The Gazelle brand has existed since 1994, light-duty trucks were the first to roll off the assembly line, and later vans, minibuses, and various special equipment began to be additionally produced at the Gorky Automobile Plant.
Throughout the history of the brand, countless different modifications of the car have been produced, various engines have been installed on the machines.
This article will be discussed on Gazelle cars: technical specifications, types of power units and transmissions, a general description of models in different bodies will be given.
In the USSR, there were practically no small commercial vehicles, and of the relatively small trucks in the Soviet Union, only the GAZ-AA lorry was produced. But by 1950, the production of the legendary truck was discontinued, in the future, cargo was transported only by vehicles with a carrying capacity of at least two tons, and the dimensions of such vehicles were impressive. The need for the transportation of small consignments of goods and cargo arose with the development of the market in Russia, the first in the class of light commercial vehicles (LCV) was the Gazelle.
At first, one and a half ton GAZ-3302 vehicles were equipped with ZMZ-402 (Ai-92) and ZMZ-4021 (A-76) engines, mechanical 4- and 5-speed gearboxes, and a “Tchaikovsky” rear axle. The cabin was designed for three people, taking into account the driver, it was possible to install an awning on the "one and a half" vehicle, with which all onboard vehicles were equipped from the factory.
The four-speed gearbox was frankly weak for a light truck, and by 1996 the plant stopped installing them, cars were now equipped with only 5-speed. manual transmission. Also around this time, a bridge of its own design was developed for Gazel, and the Tchaikovsky (GAZ-3102 type) was removed from the conveyor line. In 1997, a carburettor 110-horsepower internal combustion engine ZMZ-4063.10 went into series on a car. 
In the entire history of its existence, the GAZ-3302 has only been restyled twice - in 2003 and 2010, and since 1995 an all-wheel drive truck 33027 has been produced. In the last year of the pre-styling version (2002), the production of cars with an extended frame began, the chassis received the index 330202. Although the carrying capacity of the car remained almost the same, it was already possible to transport long loads on a car with an elongated body. The technical characteristics of the GAZ-3302 (sample 1994-2003) are as follows:
- number of doors - two;
- number of passenger seats (including passenger seat) - 6;
- body type - pickup;
- load capacity - 1500 kg;
- wheelbase - 290 cm;
- curb weight - 1600 kg;
- wheel track rear / front - 156/170 cm;
- maximum weight of a loaded vehicle (gross weight) - 3.5 tons;
- dimensions (length / width / height) - 5.120 / 1.970 / 2.120 m (height is taken according to the cabin, excluding the awning);
- wheel disc radius - R16;
- tire size - 175/80;
- gas tank volume - 60/70 liters, depending on the modification of the vehicle;
- front / rear suspension - dependent, on springs.
It should be noted that the first Gazelles were equipped with plastic 60-liter fuel tanks, and only later they decided to install 70-liter metal gas tanks on them. On the rear axle of the onboard GAZ-3302 there are two slopes on each side, the rear axle is mounted on springs.
A year after the start of production of the onboard 3302, GAZ began the production of cargo light trucks with a double cab, the model was called "Farmer". This modification of the car was originally designed for use in agriculture, but the mini-truck quickly found application in other areas, in particular, a car, it came in handy for transporting mobile teams. 
The main difference between GAZ-33023 and 3302 is the cabin, the volume of which has been increased to four and a half cubic meters, and it has two rows of seats (six seats). Just like on a one and a half ton truck, the Gazelle Farmer has a long-wheelbase version, as well as an all-wheel drive version of the car. In the pre-styling version, the car was equipped with two types of engines - gasoline carburetor engines ZMZ-402 (100 hp) and ZMZ-4063 (110 hp). and since 2000, the Farmer has been additionally equipped with GAZ-560 and 5601 (5602) diesel engines, assembled under license from the Austrian concern Steyr.
GAZ 330232 is a Gazelle Farmer with an extended base, there are several modifications in total:
- 330232-216 - with UMZ-4216 engine, with power steering;
- 330232-404 - with motor ZMZ-40524;
- 330232-408 - with motor ZMZ-40524, with power steering;
- 330232-748 - with Chrysler ICE 2400 cm³; with power steering;
- 330232-531 - with GAZ-5602 internal combustion engine, with power steering.
The GAZ-5602 engine installed on the GAZ-330232-531 car is an upgraded version of the GAZ-5601 turbodiesel, unlike the latter, it already meets Euro-3 environmental standards (GAZ-5601 corresponds to Euro-2). The wheelbase in the extended version is increased by 0.6 m, respectively, the size of the "board" is larger for the car. All models are equipped with an oilcloth awning, the cabin is designed for six passenger seats (including the driver).
The Gazelle Farmer GAZ-330232 car with the ZMZ-405 engine has the following specifications:
A few months after the release of the Gazelle Farmer, the Gorky Automobile Plant began production of the GAZ-2705 all-metal van (since December 1995). This car is produced with two cab options - in 3-seat and 6-seat versions (2705 "Kombi"), the van has one side sliding and two rear hinged doors. In the three-seater version, the car has a carrying capacity of 1.35 tons, in the six-seater version - 1 ton.
In 1996, the production of an all-wheel drive version of the GAZ-27057 began, in 2002 a modification of a commercial car with a plastic roof appeared, which was located higher, and due to this, the usable volume increased (11 cubic meters instead of 9 in the standard version). Modernized cars received indexes 2705-90 and 27057-90 (in all-wheel drive version).
The technical characteristics of the GAZ-2705 van (with the ZMZ 405 engine) are as follows:
In the spring of 1996, the production of minibuses (minivan) began at the Gorky Automobile Plant, the base model was called GAZ-3221. In the summer of the same year, the full version of the GAZ-32217 was released, the car is designed for operation on dirt roads. The Gazelle minibus accommodates 13 passengers, a modernized version of the GAZ-32213 is also produced, it differs from the basic version in high soft seats.
The base of the minibus is the van 2705, the minivan GAZ-3221 has the following technical characteristics:
First restyling
In 2003, the first restyling was carried out at Gazel, first of all, the modernization affected the external appearance of the car:
- the headlights became different, and if they had a rectangular shape on the 1994-2003 model (borrowed from the GAZ-31029/3110 passenger car), then the optics on the new car already had their own;
- acquired a different shape of the hood;
- changed the front fenders;
- the factory decided to install new bumpers, grille.
The changes also affected the interior - the instrument panel has changed, and the instrument panel was taken from the Volga GAZ-3110. The ZMZ-402 engine was discontinued, and it was no longer installed on the updated Gazelle. Since 2003, the GAZ-5602 engine has been serially installed on the restyled version, since 2007 - UMZ-4216, and since 2008 - ZMZ-40524.
In 2010, Gazel was restyled for the second time, it is this updated version that is called the Gazelle Business. There are few external changes in the restyled version (radiator grille, front bumper), basically the new car is distinguished by new components - many imported parts have appeared in this brand. The main installed power units are the Ulyanovsk UMZ-4216 gasoline engine (in two versions) and the American Cummins 2800³ Chinese-assembled turbodiesel.
GAZelle-Next
In April 2013, GAZ began mass production of the Gazelle Next car, and it was no longer a restyling, but a completely new second-generation car. The design of the Next commercial car has completely changed - its appearance corresponds to the ideas of a modern car, and it looks no worse than any foreign car.
From the very beginning of production, only one type of engine was installed on Next - a Cummins 2800 cm³ diesel engine. In the future, the line of power units expanded, it was supplemented by the Ulyanovsk gasoline engine Evotech E-4 with a volume of 2700 cm³. The transmission, although it has undergone modernization, is put on the machine the same mechanical 5-speed. Gearbox, other gearboxes on the car are not provided. 
Next received a frame, rear axle, exhaust system and fuel tank from Gazelle Business, but the cab and body are completely new, and a completely different front suspension is also installed. The wheelbase of the second generation GAZ car has increased, a lot of imported parts are installed on the car. The basic option is considered a flatbed truck, on its chassis is also produced:
In the basic version (flatbed truck), the Gazelle Next car has the following technical characteristics:
- dimensions (length / height / width) - 5.630 / 2.140 / 2.070 m (height is taken according to the cabin, excluding the awning);
- ground clearance (clearance) - 17 cm;
- number of doors - two;
- number of passenger seats (including the driver) - 3;
- wheel track rear / front - 156/ 175 cm;
- curb weight - 1985 kg;
- wheelbase - 3.145 m (with a long frame - 3.745 m);
- load capacity - more than 1500 kg;
- maximum weight of the loaded vehicle (gross weight) - 3.5 tons;
- body type - pickup;
- tire size - 175/80 (185/75);
- radius of rims - R16;
- gas tank volume - 70 liters;
- front suspension - independent type, rear - axle on springs.