contact ignition system in modern cars is practically not used and has given way to contactless and electronic systems. Nevertheless, our car owners have a lot of old cars (in our case, this is the VAZ-2106), for which we would like to improve the performance of their engines. As a rule, two options are selected for this: installation of an injector power unit or a modern ignition system.
What is contactless and electronic ignition
You should immediately distinguish between the concepts of "electronic" and "contactless" ignition, since these are fundamentally different systems. Electronic ignition has a position sensor crankshaft and is controlled with its help through the ECU (electronic engine control unit). For contactless ignition to work, such difficulties are not needed.
How is it arranged? In the non-contact type ignition distributor, instead of opening contacts, an induction coil is installed, which gives a high voltage current, which is then given to the candles. And then, as usual, the fuel in the cylinders ignites.
Advantages of using the system on the VAZ 2106
- The absence of open contacts that often burn out.
- No additional adjustments needed.
- Spark plug wear is significantly reduced.
- Fast "cold" start of the engine in the winter.
- Smoother motor operation.
- No need to clean or change contacts.
DIY installation and connection diagram
So, having decided on the choice, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the necessary tools, the procedure for replacing and video instructions.
Tool
From the tool you will need:
- Key 13 - remove and install the distributor
- Screwdriver - tighten the screws.
- Drill with a drill for metal, diameter for self-tapping screws
- Two self-tapping screws - fasten the switch.
- Keys for 10 and 8 - remove and install the coil.
How to install step by step
- Disconnect the battery negative.
Before starting work on the ignition system, disconnect the negative battery terminal.
- Remove the distributor cover with high voltage wires.
Removing the distributor cap - Disconnect the high voltage wire on the coil.
Disconnecting the wire from the ignition coil - With short starts of the starter, set the ignition distributor slider perpendicular to the motor.
This is how the distributor should be installed relative to the motor - Mark the position of the distributor with a marker on the engine.
Installation of the ignition distributor slider - Unscrew the nut holding the distributor with a 13 wrench. Disconnect the wire connecting the device to the coil.
Before removing the ignition distributor, disconnect the wire that goes to it from the coil - Insert the new ignition distributor into the engine by removing the cover from it.
The ignition distributor must be inserted into a regular socket - Rotate the trembler body so that the middle mark on it coincides with the mark you previously set on the motor.
- Tighten the nut securing the new ignition distributor.
Fastening of the distributor of ignition holds a nut - Put on the cover of the distributor and connect the wires to it.
This is how the cover is installed on the distributor - Replace the ignition coil with a new one.
New system needs a new coil - Connect the original and new wires to the coil. To connect everything correctly, use the diagram.
All connections must comply with the diagram
Installation contactless system Ignition based on a Hall sensor allows you to get a number of advantages that a non-contact ignition system has over a classic (contact) ignition system. This replacement is relevant for early Volga models with installed engine ZMZ 402.
Advantages of the contactless system:
The beating and vibration of the slider in the distribution sensor practically do not affect the uniformity of the distribution of sparking over the engine cylinders;
The absence of moving breaker contacts in the sensor-distributor significantly increases reliability and simplifies Maintenance sensor (there is no need to periodically clean the breaker contacts and adjust the gap between them);
Providing the system with increased discharge energy, greatly improves the reliability of ignition combustible mixture in the engine cylinders, which is especially important in the acceleration modes of the car, when the conditions for the ignition of the mixture are unfavorable due to the temporary depletion of the mixture;
ensuring reliable engine start at low temperatures, which significantly reduce the voltage in the vehicle's on-board network (BSZ practically does not cause a change in the spark formation parameters even when the voltage drops to 6 V).
The energy of the spark discharge when using the BSZ at medium crankshaft rotation speeds is 3...4 times higher than with the classical ignition system, in this regard, even a significant deposit of soot on the spark plugs does not significantly impair sparking in the engine cylinders.
The switch circuit protects the ignition coil from overload, increasing the reliability and service life of the entire system. After the engine is stopped, the primary winding of the ignition coil is forcibly switched off, which ensures the safety of the coil when the car is parked for a long time with the ignition on. idle engine.
Due to the fact that there is no contact group in the sensor-distributor, with high revs the engine provides a clear and uninterrupted sparking, which is not in the KSZ.
In a contactless ignition system, instead of a contact ignition distributor, a distributor sensor or a hall sensor is installed. On the ZMZ engine distributor 54.3706-05 is installed. In the sensor-distributor, instead of the contacts of the interrupter, a magnetically sensitive semiconductor element is used - an electronic microswitch (Hall sensor), whose operation is based on the physical Hall effect. To take into account the influence of engine operating modes (crankshaft speed and load) on the ignition timing in the design of the sensor-distributor, a centrifugal mechanical and vacuum automatic regulators, similar to similar machines of classical ignition systems.
The distribution of high-voltage pulses over the engine cylinders in the distribution sensor is carried out using a rotating slider.
The switching of the primary winding of the ignition coil in the BSZ is carried out by an electronic switch that converts the control pulses from the sensor - the ignition distributor into current pulses in the primary winding of the ignition coil. To increase the energy of sparking, the primary winding is made with a low value of active resistance (0.45 Ohm), due to which the maximum current in the primary winding of the ignition coil before the spark discharge reaches a large value (up to 10 A, instead of 3 ... 5 A for classical coils). ignition systems). Therefore, BSZ coils are not interchangeable with contact ignition coils. Their use in a classic ignition system will lead to immediate burnout of the breaker contacts.
To install the BSZ on the ZMZ engine, the following components must be purchased:
1. Sensor - ignition distributor (distributor) - 54.3706-05
2. Ignition coil from VAZ 2108 - 27.3705
3. Ignition switch from VAZ 2108 - 95.3734 (36.3734)
4. Harness of connecting wires.
5. High-quality high-voltage wires (optional, but desirable)
6. 2 screws.
7. Distributor gasket.
Installing the BSZ on a car is not difficult and it takes no more than an hour and a half to install it. First, carefully dismantle the old ignition system. Having unscrewed the distributor fastening nut, disconnected the low-voltage and high-voltage wires, disconnected the UOZ vacuum corrector tube - remove the distributor. We remove the sealing rubber ring from the old distributor, it will be needed to install it on a new distributor (there is no sealing ring included with the new distributor).
Disconnect the high voltage wire and the low voltage wires from the ignition coil. The wires going to the “K” contact (except for the wire going to the distributor) and to the “B” contact on the ignition coil are subsequently connected to a new coil (if you have a CVT system, then the coil can not be changed). The wire connected to the VC contact is insulated and is no longer used. We remove the ignition coil and, together with the distributor, put it in stock.
Ignition installation begins with the installation of a new distributor. Putting a rubber sealing ring on it, we install it instead of the old one, having previously oriented the distributor drive with its counterpart. It will not work to install the distributor incorrectly (if you are not particularly zealous), since the groove where the counterpart of the distributor is inserted has an offset from the center. Having installed the distributor, we connect the vacuum corrector tube and high-voltage wires.
We find a place to install the switch (I installed it on the right mudguard near the GTZ). It is desirable that the installation site be as far away from heating parts as possible, and splashes falling into engine compartment when the vehicle is moving. We mark the attachment points, drill them and fasten the switch to two self-tapping screws. Then we fix the new ignition coil in place of the old one.
In the end, we get such a picture.
It remains to separate the wiring harness. There are several nuances to which I would like to pay special attention. In the wiring harness that I purchased, the contacts were badly crimped and therefore I had to re-crimp them, and later, for greater reliability, solder (you can buy wiring from the VAZ 2107 in the store). All connectors must be firmly inserted and latched. It is important not to mix up the wires when connecting to the ignition coil. Connect the wiring harness as follows:
After installing the BSZ kit, you need to set the ignition timing. If all ignition components are in good order, and the installation is carried out without errors, then the engine starts immediately.
The VAZ "seven" is the latest classic Zhiguli model, produced from 1982 to 2012. Moreover, the injector and electronic ignition appeared on the VAZ 2107 car already in the 90s, and all previous modifications came with a carburetor and a mechanical (contact) sparking system. Since a lot of such cars “run” across the territory of the countries of the former USSR, the issue of switching to contactless ignition (abbreviated as BSZ) does not lose relevance for their owners. It is solved without any problems, you just need to buy a set of new equipment and put it on the "seven" with your own hands, so as not to spend money on car service services.
Electronic ignition design
To put a contactless system on the "classic" VAZ 2107 with a carburetor, it is advisable to study how it works. This will help you properly assemble the circuit and successfully launch it into operation. BSZ for old Zhiguli carburetor models consists of the following elements:
- distributor, it is also the distributor of the ignition system;
- high voltage coil new design(different from the old one, working with mechanical contacts);
- a switch responsible for managing the system;
- high-voltage and ordinary wires with connectors and terminals connecting the listed elements;
- spark plug.
Reference. Since the new ignition system does not have a contact group, and its operation is controlled by an electronic unit, the names “contactless” and “electronic” are equally suitable for it.
The new high voltage coil has 2 windings. The primary is made of a large cross-section conductor and is connected to the car's electrical network through an ignition switch relay. The secondary winding is wound with a large number of turns of thin wire and connected by a high-voltage wire to a distributor, consisting of the following parts:
- housing with a shaft mounted in the center;
- a movable contact (the so-called slider) is fixed at the end of the shaft;
- a cover is put on top of the body, where high-voltage wires of large cross section are connected to the spark plugs;
- there is a protrusion (cam) on the shaft, opposite which is the Hall sensor;
- a vacuum diaphragm is attached to the side, providing ignition advance.
The switch is connected by small-section conductors to a distributor and a coil, its task is to control the timely supply of a spark to the candles.
Reference. In newer versions of the VAZ 2107, where there is an injector instead of a carburetor, there is no separate switch. There is no need for it, since the on-board computer controller controls the sparking and fuel supply.
The principle of operation of the BSZ
Sparking with electronic control operates according to a fairly simple algorithm, which determines the reliability of such a scheme. When the driver turns the key in the ignition, a constant voltage from the on-board network goes to the primary winding of the coil, which causes a magnetic field around it. Then the system works like this:
- The starter turns the crankshaft and drives the distributor shaft along with the slider.
- The Hall sensor, which reacts to the passage of a metal mass nearby, registers the rotation of the shaft along the protrusion on it and sends a signal to the switch.
- The electronic unit, on the signal of the sensor, turns off the voltage supply to the primary winding of the coil.
- At the moment of breaking the circuit, a high voltage pulse (up to 24 kV) is formed in the secondary winding of the coil. It is sent along a thick wire to the movable contact of the distributor.
- The slider redirects the impulse to one of the fixed contacts built into the cover. From there, voltage is supplied to the spark plug of the cylinder where the piston is at top dead center.
- At this point, the fuel is already in the combustion chamber in a compressed state. When a spark jumps on the electrodes of the candle, it ignites.
- The slider rotates and transmits a spark to all cylinders according to the 1-3-4-2 scheme, after which the car engine starts and starts to work.
Note. In old VAZ 2107 cars, there was no switch, and the electrical circuit was broken mechanically - the shaft cam opened the contact group.
Pros and cons of contactless ignition
At the moment, 100% of manufactured cars using gasoline or liquefied gas as fuel are equipped with an electronically controlled sparking system. Mechanical ignition is outdated and a thing of the past. The reason is its unreliability during operation, frequent malfunctions and low spark power. Compared with the contact system, BSZ has the following advantages:
- The absence of contacts whose surfaces constantly burn out from high voltage, causing the sparking power to drop sharply.
- In distributor electronic system there are no wearing parts that had to be changed every 15-20 thousand kilometers.
- Thanks to the non-contact circuit and the new design of the coil, the voltage supplied to the electrodes of the candles was raised from 18 to 24 kV. This had a beneficial effect on the ignition and combustion of the air-fuel mixture in the cylinders.
- Reliability in work and durability.
Reference. In the past, the owners of the VAZ "classics" quite often had to remove a protrusion burning on the surface of one of the contacts, which required a flat file. But a recess formed on the second contact, which was rather difficult to clean, so manufacturers began to make contact groups with through holes.
Of the significant shortcomings of the BSZ, one can be noted - the non-repairability of the Hall sensor. If the mechanical contacts are cleaned, then the faulty sensor only needs to be changed, so it is advisable to carry it with you. On the other hand, this device is very reliable in operation and serves 40-50 thousand km without problems.
Reference. Owners of VAZ 2107 cars equipped with the first BSZ sets, in addition to the Hall sensor, also had to carry a spare switch. But after 2 years, its design has undergone modernization, which is why the electronic components have ceased to fail.
Instructions for installing a contactless system
The procedure for replacing mechanical ignition with electronic is divided into the following stages:
- selection and purchase of BSZ;
- preparation of tools;
- removal of the old system and installation of a new one;
- ignition setting.
If earlier you did not have to deal with the problems of sparking in the classic Zhiguli models on your own, then you will have to allocate about 3-4 hours for all the work.
The BSZ factory kit for the VAZ 2107, which is commercially available, includes the following parts:
- switch with catalog number 36.3734 (it also happens to be 3620.3734);
- main ignition distributor, marking - 38.37061;
- high voltage coil, catalog number - 27.3705;
- harnesses with connectors.
Note. The distributor marking is indicated for cars with engines of 1.5 and 1.6 liters. In modifications of the "sevens" with a 1.3 liter engine, the cylinder block is smaller in height, and the ignition distributor shaft is shorter. His Catalogue number - 38.3706–01.
On sale there is a similar contactless kit designed for the Russian SUV VAZ 2121 Niva. In it, the distributor is marked as follows: 3810.3706 or 38.3706–10. You should not buy it for the "classics", because the element differs in technical parameters although it looks the same on the outside.
Among the manufacturers producing ready-made electronic ignition kits for old VAZ models, the SOATE company, whose production is located in Stary Oskol, has recommended itself best of all Russian Federation. Feedback from the owners of the "classics" about the company's products is purely positive.
Advice. When planning to put the BSZ on the "seven", in parallel, replace the spark plugs (brand - A17DVR) and high-voltage wires to them. They are not included in the delivery set, but for stable and economical operation of the engine with new system sparks are very useful.
What tools will be needed?
To mount the electronic unit and other elements of the BZS, you will need a simple toolkit available in the garage of any skilled motorist:
- screwdrivers with flat and Phillips slots;
- open-end wrenches 8, 10 and 13 mm in size;
- ordinary pliers;
- candle wrench, equipped for convenience with a cardan;
- hand or electric drill with a drill with a diameter of 3-3.5 mm.
Note. With the help of keys, the terminals, fasteners of the distributor and coils are unscrewed. You will need a drill to make 2 holes for mounting the switch. In some machines, you can find ready-made holes designed for mounting electronics, they are located on the left side member (in the direction of the car).
It’s good if you manage to find and borrow for a while a special key designed to turn the VAZ 2107 crankshaft by grabbing the ratchet nut. Another option is to rotate the crankshaft with a conventional 30 mm open-end wrench or by turning the rear wheel that has been hung out with 4th gear engaged.
You can carry out work on installing and configuring contactless ignition in any convenient place, as long as the weather conditions allow. Since you do not need a viewing hole, a flat and well-lit area will do.
Installation of BSZ on a car
Before installing the electronic ignition, you need to remove the old system from the car, proceeding in this order:
- Lift the hood cover of the "seven", disconnect the battery from the on-board network and remove the high voltage wires from the candles.
- Turn out the candles and turn the crankshaft to bring the piston of the 1st cylinder to the top dead center (TDC). A long screwdriver inserted into the candle well will help you with this. Make sure that the notch on the crankshaft pulley is opposite the first mark on the cylinder block (it is the longest of the three).
- Unlock the metal latches of the ignition distributor cover and remove it together with the wires. To be sure, put a mark on the valve cover of the engine opposite the movable contact of the slider.
- Disconnect all wires from the distributor and a thin tube that connects it to the fitting on the carburetor. Loosen the nut holding the distributor skirt to the cylinder block and unscrew it. Remove the old distributor, making sure that the gasket is not lost (it stands between it and the block).
- Disconnect the wires from the contacts of the high voltage coil and note where they are connected. Unscrew the coil bracket and remove it from the body.
Start the installation of the BSZ with the installation of an electronic unit equipped with an aluminum mounting plate with holes (it serves as a cooling element for the device). If there are ready-made holes on the left side member, screw the switch to them with two self-tapping screws. Otherwise, find a free place near the coil, drill holes and fix the control box.
Advice. Do not place the switch under a reservoir of flushing fluid windshield. If it leaks, it will flood the delicate electronics and the ignition will stop functioning.
Mount the elements of the contactless system in the following sequence:
- Take a new distributor, remove the cover from it and put on the gasket. Install it in the socket on the cylinder block so that the moving contact is opposite the chalk mark drawn on the engine valve cover. Lightly press the skirt of the distributor with the fixing nut so that it does not accidentally turn.
- Screw the high voltage coil back into place (the fasteners match). Connect the wires from the ignition lock relay, tachometer and switch to its terminals. The wire coming from contact "1" of the electronic unit is connected to the terminal marked "K" of the coil, and the wire from contact "4" is connected to terminal "B".
- Having set a gap of 0.8-0.9 mm between the electrodes of the candles, screw them into the holes of the cylinders. Put the cover on the distributor and connect all the high voltage wires, including the central one leading to the coil. Connect the vacuum tube, after which you can start the engine and adjust the timely sparking.
Advice. When mounting a high-voltage coil, the terminals are interchanged, which causes some inconvenience. The issue is solved by loosening the nut of the mounting clamp and turning the coil body by 180 °, after which it can be put in place.
Stages of ignition installation in photos
The position of the slider with aligned marks Before setting marks, you need to remove the distributor cover Unscrewing the wires of the old distributor Removing the central high-voltage wire from the coil When all the wires are removed and the fastening nut is unscrewed, the distributor is removed from the block After installing the new coil, the wires are connected to the same terminals guided by the numbers on the cover The switch is mounted on 2 self-tapping screws to the side member
Video on replacing the ignition with electronic
Ignition Setting Instructions
If you clearly followed the instructions given, connected all the wires according to the diagram and did not knock down the combined marks, then the motor will start without problems. To adjust the ignition, you need to achieve stable operation of the engine, so first warm it up for several minutes, without letting it stall by pressing the gas pedal.
Advice. If the engine start fails, and even pops do not appear when the starter is turned on, then you probably messed up with the wiring. Check everything again according to the diagram attached to the factory set of electronic ignition parts.
There are two ways to perform adjustment on a warm engine:
- without the use of special devices - "by ear";
- precise adjustment with a stroboscope.
A stroboscope is a device with a light bulb that flashes simultaneously with the transmission of an impulse by the Hall sensor. When the included stroboscope is brought to the flywheel of the crankshaft with the engine running, the position of the notch becomes visible. Hence the possibility of fine adjustment.
To set up, connect the power of the stroboscope to battery, and a thick vein - to high voltage wire candles of the 1st cylinder. Loosen the distributor nut and bring the flashing lamp to the pulley. Slowly turn the distributor housing until the notch on the pulley is opposite the short notch, then tighten the nut.
Tuning in a folk way "by ear" is performed as follows:
- Start the engine and loosen the nut holding the ignition distributor.
- Smoothly and slowly rotate the distributor within 15 °. Find the position where the motor runs most stably.
- Tighten the fastening nut.
Advice. When you turn the ignition distributor by hand, try not to touch the high voltage wires so that you do not get an electric shock. The best option- take hold of the body of the membrane mechanism, where the tube from the carburetor is connected.
It is quite natural that after installing a contactless ignition system idling engine will rise to 1100-1200 rpm due to increased spark power. Set the rate to 850-900 rpm by tightening the screw idle move on the carburetor and guided by the tachometer. On VAZ 2105-2107 carburetors of the Ozone type, this screw is located in the lower section of the unit with right side and different big size. In VAZ 2108 carburetors of the Solex type (these were also placed on the "seven") there is a long plastic handle protruding to the right (in the direction of travel). The second screw, which regulates the composition of the air-fuel mixture, cannot be turned.
Advice. If during a sharp press on the accelerator a loud knock is heard from the engine, then you have set the ignition timing too high and the mixture flares up earlier than necessary. Loosen the distributor nut and rotate the housing a couple of degrees clockwise.
Video about adjusting the ignition on the "classic" Zhiguli
The best indicator of the successful installation and configuration of a contactless ignition system is to check the VAZ 2107 on the go. It is worth driving a car for several kilometers to check it under various modes - acceleration, driving in a straight line and coasting with the gear engaged. You will surely like the behavior of the machine, and the hateful cleaning of contacts will be forgotten forever.
Most owners of the "classic" from AvtoVAZ, faced with the contact ignition system, which was equipped with cars of the last century, try to change it to electronic. Such a refinement of the machine may well be carried out independently. This article is dedicated to this.
What is electronic ignition
The term "electronic ignition" means the same as "contactless ignition". The BSZ block is assembled from electronic (semiconductor) components, which is reflected in the name of the system. "Contactless" ignition is called because the closing and opening of the low-voltage circuit is performed by the electronic switch by locking and unlocking the transistor, and not by the distributor contact.
The electronic ignition system of the VAZ 2107 for the carburetor and injection versions is different. Perhaps this is the reason for the erroneous opinion that electronic and contactless ignition are different systems.
Advantages of contactless ignition VAZ 2107
- There is no need to maintain the contact group (cleaning, gap adjustment).
- Increased reliability due to the absence of a contact group subject to wear.
- Stable uniform distribution of the spark across the cylinders, regardless of the mode and operating conditions of the engine.
- Increasing the resource of the distributor by eliminating vibration and runout of the axis when the cams act on the contacts.
- Save fuel, increase power and reduce harmful emissions due to more complete combustion of fuel in the cylinders.
- Reliable engine start at low temperatures due to stable spark plug voltage at low battery voltage and at low speeds.
What is included in the electronic (non-contact) ignition kit VAZ 2107
Contactless ignition system for VAZ includes:
- distributor;
- ignition coil;
- switch;
- set of wires.
What is needed to install electronic (non-contact) ignition
In addition to the BSZ kit, you will need:
- keys for 8, 10, 13;
- self-tapping screws;
- Phillips screwdriver;
- drill;
- drill.
How to install electronic (non-contact) ignition
To avoid a short circuit during the installation of electronic ignition, it is necessary to disconnect the ground wire from the battery.
The sequence of installation of electronic ignition units does not really matter. You may be advised to start by replacing the distributor:
Then the coil should be replaced. The operation is simple, but you need to take into account the position of the contacts "B" and "K". If it is different on the new coil, it is necessary to rotate it relative to the fasteners so that the contacts are located similarly to the old one.
The switch is installed last. It is better to place it between the headlight and the washer reservoir. You can fix the switch using self-tapping screws, under one of which you can bring out the “zero” wire. The radiator of the device must be leaning against the body. 
After installing the kit, you must carefully check the quality electrical connections, correspondence of connections to the circuit diagram.
After completing the installation of the ignition units, you can connect the "ground" wire to the battery and start the engine.
How to adjust the electronic (non-contact) ignition VAZ 2107
It is best to use special equipment for this. If it is not available, you can adjust the ignition "by ear". Before adjusting the ignition, make sure that the carburetor and accelerator pump are working correctly. The adjustment procedure is as follows:
- warm up the engine;
- loosen the distributor nut;
- slowly turn the distributor (distributor) with the engine running back and forth until the speed is even and the highest;
- tighten the fastening nut;
- accelerate the car to 50 km / h in third gear and, turning on fourth, sharply press on the gas. There should be a knocking sound that continues until the car accelerates another 3-5 km/h. If the sound is heard longer, the distributor must be released, rotated 1 degree clockwise and tightened again. If, when you press the "gas", the speed "fails" or the sound of detonation does not occur at all, the distributor must be turned counterclockwise.
Adjusting the ignition without special devices requires skills and experience. If you doubt your abilities, it is better to contact a service station that has the necessary equipment.
- To provide normal operation ignition, high-quality spark plugs should be installed. This is especially important when running a car on gas.
- Poor quality wires often cause ignition malfunctions. It is better to use silicone insulated wires, which have better dielectric performance and are more durable.
- Poor fixation of the wire block often causes the switch to fail. To avoid this, it is necessary to check the quality of the fit of the connector.
- On VAZ models older than 1994, when installing electronic ignition, the tachometer stops working. You can fix the problem by installing a 1.2 kOhm resistance or a capacitor in the circuit between the coil and the tachometer.
The only drawback of electronic ignition on a VAZ is its complete inoperability if the hall sensor breaks down. This is not very frequent, but quite possible event. To completely protect yourself from this problem, you should buy a spare sensor and carry it with you.