We conducted a survey and an experiment and found out why corn grains explode, thereby completing the assigned tasks. In our work, we used methods of studying specialized literature, descriptions, access to the global computer network Internet, practical experience, and observation.
To make popcorn, only a special variety of corn is used, namely - exploding . Conventional corn, used primarily for starch or to feed livestock, is very difficult, if not impossible, to make popcorn. Exploding corn has a very thin, but much harder and slightly glassy shell than regular corn. After popcorn is cooked, parts of this shell often remain stuck to the final product. Exploding corn has a very large yield. A handful of it makes a big bowl of popcorn.
This is primarily due to improper moisture content. If there is not enough water in the grain, then the steam pressure will not be enough to break the shell. If there is an excess level of moisture, the average heating temperature at which most of the kernels pop, such popcorn will not be enough. In addition, a damaged grain shell may cause the grain to not burst as steam will release gradually.
Making popcorn at home.
Heat 1 tbsp. l. vegetable oil in a large saucepan and add 125 g popcorn grains; to cover with a lid. Heat slowly, shaking the pan until you hear a crackling sound. Remove from heat and sprinkle with sugar or salt to taste.
After the practical research that we carried out with corn grains, we can formulate conclusions:
Corn explodes because there is a small drop of water inside each kernel. When heated, it boils and turns into steam. The steam expands and breaks the waterproof shell of the grain.
Popcorn is good for your health.
It is better to cook and eat it at home.
List of used literature:
1. Book forinquisitive.- M.: Makhaon, 1998.- 93 p.: ill.
First questions and answers about nutrition
JSC "Christina and K"
3. Encyclopedia for the curious “Potomuchka”
G. Yurmin, A. Dietrich, AST. M.:AST: Astrel, 2002. - 335 p.
4. http://www.inflora.ru/diet/diet377.html
5. http://vkusno-i-prosto.ru/receipt/vozdushnaya-kukuruza-popkorn/
6. http://foodblogger.ru/ovoshhi/polza-i-vred-kukuruzy/
7 http://ru.freepik.com/free-photos-vectors/popcorn
Research paper on the topic “Why does popcorn shoot?” Completed by: Pavlov Kirill Kobenko Zakhar Students of MBOU BSOS No. 1 1 “G” class Leader: Shevchenko A.N. Primary school teacher MBOU BSOSH No. 1
- Relevance of the study - all children love popcorn, frequent consumption of it affects health.
- Purpose of the study: to find out why corn grains “explode”.
- To achieve the research goal, the following tasks will need to be solved:
- 1) Find out the history of the origin of popcorn;
- 2) Study in the literature the positive and negative effects of popcorn on human health;
- 3) Conduct research and find out how corn kernels explode under the influence of heat.
- Hypothesis: If popcorn kernels pop, there is moisture there.
- Object: corn grains.
- Subject: the benefits and harms of “puffed corn”.
- Research methods: study of specialized literature, practical experience, observation, questioning, description, access to the global computer network Internet.
- Hernan Cortes, who set foot on the soil of Mexico with his companions in 1519, observed the process of preparing this dish, exotic for Europeans.
- The Indians either placed whole maize cobs in hot oil, or threw individual grains into special baskets and held them over the fire, shaking them evenly.
- The “newest” history of popcorn began in the second half of the 19th century. The first mention in US documents was 1880. In 1885, Charles Critors began introducing the first compact and mobile popcorn machine.
- Samuel Rubin, during the Great Depression, I came up with the idea of selling bagged corn in movie theaters. Popcorn first appeared in Russia in the post-war period – 1945-1946.
- Popcorn is just corn, so it:
- helps improve the functioning of the digestive system,
- lowers blood sugar levels,
- has a beneficial effect on the condition of skin tissues,
- protects the body from numerous diseases,
- prolongs a person’s youth,
- used in weight loss programs.
- Cinema owners offer visitors puffed corn with many harmful synthetic additives.
- After eating such popcorn, you always feel thirsty, so people start buying additional sweet carbonated drinks.
- Cooking and consuming large quantities of popcorn can lead to lung disease due to the use of oil containing chemical additives.
- If you consume popcorn in moderation, there will be no health problems.
- Sweet popcorn
- Popcorn with caramel
- Salted popcorn
- 1 tbsp. l. sunflower oil;
- 75 g corn for popcorn;
- 300 g dark chocolate;
- 50 g white chocolate.
- There is a drop of moisture inside the grain. When heated, the shell of corn grains does not allow water to pass through and does not allow water to evaporate, as a result of which strong pressure increases from the inside, the grains burst, turn inside out and become like little white flowers.
Thank you for your attention!!!
Research work on the topic “Why does popcorn shoot?” Completed by:
Pavlov Kirill
Kobenko Zakhar
Students of MBOU BSE No. 1
1 "G" class
Supervisor:
Shevchenko A.N.
Primary school teacher
MBOU BSOSH No. 1
consumption affects health.
Purpose of the study: to find out why grains “explode”
corn.
To achieve the purpose of the study it will be necessary to decide
the following tasks:
1) Find out the history of the origin of popcorn;
2) Study the positive and negative in the literature
the impact of popcorn on human health;
3) Conduct research and find out how grains explode
corn under heat. Hypothesis: If popcorn kernels explode, then there is
moisture.
Object: corn grains.
Subject: the benefits and harms of “puffed corn”.
Research methods:
studying specialized literature,
practical experience,
observation,
survey,
description,
access to the global computer network Internet.
Hernán Cortés, who set foot in 1519 with his
satellites to the land of Mexico, observed the cooking process
this exotic dish for Europeans.
The Indians either placed maize cobs whole in hot
oil, or threw individual grains into special baskets and
held over the fire, shaking evenly.
History of the origin of popcorn
The “newest” history of popcorn began in the second half of the 19th century.centuries. The first mention in US documents was 1880. In 1885
year, Charles Critors began introducing the first compact and
mobile popcorn making machine.
Samuel Rubin, during the Great
Depression, decided to sell
corn poured into bags
in cinemas.
Popcorn in Russia for the first time
appeared in the post-war
time –1945-1946
The effect of popcorn on human health
Popcorn is just corn, so it:helps improve the functioning of the digestive system,
lowers blood sugar levels,
has a beneficial effect on the condition of skin tissues,
protects the body from numerous diseases,
prolongs a person’s youth,
used in weight loss programs.
The main negative impact on the properties of popcorn is caused by the methods of its preparation.
Cinema owners offer visitors aircorn with many harmful synthetic additives.
After eating this popcorn you always want to drink,
so people start buying extra sweets
carbonated drinks.
Cooking and consuming large amounts of air
corn can lead to lung diseases, this is due to
using oil containing chemical additives.
If you eat popcorn in moderation
quantities, there will be no health problems.
Varieties of popcorn
Sweet popcornPopcorn with caramel
Salted popcorn
Survey results
1. 100% of respondents love popcorn.2.
3. 24 people buy ready-made popcorn, 2 people cook it
on one's own.
Survey results
4. 23 respondents prefer the sweet taste of popcorn, 3 -salty.
5.
Making chocolate popcorn
Ingredients:1 tbsp. l. sunflower oil;
75 g corn for popcorn;
300 g dark chocolate;
50 g white chocolate.
Cooking process
Why do corn kernels explode???
There is a drop of moisture inside the grain. When heatedthe shell of corn kernels does not allow water to pass through and does not allow water to
evaporate, resulting in increased pressure
from the inside, the grains burst, turn inside out and become similar
on little white flowers.
Didn't all the grains explode???
This was due to improper moisture content in the grains.If there is not enough water in the grain, then the steam pressure will not
enough to break the shell. If there is excess moisture level,
average heating temperature at which most burst
There won't be enough grains for this kind of popcorn. In addition, damaged
the shell of the grain may cause the grain not to burst,
as the steam will come out gradually. We melted both chocolates in different bowls and poured them
popcorn into dark chocolate and mix thoroughly. By using
spoons drizzled white chocolate on top. And they let it freeze.
Business idea.
Making popcorn at home.
Cotton candy is a record holder among profitable types of business .
Popcorn is a very ancient culture. The oldest ears of popcorn were found in Beth Cay Cave near New Mexico.
corn goddess figurine
Beth Kay Cave
Ancient “poppers” were a vessel made of clay, minerals (such as soapstone), and later wire and metal with a small hole at the top and a long side curly handle in the shape of, for example, a cat, other animals, or simply decorated with carvings.
Ancient poppers
The commercial history of popcorn dates back to 1880, when mention of it first appeared in US agricultural records. In 1885, Charlie Critors invented the first popcorn machine, which also became known as the popper.
Today, most of the popcorn we buy in movie theaters is made from machines designed by the Critors family.
Classification. Popcorn (scientific name zea mays everta) is a type of corn. In English corn means corn. Moreover, the word corn in the history of mankind did not always mean corn. So, there are several types of corn:
Dentoform
Kremnevidnaya
Sweet
Capsicum
The grain itself can be:
Elongated shape
Oval, pearl-like
Popcorn is a natural, low-calorie and filling product. One serving contains as many ballast substances as a large apple with peel or half a serving of oatmeal porridge with
bran. Popcorn made without sugar is a dietary product for those who suffer from diabetic disease, recommended as a bread substitute.
Popcorn is high in fiber and low in fat. It is a preventive agent for cancer of the gastrointestinal tract .
Making popcorn
Making popcorn at home is an exciting and fun activity. Great for lifting your spirits or just for fun.
Popcorn corn differs from regular corn in shape: the seeds are smaller and round in shape. They are sold in stores, but you can grow them yourself in the open ground at your dacha.
Before frying, I check to see if there are any bad grains: blackened, or empty and dried out.
I pour some corn kernels into a well-heated frying pan.
I cover it with a lid.
After a few minutes, all the grains turn into popcorn at
I unpack the paper bag and put it in the microwave. .
I turn on maximum power and wait about 4 minutes (when the pack starts shooting once every 2-3 seconds, it’s time to turn it off so as not to burn it).
You shouldn’t take out the bag right away - you can get burned.
A little later, I take the popcorn out of the bag and pour it into a suitable container.
Glasses and bags for popcorn.
To increase your sales of ready-made popcorn, you need to use practical and colorful packaging for selling popcorn, which should decorate my point of sale and attract the attention of people
Paper popcorn cups are considered the most popular packaging for popcornPaper popcorn cups are considered the most popular packaging for popcorn poppers.
Income from production.
1 serving of popcorn requires 30 g of corn kernels. A large bag of grain weighing 22.7 kg costs 1,100 rubles.
22700 g: 30 g = 756 servings
I get 756 servings from this bag.
1100 RUR: 756 servings = 1 RUR 45 k
1 r 45 k is the cost of grain for making 1 serving of popcorn.
I purchased the cups at a wholesale warehouse in the packaging department in Nizhny Novgorod.
The price of 1 glass is 1 ruble.
150 rubles: 756 servings = 0.20 = 20 k.
20 kopecks is the cost of nutritional supplements for 1 serving of popcorn.
Cost of 1 serving of popcorn = cost
grains (1 ruble 45 k) + cost of 1 cup (1 ruble)
Cost of dietary supplement
for 1 serving (20 kopecks) = 2 rubles 65 kopecks
Cost of 1 serving of popcorn = 2 rubles 65 kopecks.
The price of 1 serving of popcorn will be 20 rubles.
I'm counting my income .
If I sell 1 portion of popcorn for 20 rubles, while its cost is 2 rubles 65 kopecks, then I make a profit of 17 rubles 35 kopecks
20 r -2 r 65 k = 17 r 35 k.
Therefore, my income will depend on the number of servings sold.
For example, when selling 100 servings of popcorn, I will make a profit of 1,735 rubles.
17 RUR 35 k *100 servings = 1735 RUR.
Impressive!
Conclusion.
I am sure that popcorn production is a very profitable business, and what is most important for a novice entrepreneur like me is that it does not require large initial investments, and the profit is extremely high.
In addition to selling corn, I will simultaneously sell cotton candy and in the future I am considering an option such as selling cold drinks.
The holidays are coming - and this seasonal business is perfect for me.
I think everything is in my hands!