Archive. Review material.
Leaving the ethical side of odometer adjustments aside, odometers have been rolled or rolled up ever since they were invented. We will also not consider a mechanical odometer, which even the laziest can wind up and turn our attention to VAZ electronic odometers with a mileage indication on a liquid crystal display.
Currently, three types of dashboards with an electronic odometer are used on VAZ front-wheel drive cars: type VDO, Kursk NPO "Schetmash" and a panel of a new sample of the Vladimir plant "Avtopribor", with one narrow display and marking - letters AP in an oval. In a simplified form, the odometer in all these systems is a counter of pulses coming from the vehicle speed sensor, a divider and an information store in the flash memory of the panel. To change the odometer reading, you need to correct the dump stored in the flash. There are several ways, let's look at each of them.
In a professional car service, it is natural to use an inexpensive full-featured commercial program Combiset from US. It works stably with most VAZ dashboards and pays for itself in 2-3 times.
If you are interested in non-commercial free options - read below.
Vehicle panelsviburnum
Kalina cars are equipped with VDO panels specially designed for this car, made on the NEC processor. To correct these panels, it is necessary to disassemble them (at least for now) and solder them in order to modify the contents using an external programmer.
Currently, these panels have been installed in the 2110 family (see. a photo) and appeared, in addition to VDO, similar production options for Accountmash and Avtopribor.
The VDO and Accountmash panels are amenable to hand-to-hand adjustment, there is a simple mileage storage algorithm.
Panel AP, corrected by the program "Combiset 1.6" with a special adapter.
Panel VDO (Single and Dual Display)
Panel VDO. The first way is the cheapest, but the most difficult. Requires panel disassembly, cutting tracks, soldering and other tricks. Programming goes through the LPT port of the computer. The program for reading - writing and an example of calculating the dump can be downloaded completely free of charge.
Nik sent little useful tool own production for those who use this method. The program requires a dump read from the panel's EEPROM. Command format: vdo
If the dump is completely lost, download full dump for 2-window VDO, sent by Evgeny Kuznetsov, merged from the panel for 2115. And here you can download single window panel dump sent by Nail.
The Combiset program displays any mileage on these panels.
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The latest development in the field of research on the data exchange protocol of the VDO panel installed on domestic cars is an excellent program VDO Research. Author - Eduard Gorbatko, Krasnodar.
The program, when using a simple adapter (a diagram is attached), allows you to read and write data to the panel (both the entire dump and only mileage data), has a built-in mileage calculator and a rather “advanced” debugger.
The program is freeware (free). DOWNLOAD
Panel of the Vladimir plant "Avtopribor" (AP) with a single-line display.
Panel, with AP marking in an oval has a somewhat simple appearance, but very (rather - excessively) serious insides, assembled on 4 PIC's, one of which PIC12 CE519 is used in the odometer. This PIC is a one-time-programmable microcontroller with 1024 *12 bits for the control program and 16 bytes of externally inaccessible EEPROM for storing timing parameters. Presumably there are mileage data. Ideas on how to "fight" the odometer reading on this panel are welcome. For now, the only public the way to fight is to wind up with the help of an external generator, since the panel (unlike the VDO, which stops after 360 km / h.) allows you to set a high speed. The maximum possible speed is about 8500 km / h. Uncle Sam has developed a technique for dealing with this panel. It will be necessary to assemble a simple circuit to connect to the panel. Official users COMBISET receive the method free of charge, contact auto RU .
It should be warned that some PIC instances do not withstand such a number of rewrite cycles (although they should) and simply stop during the “winding” procedure. There have been a lot of reports of such cases lately.
There is another, more progressive and more expensive way to deal with these panels - PIC soldering. In this case, by installing a new PIC12 CE519 or PIC12 F629 chip with a special program, we have the opportunity to set ANY mileage on the panel using the daily mileage reset button. This procedure is multiple, that is, by soldering the chip, you can correct the mileage an unlimited number of times.
Currently, this PIC12 CE519 is out of production, it is rather problematic to find them, so their appearance on sale has become a rarity. It is for this reason that an "alternative" commercial firmware was developed on another PIC controller PIC12 F629. This option does not require any modifications to the panel, except for the replacement of the PIC. You just need to unsolder the old PIC, solder a new one with the modified firmware, and you will be able to set an arbitrary mileage on these panels without the risk of stopping the panel.
Price 2000 rubles for a set of 10 pcs. You can order.
Please do not write with offers to sell the firmware itself or send one chip.
Panels of the Vladimir plant "Avtopribor" (AP) with a two-line display.
The combination of AP panels with a two-line display is available in two modifications - with burning insignificant zeros before the run and without them (newer). The panel with zeros is corrected by the Combiset program, the panel WITHOUT ZEROs is only supported by version 1.6 with a special adapter.
To "fight" with the readings of these panels, Russian craftsmen invented a "hardware" method - installing an additional processor (peak) installed Aweigh. There are currently at least 2 known developments on the PIC12 F629 and one on the AT90 S2313. Second option somewhat more difficult, mounted elements are used: quartz, 3 capacitors and 3 resistors.
In any case, this is a great alternative to blunt and long winding. Depending on the preparation of the specialist, the revision takes 3-10 minutes.
Kursk panel "Accountmash" (One and two display)
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For those who like to wind up electronic odometers, a completely free program kurskset©UncleSam to change the odometer readings of Kursk combinations. The procedure is performed without disassembling the panel.
The scheme for connecting the panel to the LPT port is shown in the figure. It is convenient to assemble all the stuffing of the adapter right in the body of the 25-pin LPT connector. To power the panel, a 12 volt DC power supply is required. The place where the contacts are connected to the panel is in the photo in a white square. The top left and right contacts are used.
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Operating procedure:
one . Unscrew the rear plastic cover of the instrument cluster
2. Solder the wires to the contact pads or in any other way to ensure reliable contact during operation.
3 . Connect the power connector to the white block.
four . Serve food. The combination should show the current mileage value
5 . Connect the adapter to the LPT - port of the computer.
6. Run program (kurskset 1 - LPT1 ; kurskset 2 - LPT2 )
F 6 - reading odometer readings
F 7 - enter new values.
After entering the readings, press ENTER. Alt + X - exit the program.
7. Power off. The next time you turn it on, the new odometer reading will be displayed.
eight . Put everything back in place.
For lovers of "hand-to-hand combat": The mileage is stored at addresses 00 h - 02 h, the cells with the lowest addresses contain the least significant digits, for example, for a mileage of 13164 km. we will have 64 h, 31 h, 01 h. Cell 07 h contains the checksum of the previous seven cells. It is calculated as a simple summation of cells from 00 h to 06 h, followed by truncation of the result to a byte. In cells 08 h - 0 Fh there is duplicate information that completely repeats the information from cells 00 h - 07 h.
Many have experienced difficulties in using this program. Author's recommendations: use of "bare" DOS, address in Setup 378 h. But the panel categorically refuses to communicate with the computer. However, Anatoly Ulanov (aka Ant, Kazan) solved this problem for himself and corrected more than one panel. Here is his technology “... First you connect as in the description, you give power and you hook the wires to the upper left contact and the right one. Press F7, enter new odometer readings, then transfer the left wire to the lower left contact and immediately press F6. The panel begins to rumble with its motors. Immediately turn off the power from the panel. Again you give power - the odometer should already have other readings. Apparently, when you cling to the lower left contact and make a reading, it restarts and the panel remembers the new readings. Checked multiple times...
I note from myself that when the power is off, my panel is programmed without problems.
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Damir Gabdrakhmanov kindly shared with the US the method of connecting the KURSKSET adapter to the two-panel panel manufactured by "Schetmash", Kursk. Connection contacts are located to the left of the quartz resonator. The panel can not be powered from an external +12 V power supply, for this it is necessary to connect a wire to the power bus on the panel from the 1st pin on the LPT connector. The common wire, as before, must be connected to the 1st contact of the white block of the dashboard. For stable operation, it is necessary to use transistors with a gain of at least 800. According to the author, everything works fine.
I express my gratitude to Damir Gabdrakhmanov and UncleSam for the information provided.
The well-known "glitch" of the Kursk panels - due to power interference, for example, when scrolling with a starter or a generator malfunction - reset to 141141. After adjustment, such a panel works normally - until the next reset ...
The "Accountmash" panel of a slightly different modification can be "defeated" in a slightly different way. The technique was shared by Igor Bykov (aka Garry Bull). The technique is quite barbaric and makes sense only for non-commercial use.
You need to cut the tracks from the EEPROM to the processor. The yellow arrows in the photo indicate the places of cuts of the tracks.
Next (using the adapter described above "LPT - panel" on KT3102) connect to contacts 24 LC2 B. In this case, if we consider the adapter circuit towards the panel, then the wire coming from the KT3102 collector must be soldered to the contact pad indicated in the upper photo as red arrow with the number "1" (Corresponds to the 5th leg of 24 LC2 B), and the wire coming from the 4th LPT contact to the contact pad indicated by the red arrow with the number "2" (Corresponds to the 6th leg of 24 LC2 B) . Next, we hook this device to the LPT, supply power to the panel, turn on the computer and run "kurskset" from UncleSam.
By F 7 we write down new indications, then we check the record by F6. In this case, the odometer itself should have zeros. Next, turn off the power to the panel, turn off the computer, disconnect the adapter from both sides, restore the tracks. After turning on the panel, the odometer should already have new readings.
Do not forget, you need the computer to work in "pure" DOS.
At the beginning 2007 there was another modification of the panel "Accountmash" 2115 –3801010 -03 . The panel from the point of view of "twist" is simple - memory 24 LC0. Mileage is stored at addresses 00 -02 in cells with lower addresses are the least significant digits, for example, for a run of 10028 km. we will have 28 00 01 . Addresses 03 and 04 have two checksums; at address 03 checksum of cell with address 02 (FF-adr2 ), at address 04 checksum of cells with addresses 00 and 01 (FF-(adr0 +adr1 )). For example, a run of 10028 km would look like 28 00 01 FE D7 .
Surely, many drivers are faced with the need to wind the mileage on the speedometer for various reasons. Some found a way out of this situation by contacting specialists, while others could not solve the problem, although in fact everything is very simple.
Why should you not treat mileage cheating negatively?
Most motorists have a prejudiced opinion in relation to those who decide to wind the odometer. The fact is that unscrupulous sellers resort to odometer winding, wanting to hide the true mileage in order to sell a used car at a higher price.
But it is worth noting that the mileage is twisted not only in the direction of decrease. There are objective situations that require an increase in mileage:
- The need to undergo maintenance at a service center ahead of time, for example, before a long trip.
- Replacing the dashboard, resulting in a failure of the odometer readings.
- The need to twist the mileage in connection with the replacement of the engine.
- Installation of wheels of non-standard diameter, due to which the actual mileage does not correspond to the actual one.
- Fair compensation for fuel costs.
Of course, there are times when you need to reduce the mileage. Indeed, a neat owner does not always have an excellent condition of the car that corresponds to the true mileage, which is especially upsetting during the sale, when the buyer, having seen an impressive figure on the speedometer, demands to drop the price. In this case, it is enough to simply wind up the mileage, if the otherwise good technical condition of the car does not betray its real age.
How to wind up the mileage?
Many car enthusiasts, even those who need to cheat mileage for objective reasons, often refuse this procedure to the detriment of their own interests, although in fact mileage cheating is absolutely safe for the car's electronic systems.
You can wind the speedometer using a special device called the "winder". The device is designed to wind up the readings of the electronic speedometer on cars manufactured after 2006. Although if the car has an earlier year of manufacture, you can also pick up a device to change the mileage.
Distinctive advantages of the device for wrapping the speedometer can be considered:
- The device does not require special installation.
- It is connected through the diagnostic connector directly in the car.
- Any car owner can use the winding of the speedometer, as the device is characterized by ease of operation.
- The twister has a compact size, so it can even be stored in the glove compartment.
- The high winding speed of the speedometer can reach 5 thousand kilometers per hour.
- The device is suitable for any brand of modern car, regardless of engine size or type of gearbox.
- Winding changes the mileage readings simultaneously in each duplicate block.
This opus is dedicated to real and not so, iron horse runs on highways, which we see on the speedometers of cars bought and sold. Agree that the displayed numbers of the counter of miles and kilometers traveled rarely reflect the actual state of affairs.
How to twist the speedometer and why?
For some reason, in Russia it is not customary to show real kilometers. Probably, such a mentality makes it necessary to bring the mileage to, to put it mildly, not very honest indicators. And, oddly enough, there is an explanation for this.
In distant fabulous times, when there was still the country of the USSR, as well as post-perestroika devastation, and our auto industry, produced the latest technology of the Zhiguli, and the Volga and Moskvich like it, the quality of these cars left much to be desired. It was probably easier to fly somewhere into space than to get the necessary spare parts for the repair of this equipment.
And, as motorists with experience know, after a run of 100-120 thousand kilometers, this miracle, called a car, required serious repairs. Replacing the clutch, not talking about the chassis, as well as the fallen compression and the engine that smokes, asking for it.
Yes, you can’t sell such a car with such mileage ... Then a “smart thought” comes to a puzzled head, twist the speedometer… And now, on the dashboard the desired mileage! That, perhaps, is the whole underlying reason for this situation.
Now, simple mechanical speedometers are being replaced by more and more complex devices, but will this stop an inquisitive Russian specialist?
Correcting the car's mileage in the right direction is becoming increasingly difficult.
The distance traveled is recorded in the speedometer chip, and can also be duplicated in the light module, in the key, ignition switch, and in the control unit. Each chip in which the mileage of the car is recorded is conventionally called a “point”. The number of "points" depends on the brand and manufacturer of the car. There are cars with 1, 2, 3, 4 "points" of mileage registration.
Itself, the technology of twisting, as well as wrapping speedometers, has not changed much over the past few years. Programming methods differ in three ways:
(The simplest - mechanical, we do not consider here.)
- The first- when the mileage memory is reprogrammed by connecting the programmer directly to it.
- Second the method is programming through the connector on the car's instrument cluster.
- Third the programming method is carried out directly through the vehicle diagnostic connector, this is usually the easiest, but, like the second method, it is less and less possible.
The second method is less labor-intensive than the first, but more knowledge-intensive, since it is required to deal not only with the memory encoding, but also with the protocol for accessing it.
The third method is used less and less, as manufacturers close unauthorized access to car settings, not allowing anyone to get into the brains of anyone. In a word, the “fresher” the car, the less likely it is to access the speedometer through the diagnostic connector.
Why odometer manipulation is popular in Russia
If you believe the statistics of "AUTOSTAT", a car whose age is approaching 10 years, "winds" 18,000 kilometers of annual mileage. And, of course, anyone who wants to buy a car that is not the first freshness hopes to find the least “driven” option. Sellers in such cases go to buyers "to meet".
Psychology
In the market and various sites, you can often find ads for the sale of cars 5-7 years old with a mileage of 30 to 70 thousand kilometers. Somehow this does not really converge with the data of Avtostat. The inconsistency is explained simply - more than half of used cars have elementary mileage adjusted to psychologically comfortable marks. In other words, just twisted.
By the way, if not half of car owners, then a good third for some reason believe that the “thing” where the mileage numbers are shown is called a speedometer. Like, he alone is responsible for both speed and mileage. In fact, the odometer is responsible for the mileage. We'll talk about him.
How is it arranged?
Initially, a classic mechanical odometer was installed on cars. On foreign cars, he lasted until the end of the last century. In the domestic auto industry - a little longer.
The mechanical odometer is a standard digital meter with a large gear ratio. In order for one of the numbers to give way to another, the input shaft must “spin” about two thousand times.
Such an "old school" odometer is connected to the gearbox output shaft with a special cable. As the gears turn, the mileage gradually increases.
In the modern "smart" odometer, this "primitive" is no longer there. Directly on the output shaft or wheel (depending on the car) is a sensor that takes into account the speed. There are two types: optical or magnetic. The sensor sends the received data to the electronic control unit. And that, in turn, highlights them on the dashboard display.
By the way, it happens that information about the distance traveled is duplicated in different control units. And sometimes even in the ignition key.
On "fancy" "Bavarians" or Land Rover, which are traditionally considered the most "stubborn" cars in terms of twisting mileage, there may be about ten such data stores.
How is mileage rolled up?
It is clear that we will not describe this procedure in detail. Let's just briefly explain how this happens.
mechanical odometer
To correct the kilometers traveled on it, two methods are used. In the first case, it is necessary to attach some kind of electric motor or, for example, a drill to the input shaft of the meter. With their help, the odometer can be twisted in the opposite direction.
The problem with this method is that it takes quite a lot of time to “wind up”. Craftsmen sometimes have to sit for hours with a drill in their hands and persistently “buzz” in order to see the cherished numbers.
The second option is that you just need to “tear apart” the odometer, and then assemble it back, setting the required mileage.
Electronic odometer
It is adjusted with the help of electronic devices. If we are talking about simple, cheap cars, just unscrew the dashboard cover. Then the odometer is connected to a computer, where a special program will allow you to set the desired mileage. After manipulations, the lid is screwed back - and it's in the bag. About the "crime" can only be reported by screws scratched with a screwdriver.
If there are backup “storages” in the car, mileage adjustment will not be much more difficult. It is enough to connect to the on-board computer and delete information from the reserves. If necessary, the ignition key can be "cleaned" using "flashing".
By the way, if the "master" overlooked - did not delete information from all blocks - then after a while old data may appear on the odometer. This is going to be a surprise.
Well, for "fancy" cars there is another method - a more radical one. A special microcircuit is “implanted” into the block, with which you can set any numbers you like.
Now there is not a single car that could not be corrected for mileage. And it doesn't matter if we are talking about Logan or Hammer. And all to the fact that automakers do not bother about the protection of mileage information. In fact, it doesn't concern them. After all, who cares about the problems of secondary buyers ?!
Issue price
Such manipulations with odometers are inexpensive. If you set a goal, in the "garages" you can find specialists who will deal with a mechanical device quickly and for a maximum of a thousand rubles.
Correction of the simplest electronic odometer will cost 1,500-2,000 rubles. Well, then it's clear. The more complex the mechanism and protection, the higher the price.
How to determine that the mileage is twisted?
In fact, it is quite difficult to find out. If specialists, and not the garage "Uncle Vasya", were engaged in the adjustment, most likely it will not work to find "traces of the crime".
Only indirect “evidence” can help - pedals that are too worn for the declared mileage, shabby upholstery of the steering wheel or seats. But we must not forget (especially when it comes to a budget car) that the covers and pads themselves are cheap and of low quality. Therefore, they can lose their presentation quickly.
Outcome
By and large, mileage in itself is not a 100% indicator of the wear and tear of the “steel horse”. For example, in the same Germany or France, car owners calmly wind up under 200 thousand kilometers - and they don’t know grief. True, they do not forget to call in the service station in a timely manner for prevention or minor repairs. Therefore, European cars, even with solid odometer readings, are quite decent quality.
On the other hand, it is clear that an indifferent, sloppy and stingy driver can easily bring the car to the "zugunder" and for several tens of thousands of kilometers. Therefore, you need to pay special attention to the general condition of the car, and not just the odometer.
Many car enthusiasts, and even more so those who are going to sell their already quite a lot of departing cars, are interested in the question of how to change the car's mileage. This, as you know, allows you to somewhat deceive the buyer and, accordingly, it is more expensive and faster to sell a used car. Besides? you may need to change the mileage of the car for a number of other reasons. For example, when troubleshooting an on-board computer or in order to fit a car bought abroad to the Russian standard, etc. How is the mileage on a car twisted and is it possible to do it yourself? We will start answering these questions right now.
So, how to twist the mileage on a car or how to change the mileage of a car with your own hands.
We note right away that it is possible to twist the mileage of the car on your own, and for this the motorist will need to have a programmer and an impulse generator at hand.
Attention! Changing the mileage is only allowed if:
- If you need to readjust the electronic speedometer (important when using non-standard size wheels)
- In case of malfunctions or breakdowns of the on-board computer
- In case of odometer malfunctions
- To correct the operation of the odometer on foreign cars, in which the car's mileage is measured in miles
- When replacing the instrument cluster of the machine and setting a new odometer reading
The rest of the situations, which, we note, include twisting the mileage in order to sell the car at a higher price, are illegal, they are prohibited in our country by law, but are also prohibited by the internal laws of car manufacturers.
To begin with, as noted above, purchase a special generator in a store or take it for temporary use, which will make it possible without the participation of a specialist, that is, independently change the car’s mileage right in the garage. The generator creates an emulation of the movement of the car. Today, such a device can be of two types.
1. A generator that turns electrical impulses into fur work, and then feeds them to the control unit. This generator is suitable for twisting the mileage of cars that were produced in the CIS countries and imported cars, but only until 2006.
2. A generator that works after connecting it to a special CAN bus located in the car. This tire is installed at the factory in order to simplify the subsequent diagnostics of machines when they give any errors on the dashboard.
By connecting the first or second device to your vehicle, you can very quickly change the mileage of the car without involving auto mechanics in the specified process.
You can change the mileage of the car in another way. For this:
- Dismantle the dashboard in the car
- Locate the processor under the panel. As a rule, this is a rather voluminous, black, rectangle (something similar to a rectangular box)
- Unsolder the processor carefully
- Put it (processor) in the programmer, which is designed specifically for changing the mileage of the car (available at the store)
- Customize your odometer the way you want
- Solder the processor back
- Assemble your dashboard
Below you can watch a video on how to twist car mileage using the programmer.
You can also change the mileage of the car manually, but read below how the mileage on a car is twisted without special devices.
Locate the three-wire speed sensor in your car. After that, slightly raise the jack so that one of the driving wheels in the car is off the ground. Turn the key in the ignition and turn on the oscilloscope. Start spinning the raised wheel. This will determine the main, that is, the signal wiring. Attention! It is best to carry out this procedure with the participation of a specialist, since it will be very difficult to do everything on your own without certain knowledge.
After the signal wire is found, take the pulse generator and bring the signal amplitude to it. Adjust the frequency depending on the mileage you need, while focusing on the indicator of 6 impulses to 1 meter, once again, we note, a meter, not a kilometer of the distance traveled. Signal your assembled alternator in place of the standard signal from the speed sensor. It is worth paying your attention that ABS can perceive the connection of both sensors with an error, which in the future without the participation of a specialist will simply be impossible to eliminate.
Below you can watch a video on how to choose a speedometer winder.
Speedometer readings are often one of the criteria by which the quality and timing of car maintenance are evaluated. More precisely, this refers to the odometer, which is an integral part of the device that measures the distance traveled. In order not to violate the generally accepted name of the device, it will continue to be called that way. Often, for a number of reasons, sometimes subjective, it is necessary to rewind the speedometer, changing the path traveled by the car.
About types of speedometers
Before you figure out how you can change the readings of such a device with your own hands, you need to consider its possible options. There are several fundamentally different types of speedometers:
- mechanical;
- electromechanical;
- electronic.
mechanical speedometer
Gearbox revolutions are transmitted by cable directly to the device. There, the number of revolutions is measured and converted into the distance traveled. To do this, a gearbox with a pre-selected conversion factor is used. How this is done, the photo will help to understand.
In fact, it turns out that one revolution at the output of the gearbox corresponds to a certain number of meters of the distance traveled. This rotation of the output shaft is perceived by special discs (display device) with printed numbers showing the measured distance.
Electromechanical speedometer
This type of device is a further development of the previously described device. In many cases, the cable has been the source of the increased error and has been replaced. The device was introduced installed at the checkpoint. Impulses from it came to a motor with appropriate control, rotating the gearbox. Otherwise, the operation of such a speedometer was no different from a mechanical one, resembling it in appearance.
Electronic speedometer
A similar type is installed on modern cars. In this case, the number of revolutions of the wheel is measured. Knowing the length of its circumference, it is easy to translate the number of revolutions into the distance traveled. The result is displayed on the LCD.
Why change the speedometer readings?
As already noted, drivers sometimes have to change the speedometer. In this case, the mileage is made both less and more. And if in the first case everything is clear - a decrease in the distance traveled when selling a car increases its price, then a few explanations need to be made about the second.
Winding up the speedometer is possible for several reasons, for example:
- To increase fuel costs. More mileage allows you to write off more fuel. And this is not necessarily due to fraud and postscripts. The fact is that in an old, worn-out car, fuel consumption sometimes exceeds the established norms. This is how you make up for the increased costs.
- When replacing the engine or instrument panel. In this case, it is necessary to bring the speedometer readings in line with the new conditions.
- When using discs other than those recommended by the manufacturer. Their diameter can be either larger or smaller than that defined for a standard wheel, respectively, when calculating the distance traveled, a constant error will occur. Here is the winding of the speedometer and allows you to eliminate it, including the one made by yourself.
How is the speedometer winding done?
This is a rather complex and ambiguous question. It all depends on the type of speedometer (each can use its own methodology), as well as on the date of manufacture of the car. Some possible approaches to accomplish this task will be considered below.
How to rewind a mechanical speedometer?
Similar devices are found on old cars, for example, the VAZ or UAZ families of early years of production. In this case, you can act in several ways. The simplest thing is to disconnect the cable from the speed sensor, connect a drill to it, and put it into reverse mode, change the readings. Another approach is to disassemble the instrument panel, remove the counter, and use the necessary tools to change its readings.
This work can be done by hand. However, this is only available on cars of older years of production (until 2005), and its brand does not really matter - VAZ, KAMAZ, UAZ, MAZ or Gazelle. The type of speedometer will be decisive.
How to correct an electromechanical speedometer
Despite the fact that these types of devices remained only on older machines, working with them is much more difficult than with purely mechanical ones. Here, as in other situations considered below, it is necessary to separate two tasks:
- winding the speedometer ̶ increasing its readings;
- twisting the speedometer ̶ reducing the readings of the device.
In principle, both of them can be done by hand, only the approach in each of the cases under consideration should be different. Reduction of readings is possible only when disassembling the panel, removing the counter and manually rearranging its values. But the task - how to rewind a speedometer of this type, is solved using a generator. It generates pulses that arrive at the control input, and according to their number, the readings of the device change. As in the previous case, this also does not depend on the brand of car - VAZ, KAMAZ, UAZ, MAZ or Gazelle.
How to rewind an electronic speedometer
Such devices are installed on modern machines and are often an integral part of other electronic systems on board. Specific methods for adjusting the speedometer readings are determined primarily by the period of manufacture of the car. The fact is that an electronic speedometer can be implemented in different ways and interact with several independent devices.
Therefore, to change its readings, it may be necessary not only to supply additional pulses from speed sensors, but also to reprogram some blocks. And besides, again, depending on the characteristics of the car, for different models of UAZ, VAZ, Gazelle, etc., as well as the year of manufacture, the method of access to the speedometer will be determined. Therefore, it is rather difficult to do such work with your own hands, although no one says that this is impossible. But this will require the use of special electronic devices.
What devices are used to wind up electronic speedometers?
Considering the existing variety of machines and methods for processing data from the speedometer, several different options have been created that allow you to correct the readings of the distance traveled. The circuit of such a device can be made both on discrete elements and on microprocessor systems, but all finished products are divided into the following types:
CAN twist
This device is designed for use on modern machines. Here you need to know that CAN is a special bus through which data is exchanged between vehicle electronics. And its scheme implies the presence of a diagnostic connector through which, knowing the exchange protocol, you can access individual devices.
Accordingly, thanks to this, it is possible to adjust the content of the desired memory cells, achieving the desired result. It is impossible to detect by diagnostic equipment that a change in memory cells has occurred.
Pulse twist to OBDII
This device is intended for use with foreign cars that do not have a CAN bus. This device is connected via a special diagnostic connector OBDII. In this case, the speedometer receives a sequence of pulses that imitate signals from the speed sensor, as a result of which the readings of the distance traveled change.
Speed generator
This circuit simulates a speed sensor. Instead, the generator turns on and produces a sequence of pulses that enter the speedometer and cause a change in its readings. It is more suitable for electromechanical devices and domestic cars - VAZ, UAZ and others manufactured before 2006.
ABS speedometer knob
Suitable for cars equipped with ABS. Its work is based on controlling the speed of movement and rotation of the wheel. The spinner connected to the corresponding connector imitates the operation of the wheels, and the controller, receiving this information, begins to change the speedometer readings.
In addition, it is worth noting that the model of the car and the date of its release are decisive when choosing a device for winding the speedometer. In some cases, changes in the speedometer readings on a VAZ or UAZ will take place in a completely different way than on KAMAZ or MAZ.
You can make a winding device yourself or buy it ready-made, but the most important thing is to determine whether it can be used on this machine. In case of improper use, you can simply burn the electronics.
Strange as it may seem, but sometimes it is not the twisting of the speedometer that becomes more relevant, but, on the contrary, its winding. There are a number of reasons, both objective and subjective, forcing to do this. More than one device has been created that allows you to solve the problem, and you can choose a device that takes into account the date of manufacture of a particular car and allows you to carry out this procedure without consequences.
Sometimes there comes a moment when motorists have to reset the speedometer. Such work can be carried out for several reasons. One of the main reasons is the discrepancy between the values indicated on the speedometer and the real ones, which may be the result of a technical failure.
Why reset the odometer?
Often, motorists, especially inexperienced ones, believe that resetting the speedometer values is necessary only if it is necessary to hide its real data. However, this is not quite true. Sometimes such a procedure is simply necessary.
If, after installing a new odometer, its values \u200b\u200bare equal to zero, then you should slightly change them upwards. If the new speedometer shows non-zero, overestimated readings, then in this case you need to reset the mileage.
How to reset the mileage yourself?
Every year, electronic odometers become popular among motorists, the price of which is much higher than their mechanical counterparts. In almost every car service, you can now find a number of devices that can quickly and effortlessly reset the odometer counter. To reset the speedometer, you can use devices such as a scanner, programmer, etc.
The most common method for resetting odometer counters is reprogramming. But this method should be performed only using high-quality equipment, since only it will not harm other devices on the instrument panel. To reset the mileage, you can apply reprogramming via connectors or, as it is also called, plug-in reprogramming. An important note of such work should be the fact that plug-in reprogramming is possible if there is an access protocol. If for some reason this option is not possible, then you should try to replace the microcircuit, which in the future will allow you to reset the counter repeatedly. An external oscillator can be used in combination with a signal receiving oscillator. However, this method requires complete decryption of the data.
If you do not understand the twisting devices and the car's electronics thoroughly, we do not advise you to try to twist the mileage yourself. Resetting the odometer is a very complicated procedure that can break the dashboard and damage the electronics. It is better not to do such work at home on your own, but to go to specialists who have work experience and relevant qualifications. Otherwise, you risk paying money for expensive repairs.
The skills to correct the readings of the mileage counter have always been in demand among drivers. In some cases, it was necessary to twist the speedometer and “rejuvenate” the car put up for sale, in others, it was necessary to add extra kilometers in order to “save” service fuel. About twenty years ago, it was possible to twist the mileage on the speedometer with an ordinary electric drill or an electric motor with an adapter. On the gearbox gearbox, the speedometer drive cable was unscrewed, clamped into a drill or adapter chuck, and in a couple of hours of winding the speedometer, it was possible to twist the required mileage with your own hands.
Modern technology uses:
- mechanical odometers;
- electromechanical speedometers and odometers;
- electronic speed and mileage meters;
- digital universal means of recording mileage information.
Sometimes drivers removed the dashboard, disengaging the worm gear and gear wheel, set the necessary mileage figures with their hands or a sharp tool on the wheels. It is clear that assembly and disassembly made it possible to twist any mileage, but reduced the accuracy of the instrument readings, and besides, there were traces of penetration. The automotive industry has moved from mechanical speedometers to electromechanical, and further to electronic.
Electromechanical speedometers and odometers
With the transition to electromechanical systems, it became more difficult to twist the speedometer. Information about the speed of movement was determined not by the number of revolutions of the transmission cable, but by a pulse generator that replaced the gearbox on the gearbox. The impulses were converted by a stepper motor into the rotation of the worm gear shaft and wheels with numbers on the information board.
Now the odometer assembly was often made non-separable, and in order to twist the car’s mileage with one’s own hands, it was necessary to translate the numbers on the indicator wheels with a sharp awl, which created a risk of leaving traces of interference. Now twisting the speedometer readings in the old way was troublesome.
Why you need to underestimate or overestimate the mileage of the car
Three or four years ago, the basis of the car trade was sales of used cars. 5-7-year-old models with a mileage of 300-400 thousand km were sold under the guise of 2-3-year-olds with a mileage of 60-90 thousand. The technical condition is decent, the appearance of the car, the condition of the interior and engine units, thanks to good pre-sale preparation, corresponded to the age and mileage declared by the seller .
Soon models with electromechanical speedometers left the market, it was more profitable to trade with newer equipment that has electronic odometers that cannot be hacked or twisted. If there was enough knowledge to twist kilometers on 10-year-old models, then the mileage of 3-5 year olds cannot be changed with their own hands, now only specialists could correctly twist the speedometer and odometer data on the dashboard. Previously, the issue was resolved quite simply - it was necessary to mechanically twist the car's mileage. With the widespread introduction of microcomputers, any intrusion into the electronics of the machine could end in failure. There was a problem how to twist the mileage on the electronic speedometer yourself.
Temptation for company drivers
The problem associated with do-it-yourself winding of the speedometer appeared simultaneously with the installation of devices for fixing the mileage of the car in official cars. The fuel dispensing rates were based on the calculated data of its consumption for a particular vehicle and were generally underestimated. To justify the excess consumption of gasoline, drivers had to find a solution to how to rewind the speedometer and increase the mileage on the odometer.
Electronic processor mileage control systems
In the period 1995-2005, leading automakers began to massively use systems based on digital signal processing and storage in car control units. Now, in modern cars, the mileage is displayed on the liquid crystal indicator of the dashboard by the speedometer chip after summing the speed sensor pulses. Information about the mileage is recorded in a special memory chip. Twisting the readings has become more difficult.
The appearance of non-volatile memory chips in the microcomputer, which allow recording and storing information about the car, operating parameters and operating conditions, has greatly simplified the work of service station specialists.
Now it’s not enough to know how to wind up an electronic speedometer; reprogramming skills and, of course, special equipment are required for work.
Twist the electronic speedometer to reduce mileage
In the 2000s, at the dawn of the digital revolution in the automotive industry, it was widely believed that the average car enthusiast could not figure out how to get into the electronics of a car and how to twist an electronic speedometer with his own hands. Protection of memory chips did not exist or it was implemented at a minimal level. The first circuits of generators appeared, simulating the operation of a pulse sensor, after a dozen hours of operation, they put the necessary information in the memory of the microcircuit.
Interesting! Very often, a circuit was not used at all to wind the speedometer; instead, two of the three outputs of a conventional fan-cooler used to cool the processor in a computer were connected to the connectors of the control microcircuit.
When power was supplied to the cooler, the board built into the fan generated rectangular pulses identical to those supplied by the standard sensor. By adjusting the fan speed, you could wind the speedometer with your own hands.
Today, automakers use their own development of programs and electronic circuits to control a car to protect information. To read, hack and flash information in the microchips of cars of a certain automaker, universal electronic boards are used. The speedometer winding procedure consists in connecting the electronic circuit with your own hands to the corresponding connectors on the car dashboard.
The Internet is brimming with offers to roll the odometer - from simple options on domestic cars to ultra-modern ones on the latest BMW models. In domestic cars, most European and American models, with the exception of such giants as Mercedes, BMW, Peugeot, mileage information was rather poorly protected. Memory chips could be easily removed from the board, especially if they were not soldered, but inserted into connectors.
Japanese cars turned out to be much more difficult in terms of hacking. Most of the ECU microcircuits were "tightly" imprinted on the board and did not have markings. To change the readings, you had to change the board to a similar one.
To hack the microcomputer, the necessary algorithms for rewriting codes were introduced into the board connected to the diagnostic connectors. For more expensive cars with a powerful protection system, information is rewritten using the capabilities of a full-fledged computer with the necessary software that connects to the CAN-BUS data bus or OBD-II, EOBD diagnostic connectors using an interface board.
Modern methods of twisting mileage readings
The existing fleet of cars can be divided into several categories according to the level of complexity of making changes to memory chips:
- standard minimum level of protection;
- increased level of protection;
- exclusive protection measures.
Domestic and foreign vehicles with a standard level of protection
Almost all "native" brands have dashboards of the software "Schetmash" (Kursk) or "Avtopribor" (Vladimir). Recording of mileage readings is carried out in the PIC12F629 memory chip of the dashboard. The design does not provide a connector that would allow twisting the data in the memory, so almost always the dashboard has to be dismantled from the car. On previous versions of the panels, changes are possible with the replacement of the chip.
In modern foreign cars, mileage information is recorded similarly to domestic cars in the odometer or speedometer memory chip. To twist the mileage, owners buy a ready-made solution in the form of a small electronic board with programmed data for a specific model. To change readings, the device is connected to the CAN-BUS connector and activated by a button.
Note! Once the board allows you to twist the mileage by 50 thousand km. By overwriting the device with new data at the manufacturer, it can be reused.
Vehicles with additional memory data protection measures
Among models with conventional mileage data storage systems in one place - a speedometer memory chip, over the past 2-3 years, automakers have begun to use data duplication in additional blocks. For example, in the Citroen Berlingo, up-to-date mileage information is stored in the on-board computer. If you twist only the information in the odometer flash memory, an error will be displayed on the instrument panel LCD.
In addition to computer memory, a duplicate mileage can be stored in the immobilizer or light module chips
In order to "professionally" twist the mileage or reflash the information in the memory, European cars use universal tools that allow you to work with the memory of the on-board computer. For example, the 912 TOOL BDM PROGRAMMER allows you to work with almost a hundred different vehicles, including BMW and Mercedes.
Exclusive Access Security Schemes
Speaking of accessing the memory of a car's computer, one cannot fail to mention BMW and Mercedes cars. In most models, especially the X-series, the number of information duplication points can reach 3-4. Each microcircuit records not only the mileage, but also the service interval, engine and control system errors.
The highlight of the Bavarian automakers is the use of the M35080 chip with increased protection against reprogramming. Naturally, it is unrealistic to wind up an electronic speedometer with your own hands. Diagnostic equipment is used to twist the mileage, but you can try an authoritative development - the iProg USB universal programmer with a huge range of features.
Video how to twist the speedometer: